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Gut Microbiome and Diet: Promising Approach for Treatment of Cognitive Impairment

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Gut Microbiome in Neurological Health and Disorders

Part of the book series: Nutritional Neurosciences ((NN))

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Abstract

Human gastrointestinal microbiota is a key regulator of the brain and behavior in both healthy and disordered conditions. Neurotransmitters, change in the intestinal barrier and enteric sensors, bacteria-derived short-chain fatty acids, and immune regulators support in bidirectional cross-talk between brain and gut. Gut microbiota and their derived metabolites elicit host immune response by inducing cytokines and chemokine production, which further cause inflammation in the central nervous system and associated with the pathogenesis of brain disorders for instance pain, anxiety, depression, and age-associated neurodegenerative disorders with cognitive impairment. An increase in proinflammatory microbes and a decrease in anti-inflammatory microbes in the microbiome cause gut dysbiosis and strongly reflected in numerous disease conditions including neurological diseases with cognitive impairment. The treatment availability of these diseases is limited. Here, in this chapter, we are discussing different ways to improve gut microbiome comprising high-fiber diet, probiotics, genetically modified probiotic bacteria (GMP), fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and physical workout and exploring their therapeutic potential to cure neurological diseases including cognitive impairment.

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Acknowledgments

Critical reading and suggestions to improve the chapter by Dr. Pradeep Kumar, Ms. Chiara Mazzoni, and Ms. Avital Cher are highly appreciated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel

    Awakash Soni

  2. Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel

    Priya Gupta

  3. Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben Gurion University of Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel

    Ankit Verma

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  1. Awakash Soni
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Clinical Research Division, School of Basic and Applied Science, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Amit Kumar Tripathi

  2. Personal Care Division – Health and Hygiene, ITC Life Sciences and Technology Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    Malini Kotak

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Soni, A., Gupta, P., Verma, A. (2022). Gut Microbiome and Diet: Promising Approach for Treatment of Cognitive Impairment. In: Tripathi, A.K., Kotak, M. (eds) Gut Microbiome in Neurological Health and Disorders. Nutritional Neurosciences. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4530-4_12

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