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ABO Mismatched Stem Cell Transplant and Related Complications

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Basics of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

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Abstract

ABO compatibility between the donor and the recipient plays an important role in terms of getting the most compatible blood during the peri-transplant period and can have consequences on clinical outcomes in allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients. Transfusion reaction which results from any untoward event that occurs as a result of the infusion of blood components can develop in patients receiving these products. No impact on overall survival rates has been found when comparing ABO-matched and mismatched SCTs. Pure red cell aplasia can develop when antibodies against newly engrafted red blood cells (RBCs) destroy erythrocyte progenitor cells in the bone marrow. A higher incidence of PRCA is seen in patients receiving reduced intensity conditioning regimens, likely due to persistent recipient B cells and plasma cells producing antibodies anti-donor antibodies. The conversion of the recipient blood group type to the donor blood group type after allo SCT is called ABO switching. A transplant physician has to work in coordination with blood bank and to choose the best compatible blood components for recipients during peritransplant period, particularly incase of ABO mismatched SCTs. This chapter deals with how to manage the transfusion-related complications and what type of blood components to be transfused during the allo SCT process.

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  1. Department of Hemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Venkateshwar Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Sanjeev Kumar Sharma

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  1. Sanjeev Kumar Sharma
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Sharma, S.K. (2023). ABO Mismatched Stem Cell Transplant and Related Complications. In: Basics of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5802-1_52

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5802-1_52

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-19-5801-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-19-5802-1

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