Abstract
After the First Opium War, China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity were seriously damaged. The country also lost its independence in foreign trade, which became completely dependent on the colonial empires, and therefore a kind of foreign trade characteristic of a semi-colony.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Wu Yujin, Qi Shirong, World History: Modern History (Volume 2), Beijing: Higher Education Press, 1994.
- 2.
Meng Xianzhang, Hi stor y of Ec on o mic Re la t ion s a n d Tra d e b e t we e n Chin a a n d th e US S R, Heilongjiang People’s Publishing House, 1992.
- 3.
Dong Zhikai, A Dif f icult Start to Edge into the Inter nat ional Mark et, Beijing: Economic and Management Publishing House, 1993.
- 4.
The structure of imported commodities refers to the composition of various commodities in a country’s import trade within a certain period of time, which can be used as an indirectly indicator of a country’s degree of dependence on foreign markets in terms of resources, factor allocation and technology.
- 5.
General trading referred to any country’s importation of goods produced for export in another country using the latter’s domestic raw materials.
- 6.
Processing trade mainly included four forms, namely “processing with imported materials”, “processing with supplied materials”, “assembly of components” and “collaborative production”, which was a pattern of trading through which to obtain partial added value by importing raw materials and components and processing them into finished products for exportation.
- 7.
Here, the mode of foreign trade refers only to the mode of the foreign trade of goods.
- 8.
Wu Chengming, Dong Zhikai, Economic Histor y of the People’s Republic of China (Volume 1), Beijing: China Financial & Economic Publishing House, 2001.
- 9.
Research Program, The Process, Effect and International Comparison of the Reform of China’s Foreign Trade System, Beijing: University of International Business and Economics Press, 2007.
- 10.
Wu Chengming, Dong Zhikai, Economic Histor y of the People’s Republic of China (Volume 1), Beijing: China Financial & Economic Publishing House, 2001.
- 11.
Overseas Chinese letter mailing: Also known as “Overseas Chinese Communication Bureau”, which is a private financial sector specially operating the letter mailing business of overseas Chinese, generally located where overseas Chinese are concentrated.
- 12.
Dong Zhikai, A Difficult Start to Edge into the International Market, Beijing: Economy & Management Publishing House, 1993.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 Social Sciences Academic Press
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pei, C., Wang, W. (2022). A Centralized Management System, 1949–1952. In: China’s Foreign Trade. Research Series on the Chinese Dream and China’s Development Path. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5703-1_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5703-1_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-19-5702-4
Online ISBN: 978-981-19-5703-1
eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceEconomics and Finance (R0)