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Viral Infections Post Stem Cell Transplant

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Basics of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

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Abstract

Viral infections are one of the most common infections following stem cell transplantation (SCT). Herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 and 2 associated infections usually occur in the pre-engraftment phase, whereas, cytomegalovirus (CMV) and human herpes virus (HHV)-6 cause infections in the early post-engraftment phase. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections often occur after 100 days of SCT. Manifestation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation can range from asymptomatic hepatitis to fulminant hepatic failure. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients can be considered candidates for SCT if they have no significant hepatic dysfunction, as assessed by liver biopsy. If prophylactic acyclovir is not used then VZV infection can occur in 40–50% of patients within the first year of SCT. HHV-6 can cause delay in engraftment and also increases the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). HHV-6 is also known to increase the risk of encephalitis following allogeneic SCT.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hemato-oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Venkateshwar Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Sanjeev Kumar Sharma

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  1. Sanjeev Kumar Sharma
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Sharma, S.K. (2023). Viral Infections Post Stem Cell Transplant. In: Basics of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5802-1_45

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5802-1_45

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-19-5801-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-19-5802-1

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