Skip to main content

Location Choice Analysis for Transit Oriented Development (TOD): A Case Study of Kolkata

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of Transportation Research Group of India (CTRG 2021)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering ((LNCE,volume 271))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) has emerged as an essential planning tool for transport planners around the world. The promising results expected from TOD can only be materialized if the frameworks for its implementation are in place. This study is an attempt to address a part of this gap by analyzing the concept of TOD in the Indian context and developing a methodology for the initial selection of sites. The selection of sites that has the potential to be developed as a TOD was conducted using the Geographical Information System (GIS) analysis for the case city of Kolkata. The analysis is based on factors like growth centers, population density, transportation network, metro rail ridership, and experts’ opinion. Two different types of sites, namely, ‘Esplanade’ and ‘Newtown/Rajarhat’ were derived from the proposed methodology. The study concludes by critiquing these sites based on spatial analysis and secondary data.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. United Nations (2014) World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision, Highlights. United Nations

    Google Scholar 

  2. Government of India. Draft Concept Note on Smart City Scheme (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Taubenböck H, Wegmann M, Roth A, Mehl H, Dech S (2009) Urbanization in India—spatiotemporal analysis using remote sensing data. Comput Environ Urban Syst 33(3):179–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2008.09.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (2016) MoRTH Annual Report 2016–17

    Google Scholar 

  5. NUTP (2014) Ministry of Urban Development, G. of I. National Urban Transport Policy, 2014. NUTP (2014) ‘National Urban Transport Policy, 2014’, pp 1–39. Available at: www.iutindia.org

  6. TCI, and IIM Calcutta (2014) Operational Efficiency of Freight Transportation by Road in India. 3rd Edn

    Google Scholar 

  7. Mukhopadhyay K, Forssell O (2005) An empirical investigation of air pollution from fossil fuel combustion and its impact on health in India during 1973–1974 to 1996–1997. Ecol Econ 55(2):235–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.09.022

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Li J (2011) Decoupling urban transport from GHG emissions in Indian cities-a critical review and perspectives. Energy Policy 39(6):3503–3514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.03.049

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Tiwari G (2002) Urban transport priorities. Cities 19(2):95–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0264-2751(02)00004-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Ministry of urban Development (2008) Study on Traffic and Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India

    Google Scholar 

  11. MoUD (2008) Study on traffic and transportation policies and strategies in urban areas in India, Final Report. Ministry of Urban Development, No. May, 2008, pp 1–149

    Google Scholar 

  12. TERI (2021) Impact of Covid-19 on Urban Mobility in India : Evidence From a Perception

    Google Scholar 

  13. Ewing R, Cervero R (2010) Travel and the built environment. J Am Plann Assoc 76(3):265–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944361003766766

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Bae C-H (2002) Orenco Station, Portland, Oregon: a successful transit oriented development experiment? Transport Quarter 56(3)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Parker T, McKeever M, Arrington GB, Smith-Heimer J, Brinckerhoff P (2002) Statewide transit-oriented development study: factors for success in California

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kamruzzaman M, Baker D, Washington S, Turrell G (2014) Advance transit oriented development typology: case study in Brisbane, Australia. J Transp Geogr 34:54–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.11.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Cervero R, Murakami J (2009) Rail and property development in Hong Kong: experiences and extensions. Urban Stud 46(10):2019–2043. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098009339431

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Cascetta E, Pagliara F (2016) Rail friendly transport and land-use policies: the case of the regional metro system of Naples and Campania. In: Transit oriented development, Routledge, pp 69–84

    Google Scholar 

  19. Higgins CD, Kanaroglou PS (2016) A latent class method for classifying and evaluating the performance of station area transit-oriented development in the Toronto region. J Transp Geogr 52:61–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2016.02.012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Calthorpe P (1993) In: The next American metropolis: ecology, community, and the American dream. Princeton Architectural Press

    Google Scholar 

  21. Dittmar H, Ohland G (2012) The new transit town: best practices in transit-oriented development. Island Press

    Google Scholar 

  22. Ministry of Urban Development (2016) TOD Guidance Document

    Google Scholar 

  23. Curtis C, Renne JL, Bertolini L (2009) Transit oriented development making in happening

    Google Scholar 

  24. Renne JL (2017) Make rail (and transit-oriented development) great again. Hous Policy Debate 27(3):472–475. https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2017.1298213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Bertolini L (1999) Spatial development patterns and public transport: the application of an analytical model in the Netherlands. Plan Pract Res 14(2):199–210. https://doi.org/10.1080/02697459915724

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Reusser DE, Loukopoulos P, Stauffacher M, Scholz RW (2008) Classifying railway stations for sustainable transitions—balancing node and place functions. J Transp Geogr 16(3):191–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2007.05.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Zemp S, Stauffacher M, Lang DJ, Scholz RW (2011) Classifying railway stations for strategic transport and land use planning: context matters! J Transp Geogr 19(4):670–679. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2010.08.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Song Y, Knaap GJ (2007) Quantitative classification of neighbourhoods: the neighbourhoods of new single-family homes in the Portland metropolitan area. J Urban Des 12(1):1–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/13574800601072640

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Kotharkar R, Bahadure P, Sarda N (2014) Measuring compact urban form: a case of Nagpur City. India. Sustainability (Switzerland) 6(7):4246–4272. https://doi.org/10.3390/su6074246

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. NUTP (2014) National urban transport policy, pp 1–39

    Google Scholar 

  31. Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs. Press Information Bureau GOI (2017) pp 3–4

    Google Scholar 

  32. Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (2017) National Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Policy, pp 1–18

    Google Scholar 

  33. Economic Times (2021) Delhi Development Authority Identifies 12 Transport Hubs to Be Developed under Transit Oriented Policy—The Economic Times. March 21

    Google Scholar 

  34. CEPT, and UMTC (2011) Integrated Mobility Plan for Greater Ahmedabad Region

    Google Scholar 

  35. BMRCL (2019) Bengaluru Transit Oriented Development Policy. Govt of Karnataka

    Google Scholar 

  36. Bob BK, O’Connor B, Virginia JR, Ernest JH (2030) Melbourne 2030: planning rhetoric versus urban reality—Monash University. Monash University ePress

    Google Scholar 

  37. Staley S (2010) Transit-oriented development leads to “Undesirable” neighborhood changereason foundation. Reason Foundation

    Google Scholar 

  38. EPA Office of Sustainable Communities (2013) Infrastructure Financing Options for Transit-Oriented Development. pp 1–107

    Google Scholar 

  39. World Bank (2018) Tod Implementation Resources & Tools Supported by Global Platform for Sustainable Cities (GPSC)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Papa E, Bertolini L (2015) Accessibility and transit-oriented development in European metropolitan areas. J Transp Geogr 47:70–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2015.07.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Kong W, Pojani D (2017) Transit-oriented street design in Beijing. J Urban Des 22(3):388–410. https://doi.org/10.1080/13574809.2016.1271700

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Singh YJ (2015) Measuring transit-oriented development (TOD) at regional and local scales : a planning support tool. (Doctoral Dissertation)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Thomas R, Bertolini L (2014) Beyond the case study dilemma in urban planning: using a meta-matrix to distil critical success factors in transit-oriented development. Urban Policy Res 2. 32:219–237. https://doi.org/10.1080/08111146.2014.882256

  44. Zhang M (2007) Chinese edition of transit-oriented development. Transport Res Record: J Transport Res Board 2038:120–127. https://doi.org/10.3141/2038-16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Furlan R, Almohannadi M (2016) Light rail transit and land use in Qatar: an integrated planning strategy for Al-Qassar’S Tod. Int J Architect Res Raffaello Furlan 10(170):170–192. http://www.archnet-ijar.net/index.php/IJAR/article/view/1020/pdf

  46. Singh YJ, Lukman A, Flacke J, Zuidgeest M, Van Maarseveen MFAM (2017) Measuring TOD around transit nodes—towards TOD policy. Transp Policy 56(March):96–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2017.03.013

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Cervero R, Day J (2008) Suburbanization and transit-oriented development in China. Transp Policy 15(5):315–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2008.12.011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Ministry of Urban Development (2016) Transit Oriented Development Guidance Document

    Google Scholar 

  49. Sung H, Oh JT (2011) Transit-oriented development in a high-density city: identifying its association with transit ridership in Seoul Korea. Cities 28(1):70–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2010.09.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. IDFC (2008) Comprehensive Mobility Plan Back to Basics

    Google Scholar 

  51. Chakrabartty A, Gupta S (2014) Traffic congestion in the metropolitan city of Kolkata. J Infrastruct Developm 6(1):43–59. https://doi.org/10.1177/0974930614543046

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority. Perspective Plan of KMA: 2025 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  53. World Research Institute (WRI) (2014) Transit Oriented Development Manual. Delhi TOD policy & Regulations Interpretation

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kuldeep Kavta .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 Transportation Research Group of India

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Kavta, K., Manoj, B.S., Srivastava, N., Goswami, A.K., Matsumara, S. (2023). Location Choice Analysis for Transit Oriented Development (TOD): A Case Study of Kolkata. In: Devi, L., Das, A., Sahu, P.K., Basu, D. (eds) Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of Transportation Research Group of India. CTRG 2021. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 271. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3505-3_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3505-3_17

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-19-3504-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-19-3505-3

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics