Hardware Installation in Network Systems

Abstract

A complete information network system usually consists of hardware system and software system. The software system mainly includes operating system and communication protocol; the hardware system refers to the network channel used for data processing and information transmission, including the terminals/servers, communication mediums, network devices, etc.

A complete information network system usually consists of hardware system and software system. The software system mainly includes operating system and communication protocol; the hardware system refers to the network channel used for data processing and information transmission, including the terminals/servers, communication mediums, network devices, etc.

In the network of a general industrial park , the hardware system not only contains communication mediums, but also involves network devices such as switches, routers, access controllers (ACs), wireless access points (APs), firewalls, as well as various terminals and servers. This chapter will first introduce various network devices, lead the reader to understand the common network system, and then exemplify the common network equipment involved in the enterprise network with Huawei network devices. Finally, the reader will grasp the specific installation processes of various network devices in the network system one by one.

By the end of this chapter, you will

(1) Know the common network devices (2) Comprehend the functions of network devices (3) Get familiar with the structure of Huawei network devices

(4) Understand the precautions for network system installation (5) Master the installation processes of Huawei network devices

3.1 Hardware in Network Systems

At present, the mainstream network equipment manufacturers include Huawei, H3C, Cisco, Juniper, ZTE, Ruijie, Sangfor, etc. As a global-leading information and communications solutions provider, Huawei has developed a comprehensive product portfolio serving telecom operators, enterprises and consumers, and provides end-to-end solutions in telecom networks, terminals and cloud computing. This section will introduce Huawei’s different network devices, including routers, switches, ACs, wireless APs, firewalls, etc. Through the study of this section, reader will understand the structures and functions of a range of network devices, as well as the features of Huawei network devices.

3.1.1 Routers

The router in the TCP/IP protocol stack is responsible for data exchange and transmission at the network layer. In network communication, the router also shoulders the role of identifying network address and choosing IP path, to build a flexible connection system in multiple network environments and connect subnets through different data packets and medium access mode. As the hub connecting different networks, the router system constitutes the main vein of the TCP/IP-based Internet. You could even say that routers form the backbone of the Internet. However, the processing speed of router is one of the main bottlenecks of network communication, and router reliability directly affects the quality of network interconnection. Therefore, in the field of industrial park network, regional network and even the whole Internet, router technology is always in the core of research and development, and the course and direction of router development can be summarized as an epitome of the whole Internet research.

There are a wide variety of routers on the market. By location in the network and function, routers can be roughly divided into access routers, convergence routers, core routers, etc.; and by style and profile, they can be further divided into case-shaped routers (see Fig. 3.1) and chassis-shaped routers (see Fig. 3.2).

Fig. 3.1

Case-shaped routers

Fig. 3.2

Chassis-shaped routers

At present, Cisco, H3C, Huawei, etc. constitute the mainstream router manufacturers. Cisco RV260 VPN Router, as an access router, is designed for small- and medium-sized enterprises. H3C MSR 5600 Series Routers adopt the non-blocking switching architecture, which are a type of convergence router helpful for improving the concurrent processing capacity of multiple services. H3C SR8800 Series Routers allow flexible scalability by virtue of multi-slot performance to meet the needs from different locations in the network.

The following will be a detailed introduction of the types and functions of Huawei routers.

• 1. Case-shaped routers

  Taking AR series routers as an example, the case-shaped routers are developed by Huawei for large- and medium-sized enterprises and small office home offices (SOHO). The AR1200 Series Routers are deployed at the connection between the internal network and external network of the enterprise, as the only passageway for the data flow between the internal and external network, as shown in Fig. 3.3. This series enables multiple service networks to be deployed on the same equipment, which greatly saves the initial investment and long-term operation and maintenance costs of network construction.

  The AR Series, as case-shaped routers, adopts the non-blocking switching architecture with multi-core CPU, and integrates Wi-Fi, voice security and other functions, which can be applied to the multiservice routers for small- and medium-sized offices or enterprise branches. With its flexible scalability, the AR1200 Series Routers can provide customers with flexible networking capabilities with full functions. The appearance of AR1200 routers is shown in Fig. 3.4, and the explanation is detailed in Table 3.1.

• 2. Chassis-shaped routers

  Huawei NetEngine 8000 Routers is a chassis-shaped router series introduced by Huawei, as shown in Fig. 3.5. It is a high-end Ethernet oriented network product profile that focuses on the access, convergence and transmission of metropolitan Ethernet services. Based on hardware forwarding mechanism and non-blocking switching technology, it adopts the Versatile Routing Platform (VRP) independently developed by Huawei to achieve carrier-level reliability, full-line speed forwarding capacity, perfect QoS management mechanism, powerful service processing capacity and good scalability. In addition, thanks to strong network access, Layer 2 switching and EOMPLS transmission capabilities, and the convergence of a wide range of interface types, it has the ability to access broadband, provide fixed-line triple-play services that integrate voice, video, and data, as well as IP dedicated line and VPN services. Together with the NE, CX and ME series developed by Huawei, NetEngine 8000 builds a well-structured metropolitan Ethernet network with richer business capabilities.

  Huawei NetEngine 8000 M8 chassis-shaped routers have the following features.

  • (a) Large capacity. The NetEngine 8000 M8 has a maximum switching capacity of 1.2 Tbit/s and can be smoothly evolved to 2 Tbit/s to accommodate future traffic growth. Its multiple types of business interfaces can meet the different needs (100GE/50GE/40GE/25GE/10GE/GE/CPOS/E1/POS).

  • (b) Small profile. The deep 220 mm chassis can be flexibly deployed, with low power consumption. The compact design allows it to take up less space in the equipment room, easy to fit the 300 mm cabinet.

  • (c) High reliability. Key component control, forwarding, power redundancy backup and other functions ensure the high reliability of multi-service access. SRV6 support simplifies network configuration, making it possible to more simple VPN implementation. Based on full compatibility with existing IPv6 networks, normal IPv6 forwarding can be achieved even if MPLS forwarding is not supported on the node. Efficient protection of fast reroute (FRR) facilitates traffic tuning of the IPv6 forwarding path.

  • (d) Better scalability. The EVPN extended to BGP moves the MAC address learning and publishing process between the two layer networks from the data plane to the control plane. The load-sharing function optimizes the rational utilization of network resources and reduces network congestion. The series supports the deployment of route reflectors on the public network to avoid the deployment of full connections between PE devices on the public network and reduce the number of logical connections. It also helps reduce network resource consumption caused by ARP broadcast traffic.

Fig. 3.3

Huawei AR1200 Series Routers

Fig. 3.4

Appearance of Huawei AR1200 Series Routers

Table 3.1 Appearance explanation of Huawei AR1200 Series Routers

Fig. 3.5

Huawei NetEngine 8000 chassis-shaped routers

3.1.2 Switches

Switch is an important equipment in computer network. The switches mentioned in this section are Ethernet switches. In their early days, Ethernets were half duplex networks with shared bus lines. The birth of switch realized full duplex communication, and the automatic learning of MAC address brought by it greatly improved the efficiency of data forwarding. Early switches operated at the data link layer of the TCP/IP model and were therefore called layer 2 switches. Later, the layer 3 switches realized the data forwarding across network segments. The development of technology is constantly strengthening the functions of switches, including supporting wireless, supporting IPv6, programmability and other functions.

Switch types from various manufacturers emerge in an endless stream. Generally speaking, by network structure, switches can be divided into access layer switches, convergence layer switches and core layer switches; by layer of TCP/IP model on which they based, they can be divided into layer 2 switches and layer 3switches; and by appearance, case-shaped switches and chassis-shaped switches. At present, the mainstream switch manufacturers include Cisco, H3C, Huawei, etc. The switches provided by Cisco and H3C are shown in Figs. 3.6 and 3.7, respectively. Cisco Catalyst 3650 Series supports both standalone and stacked deployments, while Catalyst 9300 is a stacked series. H3C S5800-56C-EI-M is a case-shaped switch series, while the S10500X is for chassis-shaped switches. Huawei has launched a complete range of switches, covering all types of switches for all layer. Now we will go into more detail below.

• 1. Case-shaped switches

  Huawei case-shaped switch switches are represented by S-Series Ethernet switches. Huawei CloudEngine S5731-S Ethernet Switches shown in Fig. 3.8 are case-shaped switches. As a new generation of Gigabit access switches launched by Huawei, the series is based on Huawei’s unified VRP software platform. Thanks to the enhanced layer-3 feature, simple operation and maintenance, intelligent iStack, flexible Ethernet networking, mature IPv6 features and other characteristics, they are widely used for access and convergence in industrial parks, access to data centers and other application scenarios.

  The S-Series is equipped with a centralized hardware platform, whose hardware system consists of case, power supply, fan, plug-in card and switch control unit (SCU). An example of this is the S5731-S24T4X Switch, as shown in Fig. 3.9, whose components are listed in Table 3.2.

  The interfaces are described below.

  • (a) 10/100/1000BASE-T Ethernet electrical interface: adopts the RJ-45 connector; mainly used for receiving and sending of 10 Mb/100 Mb/Gigabit services; used with network cables.

  • (b) 10GE SFP+ Ethernet optical interface: adopts the LC/PC connector; supports 1000 Mbit/s self-adaption; mainly used for receiving and sending of Gigabit/10-Gigabit services.

  • (c) Console port: adopts the RJ-45 connector; used for connecting the console; conforms to RS-233 standard; supports field configuration; used with the console communication cable. When first powered on, the device needs to be configured through the Console port.

  • (d) ETH management interface: adopts the RJ-45 connector; used for configuring the interface connection of terminals or network management workstations, and building on-site and remote configuration environment; used with network cables. Under the Bootload menu, you can select the ETH management interface to load the software version package. Its transmission rate is faster than that of the Console port.

  • (e) USB interface: used with USB flash disk; used for site deployment, configuration file transfer, file upgrading, etc. The USB flash disk should support USB 2.0 standard.

• 2. Chassis-shaped switches

  Huawei CloudEngine S12700E Switches shown in Fig. 3.10 are chassis-shaped switches. They are the flagship core switches launched by Huawei for the Intent-Driven Network (IDN), featuring high-quality massive switching capacity, deep integration of wired and wireless networks, full-stack opening and smooth upgrade. They can help customers transform from the traditional park network to the business experience-oriented IDN Park, and provide three versions, with 4, 8 and 12 different business slots respectively, to satisfy customers of different scales with the park network deployment. The CloudEngine S12700E Series Switches have the following features.

  • (a) Super performance. They are equipped with an exchange capacity up to 57.6 Tbit/s and compatible with 288 × 100GE port, and supports 10 K AP management, nearly twice as much as standalone AC management, and 50 K multi-client concurrency access.

  • (b) Super high reliability. The distributed switching architecture separates the main control network board and the switching network board, achieving the carrier-grade service reliability above 99.999%. The switching network board can be configured on demand to support flexible capacity expansion. Thanks to the independent fan module design, redundant backup and intelligent speed regulation, any single fan module failure will not affect the normal operation of the equipment. The innovative cell switching technology based on dynamic load balancing algorithm enables non-blocking switching in high concurrency and full load working environment.

  • (c) Agility and opening. Based on fully programmable chips, new services and new features can be realized through software programming without hardware upgrading, which accelerates business monetization. According to statistics, by 2020, this switch series has completed docking and verification with 10 proprietary protocols, more than 400 network devices and more than 30 authentication/network management systems launched by mainstream manufacturers, helping smooth network upgrade.

Fig. 3.6

Cisco switches

Fig. 3.7

H3C switches

Fig. 3.8

Huawei CloudEngine S5731-S Ethernet Switch

Fig. 3.9

S5731-S24T4X Switch

Table 3.2 Components of 3-2 S5731-S24T4X Switch

Fig. 3.10

Huawei CloudEngine S12700E Switches

3.1.3 WLAN devices

Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) refers to the network system that interconnects computer devices through wireless communication technology, which can communicate with each other and realize resource sharing. WLAN has abandoned the use of communication cables to connect the computer with the network, but takes wireless connection to make the network construction and terminal movement more flexible. It uses the radio frequency (RF) technology to replace the traditional wired cables with the wireless electromagnetic waves in the short-distance communication, so as to build the wireless local area network. Huawei WLAN equipment adopts simple storage architecture, so that users can experience the ideal realm of “portable information”. In general, the common networking architecture of WLAN system consists of ACs and wireless APs.

• 1. ACs

  The access control device of WLAN is responsible for gathering data from different APs and accessing the Internet, plus the control functions such as AP configuration management, wireless user authentication and management, broadband access and security. Meanwhile, they also manage the APs in the wireless network in a certain area. H3C WX2500H Series ACs are gateway wireless controllers, as shown in Fig. 3.11. It provides a variety of services, integrating fine user control and management, perfect RF resource management, 24/7 wireless security management and control, fast Layer 2 and Layer 3 roaming, flexible QoS control, IPv4/IPv6 dual stack and other functions into one, and presents a powerful wired and wireless integrated access capability.

  Figure 3.12 shows Ruijie RG-WS7208-A Multiservice Wireless AC, which can implement intensive centralized visual management and control for wireless network, and significantly alleviate the implementation difficulties and complex deployment issues of wireless network. By coordinating with RG-SNC, an unified management platform for wired and wireless devices, and wireless APs, it can flexibly control the configuration of wireless APs, optimize the RF coverage effect and performance, and reduce deployment of devices in the network.

  AC6600 Series Wireless ACs from Huawei, provide wireless data control featuring large capacity, high performance, high reliability, ease to install, and ease to maintain, with flexible networking, energy saving and other advantages. Its appearance is shown in Fig. 3.13, whose interfaces are introduced in Table 3.3.

  Huawei AC6600 Series Wireless AC has the following features and functions:

  • (a) Integrates access and convergence functions;

  • (b) Provides power supply capability of POE (15.4 W) or POE + (30 W) through 24 interfaces, which can directly access wireless APs;

  • (c) Provides rich and flexible user policy management and authority control capabilities;

  • (d) No matter in AC or DC, supports double power backup and hot plug, to ensure long time trouble-free operation of equipment;

  • (e) Support equipment maintenance through the network management system eSight, Web network management system, and command line interface (CLI).

• 2. APs

  As the bridge of communication between wireless network and wired network, wireless AP is the core equipment for building WLAN. It provides the mutual access between wireless workstations (i.e. wireless mobile terminal devices) and WLAN. In WLAN, it plays the role as the transmitting base station in mobile communication network, so that wireless workstations within the AP signal coverage can communicate with each other through it.

  Ruijie RG-AP320-I Wireless AP is shown in Fig. 3.14. It adopts dual-channel dual-frequency design and supports simultaneous operation in the IEEE 802.11a/n and IEEE 802.11b/g/n modes. The product is designed for wall-mounted installation, which can be safely and conveniently mounted on walls, on ceilings or at other positions. The RG-AP320-I enables users to choose between local power supply and remote PoE according to the field power supply environment, especially suitable for large-scale campus, corporate office, hospital, commercial hot spot and other scenarios.

  TP-Link TL-AP301C 300 M Wireless AP, as shown in Fig. 3.15, supports 11 N wireless technology and 300Mbit/s wireless transmission. With its miniaturized design and flexible deployment, it can be easily mounted on the ceilings or walls or placed on the desktop. Thanks to the passive POE and integrated advantages of fat AP and fit AP, it can choose different working modes in different environments. Its wireless transmission power is linearly adjustable, and users can adjust the signal coverage as needed. Independent hardware protection circuit can automatically restore the AP working abnormally, supporting remote view/management on TP-Link commercial cloud application.

  The AP7050DE is a new-generation technology-leading wireless AP released by Huawei, which supports IEEE 802.11ac Wave 2 standard. It enables wireless network bandwidth beyond Gigabit and supports 4 × 4 MU-MIMO and 4 spatial streams at a maximum rate of 2.53 Gbit/s. The built-in smart antenna realizes the smooth transition between IEEE 802.11n and IEEE 802.11ac standards, ideal for satisfying the quality requirements of high-definition video streaming, multimedia, desktop cloud applications and other large bandwidth services in colleges and universities, large-scale campus and other scenarios. Its appearance is shown in Fig. 3.16, whose interfaces are introduced in Table 3.4.

  Huawei AP7050DE Wireless AP has the following features:

  • (a) Supports IEEE 802.11ac Wave 2 standard and MU-MIMO; provides 2.4GHz and 5GHz RFs, with the former reaching 800 Mbit/s, the latter reaching 1.73 Gbit/s, and the maximum access rate of the whole device reaching 2.53 Gbit/s;

  • (b) Adopts the smart antenna array for the precise directional coverage of the mobile terminal, which reduces the interference while improving the signal quality, and supports millisecond-level switching with the movement of the user terminal;

  • (c) Provides built-in Bluetooth to achieve the precise positioning of Bluetooth terminals in cooperation with eSight;

  • (d) Supports link aggregation with dual Ethernet interface, ensuring link reliability while enhancing service load balancing capability;

  • (e) Provides USB interface for external power supply or storage;

  • (f) Supports fat AP, fit AP and cloud AP;

  • (g) Supports cloud management for managing, operating and maintaining wireless AP devices and services through Huawei SDN controller, so as to save network operation and maintenance costs.

Fig. 3.11

H3C WX2500H AC

Fig. 3.12

Ruijie RG-WS7208-A Multiservice Wireless AC

Fig. 3.13

Huawei AC6600 Series Wireless AC

Table 3.3 Introduction to interfaces of Huawei AC6600 Series Wireless AC

Fig. 3.14

Ruijie RG-AP320-I Wireless AP

Fig. 3.15

TP-Link TL-AP301C 300 M Wireless AP

Fig. 3.16

Huawei AP7050DE Wireless AP

Table 3.4 Introduction to interfaces of Huawei AP7050DE Wireless AP

3.1.4 Firewalls

With the development of network, an endless stream of new applications bring more convenience to people’s network life, and more security risks at the same time.

• 1. IP address is not equal to user identity. In the new network, it has become the simplest means of attack to use the legitimate IP address to launch the network attack by manipulating the botnet host, or to cheat and obtain the rights by forging and imitating the source IP address. Today, it is no longer possible to identify the network user who sent a message from its source IP address. At the same time, due to the emerging office forms such as telecommuting and mobile office, the IP address of the host used by the same user may change at any time, so the traffic control through IP address has been unable to meet the needs of modern network.

• 2. Ports and protocols are not equal to applications. Traditional network services always run on fixed ports, such as HTTP on Port 80 and FTP on Port 20 or 21. However, in the new network, more and more network applications are beginning to use unknown ports that are not explicitly assigned by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), or use randomly assigned ports (such as P2P). These applications tend to be difficult to control and abuse bandwidth, resulting in network congestion. Meanwhile, some well-known ports may be used to run very different services. The most typical situation is that, with the development of web technology, more and more services of different risk levels run on ports 80 and 443 under the banner of HTTP and HTTPS, such as web mail, web game, video website, web chat, etc.

• 3. Message is not equal to content. Single-packet detection mechanism can only analyze the security of a single message, and can not prevent the virus, Trojan horse and other network threats produced in a normal network access. Intranet hosts are now easy to inadvertently introduce worms, Trojans and other viruses from the Internet in the process of accessing the Internet, resulting in the disclosure of confidential enterprise data and huge losses to the property of enterprises. Therefore, in order to guarantee network security management, it is necessary for enterprises to deeply identify and monitor the real content of traffic transmission on the basis of controlling the source and purpose of traffic.

In response to new threats to new networks, the next generation of firewall products is emerging from various manufacturers. Cisco Firepower 4100 Firewalls, shown in Fig. 3.17, displays network dynamics in real time, enabling users to detect attacks earlier and take promptly action to reduce security risks.

Fig. 3.17

Cisco Firepower 4100 Firewalls

H3C SecPath F1000-AI Series Firewalls (see Fig. 3.18), as a high-performance multi-10-Gigabit firewall VPN integrated gateway product, is a 1 U standalone box firewall series based on multi-core processor architecture. This series provides rich interface expansion capabilities.

Fig. 3.18

H3C SecPath F1000-AI Series Firewalls

Huawei USG6300 Firewall is shown in Fig. 3.19, whose interfaces are introduced in Table 3.5. As a security gateway product designed and developed for small enterprises, market segments and chain businesses, it sets a variety of security capabilities in one to fully support multiple IPv4/IPv6 routing protocols, suitable for a range of network access scenarios. It features the following advantages.

• 1. Security functions: provides complete and comprehensive application identification and protection against threats to and attacks on the application layer by inheriting and developing traditional security functions.

• 2. Product performance: integrates the message content based on the same intelligent perception engine, with high detection performance that content that meets the processing requirements for all content security features can be extracted in a single inspection.

• 3. Control dimension: user + application + content + quintuple (source/destination IP address, source/destination port, and service).

• 4. Detection granularity: realizes stream-based cache-free integrated detection and real-time monitoring which, with only a small amount of system resources, can detect the applications, intrusion behavior and virus files in the fragmented/packet messages in real time, effectively improving the security of the whole network access process.

• 5. Support for cloud computing and data center: conduct comprehensive virtualization from three aspects of routing and forwarding, configuration management and security to provide perfect security protection for cloud computing and data center.

Huawei USG6300 Series Firewall provides the following interfaces.

• 1. The fixed interface board provides:

  • (a) 1 out-of-band management interface (RJ-45 interface)

  • (b) 1 Console port (RJ-45 interface)

  • (c) 1 USB 2.0 interface

  • (d) 2 GE photoelectric mutex interfaces

  • (e) 4 10 Mbit/s/100 Mbit/s/1000 Mbit/s self-adaptive Ethernet interface

• 2. The expansion slot is compatible with the expansion card as shown in Table 3.6.

  Huawei USG6300 Series Firewall provides the following interfaces.

  • (a) Powerful content security and protection functions. Perfect application-layer security capabilities based on in-depth application and content resolution constitute the biggest advantage of the next generation firewall products.

  • (b) Flexible user management. With the development of application protocols, IP address has lost the significance of representing the real identity of network users, which leads to many security risks. However, the user-based management can effectively solve these problems.

  • (c) Perfect traditional firewall security functions. Huawei USG6000 completely inherits the network layer protection function of the traditional firewall. These security mechanisms are simple but efficient, thus effectively dealing with the network layer threats.

  • (d) Fine traffic management. Despite the rapid development of network services, network bandwidth cannot expand indefinitely. Therefore, if necessary, administrators need to manage the bandwidth occupancy of traffic, limit the bandwidth occupancy of low-priority network services, and provide guarantee for high-priority network services.

  • (e) Comprehensive support to routing and switching protocols. Huawei USG6000 provides comprehensive routing and switching protocol support, which can well adapt to a variety of network environments and deployment requirements.

  • (f) Intelligent route selection strategy. When multiple export links exist, Huawei USG6000 can dynamically select the outbound interface through intelligent routing strategy to ensure that traffic is forwarded according to the preset strategy, so as to improve the utilization rate of link resources and improve the user’s Internet experience.

  • (g) Leading IPv6 support. Huawei USG6000 provides comprehensive support for the next generation IP network technology—IPv6, which meets various IPv6 networking modes and effectively protect the security of IPv6 network.

  • (h) Multiple VPN access methods. VPN technology makes it possible to build cheap and secure private networks, and plays an important role in modern enterprise networks. The varied VPN access methods enabled by Huawei USG6000 expand the network boundary for enterprises and meet various private network requirements.

  • (i) Stable high-reliable mechanism. The influence of network on enterprises has reached the degree that its normal operation directly affects the profits of enterprises, especially for the network information, network communication and e-commerce enterprises that rely on the network to carry out services. Therefore, it is critical to ensure the stability and high reliability of network equipment.

  • (j) An easy-to-use virtual system. A virtual system logically divides a physical device into multiple independent virtual devices, and equip each of them with its own administrator, routing table, and security policy.

  • (k) Visual equipment management and maintenance. Based on the new design and improved web interface provided by Huawei USG6000, administrators can easily carry out an array of operations such as initial deployment, configuration, maintenance, fault diagnosis, status monitoring, update and upgrade of equipment on the web interface.

  • (l) Abundant logs and reports. Logging and reporting are one of the key links in device management, which provide the conditions for network administrators to record and track the events that occur in the long run of the equipment.

    Enterprises can gain the following benefits from Huawei USG6300 Series Firewalls.

  • (a) The original employee management system of the enterprise (such as active directory users) can be well inherited to realize user-based traffic detection and control.

  • (b) The latest network threats can be dealt with through a single equipment of high integration and high performance, which greatly saves the purchase, maintenance and management costs of network security equipment.

  • (c) Efficient “single detection” mechanism can upgrade the enterprise network security while avoiding obvious delay or other effects on the normal transmission of network traffic, so as to ensure the normal network experience.

  • (d) Visual management of applications and content can significantly improve the management efficiency of enterprises, and help the enterprises to increase profits by carrying out more network services in a safe environment.

Fig. 3.19

Huawei USG6300 Series Firewall

Table 3.5 Introduction to interfaces of Huawei USG6300 Series Firewall

Table 3.6 Expansion cards expansion card Huawei USG6300 Series Firewall

3.1.5 Network Management Equipment

The management of network devices such as routers and switches introduced above is accomplished by network management devices. Typical network management devices include Huawei’s eSight and iMaster NCE, and their corresponding hardware devices are servers.

• 1. eSight

  eSight is an integrated operation and maintenance management solution launched by Huawei for enterprise data centers, campus/branch networks, unified communications, video conferencing, and video surveillance. Through the unified management of the whole network equipment, it provides automatic deployment, visual fault diagnosis, intelligent capacity analysis and other functions for enterprises’ ICT equipment, which can effectively help enterprises improve the efficiency of operation and maintenance, improve the utilization rate of resources, reduce the cost of operation and maintenance, and ensure the stable operation of the ICT system. It features the following characteristics.

  • (a) Unified management of the whole network equipment.

    • (i) Supports the unified management of servers, storage, virtualization, switches, routers, WLAN, firewalls, ELTE terminal equipment, base stations, business engines, equipment room facilities, unified communication, telepresence, video monitoring, application systems, etc.

    • (ii) Pre-integrates the capability to manage other non-Huawei equipment such as those from HP, Cisco and H3C.

    • (iii) Customizes quick access based on visual wizards for devices not pre-integrated.

  • (b) Componentized architecture.

    eSight adopts a componentized architecture, that is, on the unified eSight management platform, providing a rich variety of components for customers to choose according to their own circumstances.

  • (c) Independent equipment adaptation.

    The extension point mechanism used by eSight delivers incremental development of features and network element version adapter packs, allowing new features to be added or new devices to be adapted without modifying the original distribution code. When there is a new feature that needs to be supported, you just need to develop a new feature plug-in pack and deploy it to the system; and when there is a new device, you only need to add a new adapter pack.

  • (d) Lightweight and web-based design.

    eSight adopts the B/S architecture that frees the customers from the installation of any plug-in and enables access anytime and anywhere. When the system is upgraded or maintained, only the server software needs to be updated, which simplifies the system maintenance and upgrade and reduces the overall cost for the customers.

  • (e) Security and protection.

    Considering the network security issues and the characteristics of enterprise operation and maintenance, eSight provides comprehensive security protection solutions.

    • (i) Platform security: The system reinforcement, security patches and anti-virus means, by improving the security level of the operating system and database, ensures the security and reliability of the platform.

    • (ii) Application security: It delivers solutions including transmission security, user management, session management, log management, etc.

• 2. iMaster NCE

  The iMaster NCE Autonomous Network Management and Control System provides an efficient connection between the physical network and the commercial intent. It, downstream, realizes centralized management, control and analysis of the global network, cloud-based resources and full-lifecycle automation for businesses and business intent, and intelligent closed loop driven by data analysis; and for the upstream, it empowers fast integration between open API and IT. iMaster NCE is mainly used in 5G bearer, IP metropolitan area network (MAN)/backbone network, quality optical dedicated line, quality broadband, data center, enterprise campus and other scenarios, aiming to create a simpler, smarter, open and secure network to accelerate the business transformation and innovation of enterprises and operators. As the industry’s first network automation and intelligence platform integrating management, control, analysis and AI, iMaster NCE has the following features.

  • (a) Full-lifecycle automation

    On the basis of unified resource modeling and data sharing services, it provides full-lifecycle automation across multiple network technology domains to realize device plug-and-play, network swap-and-pass, business self-service, fault self-healing and risk pre-warning.

  • (b) Intelligent closed loop based on big data and AI

    It builds a complete intelligent closed-loop system based on four sub-engines: intention, automation, analysis and intelligence. With Telemetry-based acquisition and aggregation of massive network data, iMaster NCE achieves real-time cyberspace situation awareness and builds big data-based global network analysis and insight through unified data modeling. It built into the architecture Huawei’s AI algorithms based on 30 years of telecoms experience, which realizes the automated, closed-loop analysis, prediction and decision making for user intent, so as to solve problems before customer complaints, reduce business interruption and customer impact, improve customer satisfaction, and continue to improve the intelligent level of the network.

  • (c) Scenarialized APP ecology enabled by open programmability

    iMaster NCE provides a programmable integrated development environment, namely Design Studio, and developer community for docking with third-party network controllers or network devices in the south, and fast integration with cloud-based AI training platform and IT applications in the north. In addition, it also endows users with the freedom to choose Huawei Apps, or develop Apps independently or with the support of third-party system integrators.

  • (d) A full-cloud platform with large capacity

    Based on the cloud-based architecture derived from the Cloud Native, iMaster NCE supports operating in both private and public clouds, as well as on-premise deployment. Thanks to its large capacity and scalability, it also provides the world’s largest system capacity and user access capacity, which enables the network to transform from the offline mode of data decentralization and multi-level operation and maintenance to the online mode where data sharing and process connection are enabled.

    As a product built on a unified cloud-based platform, iMaster NCE provides a series of solutions for different application scenarios such as 5G bearer, optical network, IP MAN/backbone network, IP+ optical cross-layer collaboration, quality broadband, home network, data center, campus network, etc. IMaster NCE provides multiple feature module packages according to application scenarios, forming a product portfolio for customers to choose as needed. Among them, NCE-Super is suitable for 2B dedicated line, IP+ optical collaboration, cloud-network collaboration and other scenarios; NCE-IP is suitable for IP MAN/backbone network scenarios; NCE-T, for transmission networking scenarios such as backbone network, MAN and enterprise access; NCE-FAN, for home broadband access, home network and other scenarios; NCE-Fabric, for cloud data center scenarios; and NCE-Campus, for campus networking scenarios. The management, control and analysis modules of iMaster NCE can be deployed independently. It is not mandatory for customers to deploy all of them. Instead, different modules can be selected for different application scenarios.

• 3. Servers

  The following will focus on the servers with eSight as an example. Table 3.7 lists eSight’s configuration requirements for servers.

  At present, mainstream servers are mainly from HP, Lenovo, Inspur, Huawei, etc., as shown in Fig. 3.20. Users can choose the server according to the configuration requirements of eSight network management software.

  Huawei provides RH2288H, Taishan 200 and other servers. For both RH2288H and Taishan 200 servers shown in Fig. 3.21, the versions with 12 hard disks are exemplified. The RH2288H V3 is a widely used 2 U2 rack server launched by Huawei for the needs of Internet, data center, cloud computing, enterprise market and telecom business applications. It is suitable for distributed storage, data mining, electronic photo album, video and other storage services, as well as basic enterprise applications and telecom business applications. It is equipped with an E5-2600 V3/V4 processor, supporting up to 22 cores per processor, and offers 24 DDR4 memory slots and 9 PCIe expansion slots. For local storage applications, it can be expanded from 8 hard disks to 28 hard disks, and supports 12 Gbit/s SAS technology, which can meet the high bandwidth transmission requirements of big data.

  Taishan 200 Server is a data center server based on Huawei Kunpeng 920 processor. The Model 2280 Server in this series is a 2U2 rack server. The server is oriented to the Internet, distributed storage, cloud computing, big data, enterprise business and other fields, presenting the advantages of high-performance computing, large-capacity storage, low energy consumption, easy management, easy deployment and so on. The system provides up to 128 cores and up to 27 SAS/SATA HDDs or SSDs, with computing power of 2.6 GHz.

  Let’s take the RH2288H V3 Server as an example to analyze the server’s appearance and architecture. The front panel of the RH2288H V3 (with 12 inch × 3.5 inch [approximately 30 cm × 9 cm] hard disks) is shown in Fig. 3.22, and the panel composition is shown in Table 3.8.

  The RH2288H V3 has a rear panel as shown in Fig. 3.23, whose components are introduced in Table 3.9.

Table 3.7 eSight’s configuration requirements for servers

Fig. 3.20

Servers from different manufacturers

Fig. 3.21

Appearance of Huawei Servers

Fig. 3.22

Front panel of the RH2288H V3 (with 12 inch × 3.5 inch [approximately 30 cm × 9 cm] hard disks)

Table 3.8 Panel composition of the RH2288H V3

Fig. 3.23

Rear panel of the RH2288H V3

Table 3.9 Rear panel composition of the RH2288H V3

3.2 Network System Installation

Before a network system is put into normal operation and provides services, it must undergo hardware installation, which includes installation preparation, equipment installation, board installation, cable connection and so on. This section describes the installation process of various network devices such as routers, switches, ACs/APs, firewalls, and servers.

3.2.1 Installation of Routers

Following the brief introduction of the classification of Huawei routers in Sect. 3.1.1, this section will introduce the installation specifications, methods and steps of AR Series case-shaped routers and NE Series chassis-shaped routers in detail. For the case-shaped routers, the AR1200 Series will be taken as an example, while the chassis-shaped routers will be introduced with the NE40E-X16 Series as an example.

• 1. Installation of case-shaped routers

  • (a) Installation preparation

    • (i) Read through safety precautions carefully.

      To protect personal safety and the safety of your router, please follow the signs on your router and any safety precautions in the manual when installing, operating and maintaining the router. Precautions and hazards shown in the manual do not cover all safety precautions to be followed, only as supplementary precautions. Staff responsible for installation, operation and maintenance of Huawei routers must receive strict training, understand various security precautions and master correct operation methods before they can implement the installation, operation and maintenance of routers.

    • (ii) Check the installation environment.

      Before installing a router, please check whether the installation environment meets the requirements to ensure the normal operation of the router. The checklist for installation environment inspection is shown in Table 3.10.

    • (iii) Check the cabinet.

      Before installing the router, please check whether the cabinet meets the requirements . The checklist for cabinet inspection is shown in Table 3.11.

    • (iv) Check the power condition.

      The requirements of the router for power conditions are shown in Table 3.12.

    • (v) Prepare installation tools.

      Installation tools to be prepared include ESD gloves, protective gloves, ESD wrist strap, snap-off knife, tape measure, marker pen, flat-head screwdriver, Phillips screwdriver , diagonal pliers, network tester, multimeter, percussion drill and adjustable wrench.

  • (b) Installation of the main body of the case-shaped router

    The AR1200 Series case-shaped routers are suitable for three installation scenarios: mounting to workbench, mounting to vertical plane, and installing into cabinet. The installation process for each scenario is described below.

    • (i) Scenario 1: mounting to workbench. The AR1200 Series routers are generally placed on a clean flat workbench. This method is relatively simple, just requires the installer to ensure the stability and good grounding of the workbench, and ensure a space of more than 50 mm around the router for heat dissipation. Never pile up sundries on the router. Prepare four adhesive pads.

      The steps are as follows.

      • Paste the four adhesive pads onto the circular embossing areas at the bottom of the router, as shown in Fig. 3.24.

      • Place the router on the workbench stably, as shown in Fig. 3.25.

    • (ii) Scenario 2: mounting to vertical plane. The router should be mounted with the interface facing down to prevent the router from water infiltration through the interface. The mounting screws should be tightened firmly and reliably, otherwise the router may fall down due to the tension when the cable is connected. Flammable and explosive items are prohibited under the router, and foreign objects are prohibited within 100 mm around the router. The router should be mounted at a height that facilitates the check of the indicator LEDs. Before drilling a hole into the wall, make sure there is no electrical circuit in the drilling area to avoid personal injury. Tools and accessories to be prepared include percussion drill, claw hammer, plastic expansion tubes and screws.

      The steps are as follows.

      • Position the two mounting holes on the wall with a steel tape measure and mark them with a marker pen. The two holes should be in a horizontal line, as shown in Fig. 3.26. The spacing of the mounting holes varies with the router models, which should be determined according to the actual situation.

      • Drill and mount the screws as shown in Fig. 3.27.

        • Choose the drill bit according to the outer diameter of the screw, and the outer diameter should not exceed 4 mm.

        • Knock the plastic expansion tubes into the mounting holes respectively with a claw hammer.

        • Align the screws to the plastic expansion tubes, and then screw them into the tubes using a Phillips screwdriver with 2 mm body of the screws left outside the wall.

      • Align the mounting holes on the back of the router with the screws to hang the router on the wall, as shown in Fig. 3.28.

    • (iii) Scenario 3: installing into cabinet. Before installation, the following points need to be confirmed: the cabinet is fixed; the place of the router is arranged in the cabinet; the router to be installed is prepared and placed close to the cabinet for easy handling. Tools and accessories to be prepared include floating nuts, mounting ears, M4 screws and M6 screws.

      The steps are as follows.

      • Fix the mounting ears to both sides of the router with a Phillips screwdriver and M4 screws, adjacent to the front or rear panel of the router, as shown in Fig. 3.29.

      • Install four floating nuts on the front mounting bars of the cabinet, with two for each of the left and right side, and the upper and lower nuts are spaced by one mounting hole. The holes on the mounting bars are not all spaced 1 U apart. So attention should be paid to identifying and referring to the scale on the bars. The floating nut can be installed with a flat-head screwdriver, as shown in Fig. 3.30.

      • Install the router into the cabinet.

        • Set the M6 screws into the two lower floating nuts with the Phillips screwdriver. Do not tighten them first, but keep the screws exposed about 2 mm.

        • Move the router into the cabinet and hold the router with one hand, so that the mounting ears on both sides hooks the exposed part of the M6 screws.

        • Tighten the M6 screws below the mounting ears and then the upper M6 screws with the Phillips screwdriver, as shown in Fig. 3.31.

      After installing the main body of the router in the above three scenarios, you can also install optional accessories such as PoE power supply, RPS150 power supply, DSP chip, VoIP card , module bar and security unit as required. The installation of optional accessories will not be described here. Readers who have demands can consult relevant information as required.

  • (c) Router connection

    • (i) Connect the grounding cable.

      Wear the ESD wrist strap, ensuring that one end of the ESD wrist strap is grounded, and the other end is in good contact with the wearer’s skin. Connect the grounding cable as shown in Fig. 3.32.

      • Unscrew the M4 screw from the grounding terminal on the rear panel of the router with a Phillips screwdriver and place the it properly.

      • Align the M4 end of the grounding cable to the screw hole on the grounding terminal, and then fix it with the M4 screw with a torque of 1.4 N • m.

      • Connect the M6 end of the grounding cable to the grounding terminal of the workbench, wall or cabinet, and then tighten the M6 screw with a torque of 4.8 N • m.

    After the grounding cable is connected, the following checks should be completed: confirm that the grounding cable and the grounding terminal are firmly and reliably connected; check that the resistance between the router grounding point and the grounding terminal is less than 5 Ω with a multimeter in Ohm mode.

    • (ii) Connect the Ethernet cable.

      Select the corresponding number of network cables with corresponding length according to the number of ports and surveyed distance. Attach a temporary label to both ends of each cable for writing the cable No. with a marker. Connect one end of the cable to the Ethernet port of the router and the other end to the Ethernet port of the corresponding device, as shown in Fig. 3.33. Straighten the connected network cables to prevent them from intersecting, and then bind them with the binding strap, and cut off the redundant part of the strap with the diagonal pliers. Remove the temporary labels on the cables, and attach the formal label at both ends of each cable, with the labels keeping 2 cm away from the connectors.

      After connecting the Ethernet cables, check the following: the labels on both ends of the Ethernet cables are correct, clear, neat, and oriented in the same way; the network cables and plugs are free of damage and break, and the connections are correct and reliable.

    • (iii) Connect the power adapter.

      Check that the router is well grounded at the grounding point. Wear the ESD wrist strap, ensuring that one end of the ESD wrist strap is grounded, and the other end is in good contact with the wearer’s skin. And then connect the grounding cable as shown in Fig. 3.34.

      • Connect one end of the power adapter to the router’s power port.

      • Connect the other end of the power adapter to the AC socket.

    And then connect the power cable buckle as shown in Fig. 3.35.

    • Plug the power cable buckle in the mounting hole for power cable buckle on the rear panel of the router.

    • Adjust the power cable buckle to its proper position.

    • Fasten the AC power cable with the power cable buckle.

    After the power adapter is connected, the following checks should be completed: check that the connection between the power cable and the power interface is firm and reliable; if more than one device is installed, attach a label with code to both ends of each power cable for identification.

  • (d) Power on and off

    Before the router is powered on, the following checks should be completed: check that the power adapter is properly connected; check that the input voltage is 90–264 V AC.

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Power on the router. Turn on the power switch of the router, and check that the router is running normally according to the state of the indicator LEDs on the front of the router. When the router is running normally, the indicator LEDs are displayed as shown in Fig. 3.36. The meanings of the indicator states are shown in Table 3.13.

    • (ii) Power off the router. Turn off the power switch of the router. The power switch should be turned off with caution, as that will cause a business interruption.

• 2. Installation of chassis-shaped routers

  • (a) Installation preparation

    • (i) Tools to be prepared: diagonal pliers, Phillips screwdriver, flat-head screwdriver, level ruler, adjustable wrench, marker, ladder, network tester, heat gun, ESD gloves, ESD gloves, torque drive, multimeter, snap-off knife, stripping pliers, vacuum cleaner, cable cutters, RJ clamping pliers, power cable clamping pliers, posting plumb, hydraulic pliers, protective gloves, socket wrench, clamping pliers, percussion drill, tape measure, torque wrench, and hammer.

    • (ii) Installation accessories: screw, insulating tape, cable buckle, binding strap for optical fiber, heat-shrinkable sleeve, corrugated pipe, and cable label.

  • (b) Installation of the main body of the chassis-shaped router

    • (i) The chassis is so heavy that it takes four people to handle it. To handle the chassis, the load-bearing handle of the chassis should be used. It is strictly prohibited to pull the handle of any other module, so as to avoid damaging the chassis. Never step on the dust screen at the bottom of the cabinet when installing the chassis. The handling method is shown in Fig. 3.37.

    • (ii) Remove the package according to the unpacking instructions on the packaging box and take out the main body of the router. Install the cabinet slide rails, as shown in Fig. 3.38.

    • (iii) When the third-party cabinet is adopted, the retractable slide rails can be installed, as shown in Fig. 3.39. Pre-fix the slide rails on the mounting bars through the locating pin at both ends of the retractable slide rails, and then fasten them at both front and rear ends with M6 screws. When installing the retractable slide rails, do not confuse the left and right slide rails and the front and rear ends of them to avoid reverse installation. Make sure the front and rear ends of the retractable slide rails are on the same horizontal level. The third-party cabinet used should meet the following conditions.

      • A 19-inch (about 48 cm) cabinet that meets IEC standards is selected.

      • The mounting area of the cabinet provides mounting bars with square holes not less than 9.0 mm × 9.0 mm.

      • The front and rear mounting bars of the cabinet are 500–850 mm apart (the Huawei code is 21242246).

      • The chassis suitable for the slide rails weighs no more than 425 kg.

    • (iv) Position the screw holes for the mounting ear panels with a tape measure to determine the mounting positions of the floating nuts, and install the floating nuts on the mounting bars, as shown in Fig. 3.40.

    • (v) Lift the chassis onto the slide rails of the cabinet and push it into the cabinet, and then fix it in the cabinet with M6 screws, as shown in Fig. 3.41.

  • (c) Installation of power supply

    • (i) Install the grounding cable and PGND cable.

      There are two ways to install the grounding cable of the chassis: if the chassis is close to the grounding bar of the equipment room of the equipment room, connect the grounding cable directly to the grounding bar of the equipment room; if not, connect the grounding cable to the grounding point of the cabinet.

      Next, we will take the scenario of connecting the grounding cable to the grounding bar of the equipment room as an example. The following case grounding wire is connected to the computer room grounding row as an example. The grounding cable must be connected to the grounding network. The steps are as follows.

      • Attach temporary labels at both ends of the grounding cable. Lay the grounding cable along the cable ladder and connect it to the grounding terminal at the top of the cabinet, as ❶ in Fig. 3.42. Connect the other end of the grounding cable to the grounding bar of the equipment room.

      • Connect the PGND cable of the cabinet, with the other end of the PGND cable connecting to the grounding bar of the equipment room, as ❷ in Fig. 3.42.

      • Remove the temporary labels and attach the formal labels 20 mm away from both cable ends, as ❸ and ❹ in Fig. 3.42.

    • (ii) DC distribution guidance and cable specification requirements are illustrated with the NE40E-X16 as an example. The cable specifications are listed in Table 3.14.

    • (iii) Install the power cable.

      • Attach temporary labels at both ends of the power cable.

      • Lay the power cable towards the device along the cable ladder.

      • Open the plastic protection plate for the junction box of the power module and connect the DC power cable to the corresponding port, as ❶ and ❷ in Fig. 3.43. Then connect the other end of the power cable to the distribution panel.

      • After the power cable is connected, restore the plastic protection plate to the junction box.

      • Fix the cable to the cable rack and tie it with cable buckles every 150 mm from bottom to top.

      • Attach formal labels 20 mm away from both ends of the power cable.

        In order to obtain a power cable of the right length, the following should be noted when installing the power cable.

        • Cut the power cable according to the measured distance from the power module of the device to the distribution panel and allow some redundancy.

        • First assemble the power cable terminal at the device side, and then install the power cable onto the device end.

        • After completing the cabling and tying of the power cable, cut the redundant cable part according to the actual situation of the distribution panel; after the terminal is assembled, connected the power cable to the distribution panel.

    • (iv) AC distribution guidance

      When AC power distribution is adopted, one NE40E-X16 router needs to be equipped with two EPS200-4850A/4850B AC distribution boxes, as shown in Fig. 3.44. The EPS200-4850A/4850B AC distribution box should be installed in the same cabinet with the NE40E-X16 router. If Huawei cables are not used, you need to choose cables according to local regulations. Cable specification requirements for the EPS200-4850A/4850B AC distribution boxes are shown in Table 3.15.

      For the cabling of AC cabinet and AC distribution panel, when the distance between local points measured by field survey is greater than 20 m, AC power distribution panel or array cabinet should be set up nearby.

    • (v) Install the AC distribution boxes.

      It is recommended to reserve 2 U of space between an AC distribution box and the top of the cabinet, and 1 U of space between AC distribution boxes. The steps are as follows.

      • Install the slide rails, as ❶ in Fig. 3.45.

      • Install floating nuts respectively at the first and sixth holes of the mounting bar starting from the bottom of the slide rail, as ❷ in Fig. 3.45.

      • Install the AC distribution box and fix it in the cabinet with M6 screws, as ❸ and ❹ in Fig. 3.45.

      • Install the PGND cable for the AC distribution box, and ensure the power system is safely grounded, as shown in Fig. 3.46. The ground cable of each AC distribution box should be connected to the nearest grounding bar of the equipment room.

      • Install the monitoring cable for the AC distribution box, as shown in Fig. 3.47.

      • Connect the AC distribution box with the device power cable. To ensure the correct main-standby relationship between the power modules and the distribution boxes, the cable should be connected in strict accordance with the relationship shown in Fig. 3.48.

    • (vi) Install the AC power cable

      • Attach temporary labels at both ends of the power cable.

      • Lay the AC power cable along the cable ladder and connect one end of the power cable to the input terminal of the AC distribution box, as ❶ in Fig. 3.49.

      • Connect the input end of the power module with the output end of the AC distribution box, as ❷ in Fig. 3.49.

      • Restore the plastic protection plate to the junction box.

      • Fix the power cable to the cable rack and tie it with cable buckles every 150 mm from bottom to top.

      • After the power cable is installed, attach the formal labels 20 mm away from both cable ends, as ❸ in Fig. 3.49.

  • (d) Installation of board and sub-board

    Install the board and sub-board. The board slot layout is shown in Fig. 3.50.

    • (i) The interface should be coded in the format of “PCB slot No./service interface card No./port No.”

      • PCB slot No.: The slot numbers of the NE40E-X16 router should be marked 1 through 16, starting from 1.

      • Service interface card No.: Starts from 0. If there is no service interface card on the board, this card number should be marked as “0”.

      • Port No.: Starts from 0.

    • (ii) Install the board and sub-board. Before installing the board, make sure there is no condensation on the device and board. To prevent ESD-sensitive components from damage by static electricity, The ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves must be wore before the installation. The unoccupied slot should be installed with a filler panel. The board at the lower ledge of the NE40E-X16 router should installed upside down in the same way as that at the upper ledge. During the installation, if the board cannot be inserted, confirm the selected slot by verifying that the colors of both ends of the panel is the consistent with those of the chassis plate name bar.

      • To install a sub-board of 1/2 width or full width, you need to remove the redundant slide rails for sub-cards. Remove the fixing screws with a Phillips screwdriver, and then remove the slide modules from the motherboard, as shown in Fig. 3.51.

      • Install the board, as ❶ and ❷ in Fig. 3.52. First remove the filler panel on the slot, and then insert the board along the rail for the slot smoothly and fasten it, and finally tighten the two loose screws with the Phillips screwdriver.

      • Install the sub-board, as (3) in Fig. 3.52. Insert the sub-board along the rail for the slot smoothly, and then tighten the two loose screws with the Phillips screwdriver.

  • (e) Router connection

    • (i) Connect the network cable, and then test the connectivity with the network cable tester before tying the network cable.

      • Keep the distances between the power cable, grounding cable and signal cable greater than 30 mm.

      • Tie the cable into a rectangle, and keep the cable buckles neat and oriented in the same way.

      The steps are as follows.

      • Attach temporary labels at both ends of the network cable.

      • Lay the network cable along the cable trough and connect it to the corresponding interface, as ❶ in Fig. 3.53.

      • Test the connectivity with the network cable tester.

      • Fix the cable to the rack and tie it with cable buckles every 150 mm, as ❷ in Fig. 3.53.

      • Attach the formal labels 20 mm away from both cable ends, as ❸ in Fig. 3.53.

    • (ii) The connection of optical fiber includes the respective installation of the side fiber management tray and optical module, optical fiber and corrugated pipe.

      • The ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves must be wore to install the side fiber management tray and optical module. In the installation scenario of combining cabinets, it is necessary to install the side fiber management tray before combining cabinets, otherwise the side fiber management tray cannot be installed after cabinet combination. The side fiber management tray should be installed in the barrier-free space above the device, the number of which depends on the requirements of the scenario. In order to facilitate the fiber management and cabling, the second side fiber management tray, if any, should be installed on the other side of the cabinet. The installation of the side fiber management tray is shown as ❶ in Fig. 3.54; the installation of the optical module is as ❷ in Fig. 3.54; the optical port with no optical module installed should be provided with a dust cap, as ❸ in Fig. 3.54.

      • Optical fiber installation should meet the following requirements.

        • Keep the distances between the power cable, grounding cable and signal cable greater than 30 mm. Keep the minimum bending radius at the optical fiber turning point greater than 40 mm.

        • The optical module with no optical fiber connected should be provided with a dust cap.

        • The optical fiber should not be bond too tightly. After binding, the optical fiber should be able to be twitched freely.

    The steps are as follows.

    • Lay the optical fibers along the cabling area, and then remove the dust caps from the optical modules and optical fibers and connect each optical fiber to the corresponding optical module, as ❶ in Fig. 3.55.

    • Connect the other end of the optical fiber to the ODF.

    • Coil the redundant optical fiber part around the side fiber management tray, as ❷ in Fig. 3.55.

    • Bind the optical fibers with binding straps every 150 mm. Fix the fiber bundle to the cable rack with cable buckle at the place of each binding strap.

    • Attach the formal labels 20 mm away from both fiber ends, as ❸ in Fig. 3.55.

    • The steps for installation of the corrugated pipe are as follows.

      • Attach temporary labels at both ends of each optical fiber.

      • Straighten the optical fibers and bind them into a fiber bundle, and then run the fiber bundle through the corrugated pipe.

      • Use adhesive tape at both ends of the corrugated pipe to prevent cuts, as ❶ in Fig. 3.56.

      • Lay the corrugated pipe along the cable ladder.

      • Push the corrugated pipe through the leading-out hole at the top of the cabinet and extend it into the cabinet for about 100 mm, and then fix it onto the cabinet with a cable buckle, as ❷ in Fig. 3.56.

  • (f) Checks for power on and off What you are checking here is the power on of the device. Take the power-on check process in the AC scene as an example, which is similar to the check process in the DC scene. The power-on check process is shown in Fig. 3.57.

All air switches on the back of the AC distribution box must be placed in OFF state before power-on check, as shown in Fig. 3.58.

Table 3.10 Checklist for installation environment inspection

Table 3.11 Checklist for cabinet inspection

Table 3.12 Requirements of the router for power conditions

Fig. 3.24

Paste the adhesive pads

Fig. 3.25

Place the router stably

Fig. 3.26

Mark the mounting holes

Fig. 3.27

Drill holes and mount the screws

Fig. 3.28

Mount the router

Fig. 3.29

Attach the mounting ears

Fig. 3.30

Install the floating nuts

Fig. 3.31

Install the router into the cabinet

Fig. 3.32

Connect the grounding cable

Fig. 3.33

Connect the Ethernet cable

Fig. 3.34

Connect the power adapter

Fig. 3.35

Connect the power cable buckle

Fig. 3.36

Indicator state when the router is running normally

Table 3.13 Indicator states and meanings

Fig. 3.37

Chassis handling method

Fig. 3.38

Install the cabinet slide rails

Fig. 3.39

Install the retractable slide rails into the cabinet

Fig. 3.40

Install the floating nuts

Fig. 3.41

Install the chassis in the cabinet

Fig. 3.42

Connect the grounding cable and PGND cable

Table 3.14 Cable specification requirements (for NE40E-X16)

Fig. 3.43

Install the DC power cable

Fig. 3.44

EPS200-4850A AC distribution box (left) and EPS200-4850B AC distribution box (right)

Table 3.15 Cable specification requirements

Fig. 3.45

Install the AC distribution box

Fig. 3.46

Install the PGND cable for the AC distribution box

Fig. 3.47

Install the monitoring cable for the AC distribution box

Fig. 3.48

Connection relationship between the AC distribution boxes and the device power cables

Fig. 3.49

Install the AC power cable

Fig. 3.50

Board slot layout

Fig. 3.51

Remove the redundant slide rails for sub-cards

Fig. 3.52

Install the board and sub-board

Fig. 3.53

Connect the network cable

Fig. 3.54

Install the side fiber management tray and optical module

Fig. 3.55

Connect the optical fibers

Fig. 3.56

Install the corrugated pipe

Fig. 3.57

Power-on check process

Fig. 3.58

Front view (left) and rear view (right) of the device

3.2.2 Installation of Switches

This section will take case-shaped switches , especially the Huawei S5700 Series, as examples to explain the installation process of switches.

• 1. Installation preparation

  • (a) Read through safety precautions carefully.

    To protect personal safety and the safety of your switch, please comprehend the general safety norms and general safety practices provided in Chap. 1, and follow the signs on your switch and any safety precautions in the manual when installing, operating and maintaining the switch. Staff responsible for installation, operation and maintenance of switches must receive strict training, understand various security precautions and master correct operation methods before they can implement the installation, operation and maintenance of switches.

  • (b) Check the installation environment.

    Installation staff should carefully review the installation instructions to make sure that the switch can be installed indoors or outdoors. The checklist for installation environment of switches is shown in Table 3.16. The S5700 Series Switches can only be used indoors (except for the S5720I-SI, which can be installed in an outdoor cabinet).

  • (c) Check the cabinet/rack.

    Check that the dimensions, grounding and other items of the cabinet or rack meet the requirements as shown in Table 3.17.

    a, b and c in Fig. 3.59 indicate the cabinet width, depth and spacing of the mounting bars, respectively.

  • (d) Check the power condition.

    Check to meet the requirements of the router for power conditions as shown in Table 3.18.

  • (e) Prepare installation tools and accessories.

    Installation tools to be prepared include ESD gloves or ESD wrist strap, protective gloves, snap-off knife, tape measure, marker pen, flat-head screwdriver, Phillips screwdriver, diagonal pliers, network tester, multimeter, percussion drill and adjustable wrench.

    The installation accessories to be prepared include insulating tape, cable buckle, binding strap for optical fiber, and corrugated pipe.

• 2. Installation of switches (main body)

  The installation scenario varies with the switch profile and size, including installing into cabinet/rack, mounting to workbench, mounting to wall, and mounting to ceiling. Installation personnel may consult the product manual about the installation scenario corresponding to the model and size. It should be noted that some models have high housing temperature during operation, so it is recommended to install such a device in the area of restricted contact, for example, in the network box or cabinet, or on the workbench in the equipment room, so as to hinder the contact of unskilled technical personnel and ensure safety.

  • (a) Scenario 1: installing into cabinet/rack.

    First consult the product manual to check that the switch model is suitable for the installation scenario. This scenario includes three installation methods, namely, by front mounting ears, by front mounting ears + rear mounting ears, and by front mounting ears/cabling teeth + rear mounting ears. The following is an example of the first method to explain the installation steps. The other two methods are similar. You can refer to the corresponding installation instructions.

    The following items should to be confirmed before installation.

    • (i) The cabinet is fixed and meets the requirements of cabinet/rack.

    • (ii) The place of the switch is arranged in the cabinet.

    • (iii) The switch to be installed is prepared and placed close to the cabinet for easy handling.

    • (iv) The ESD protection measures is in place, such as wearing the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves.

    • (v) In general, the heat dissipation modes of the switch include forced heat dissipation through the fan, quasi-natural heat dissipation and natural heat dissipation. When more than one switch is installed in the cabinet/rack, the natural heat dissipation mode requires that the spacing between the upper and lower switcher must be no less than 1 U, while the modes of forced heat dissipation through the fan and quasi-natural heat dissipation recommend the spacing of 1 U.

    • (vi) When installing, the mounting ears on the left and right sides of the switch should be aligned horizontally in the cabinet/rack. Forced installation is prohibited, otherwise it may cause the switch to bend and deform.

    Tools and accessories to be prepared include floating nuts (4 for each device, purchased by the user), M4 screws, M6 screws (4 for each device, purchased by the user), front mounting ears (2 for each device), grounding cable, slide rail (optional).

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Wear the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves. If the ESD wrist strap is selected, ensure that one end of the ESD wrist strap is grounded, and the other end is in good contact with your skin.

    • (ii) Install the front mounting ears onto the switch with the M4 screws. The standard model and installation method of the mounting ears depends on the switch model, as shown in Fig. 3.60 (19 inches ≈ 48 cm; 21 inches ≈ 53 cm). The mounting ears must match the switch. Figure 3.60 shows the installation method for the left ear, the same for the right ear. To install the ears shown in (f), (g) and (h) in Fig. 3.60, two screws are needed for each side.

    • (iii) Connect the grounding cable to the switch (optional). Grounding is an important step in switch installation. Correct grounding is an significant guarantee for lightning protection, interference resistance and ESD protection of the switch, as well as an important premise to ensure that the PoE switch can normally power the PD. Depending on the environment in which the switch is installed, the grounding cable of the switch may be connected to the grounding point or grounding bar of the cabinet/rack. The following scenario is illustrated with the connection of grounding cable from the switch to the grounding point of the cabinet.

      • Remove the M4 screw anticlockwise with a Phillips screwdriver at the switch grounding point, as shown in Fig. 3.61. The removed M4 screw should be placed properly.

      • Connect the grounding cable to the switch grounding point. Fix the M4 end of the grounding cable (the end with the smaller connector aperture) to the switch grounding point with the removed M4 screw, and then tighten the M4 screw with a torque of 1.4 N • m, as shown in Fig. 3.62.

      • Connect the grounding cable to the cabinet grounding point. Fix the M6 end of the grounding cable (the end with the larger connector aperture) to the cabinet grounding point with a M6 screw, and then tighten the M6 screw with a torque of 4.8 N • m, as shown in Fig. 3.63.

    After the grounding cable is connected, check that the resistance between the switch grounding point and the grounding terminal is less than 0.1 Ω with a multimeter in Ohm mode.

    • (iv) Fix floating nuts to the mounting bars of the cabinet According to the nut positions determined, install four floating nuts on the front mounting bars of the cabinet using a flat-head screwdriver, with two for each of the left and right side, and the upper and lower nuts are spaced by one mounting hole on the mounting bar. Make sure the left and right corresponding floating nuts are on the same horizontal level. The holes on the mounting bars are not all spaced 1 U apart. So attention should be paid to identifying and referring to the scale on the bars.

    • (v) Install the switch into the cabinet. Although the switches uses different front mounting ears, the method of installing the switch into the cabinet is the same. So the following installation instructions take a switch using one type of the front mounting ears as an example, as shown in Fig. 3.64.

      • Move the switch into the cabinet and hold the switch with both hands so that the mounting holes of the ears on both sides are aligned with the floating nuts on the mounting bars of the cabinet.

      • Hold the switch with one hand, and with the other hand, fix the mounting ears to the mounting bars of the cabinet using the Phillips screwdriver and the M6 screws (two for each side of the switch).

  • (b) Scenario 2: mounting to workbench.

    First consult the product manual to check that the switch model is suitable for the installation scenario. Ensure that the ESD protection measures is in place, such as wearing the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves. Ensure the stability and good grounding of the workbench. Ensure a space of more than 50 mm around the switch for heat dissipation. Never pile up sundries on the switch.

    Tools and accessories to be prepared include adhesive pads (4 for each device) screws and anti-theft lock (optional, purchased by the user).

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Wear the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves. If the ESD wrist strap is selected, ensure that one end of the ESD wrist strap is grounded, and the other end is in good contact with your skin.

    • (ii) Paste the adhesive pads to the switch. Carefully invert the switch, and paste the four adhesive pads onto the circular embossing areas at the bottom of the switch, as shown in Fig. 3.24(a).

    • (iii) Place the switch onto the workbench. Place the switch normally and stably on the workbench, as shown in Fig. 3.65(b).

    • (iv) Install the anti-theft lock (optional). After mounting the switch on the workbench, you can fix the switch to the workbench through the anti-theft lock, as shown in Fig. 3.65(c).

    Check whether a sign of anti-theft lockhole is provided on the switch to confirm whether it supports the installation of the anti-theft lock, as shown in Fig. 3.66. Switches without an anti-theft lockhole do not support the anti-theft lock.

  • (c) Scenario 3: mounting to wall.

    First consult the product manual to check that the switch model is suitable for the installation scenario. Before drilling a hole into the wall, make sure there is no electrical circuit in the drilling area to avoid personal injury. Ensure that the ESD protection measures is in place, such as wearing the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves. It is recommended to take waterproof and dustproof measures for the switches to be mounted on the wall to avoid the switch from damages due to water or dust infiltration at the interfaces. Flammable and explosive items are prohibited under the switch, and foreign objects are prohibited within 100 mm around the switch.

    The tools and accessories to be prepared include percussion drill (Φ8 drill bit), M6 explosive expansion bolts (4 for each device), M4 screws (4 or 6 for each device, depending on the switch model), and front mounting ears (2 for each device).

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Wear the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves. If the ESD wrist strap is selected, ensure that one end of the ESD wrist strap is grounded, and the other end is in good contact with your skin.

    • (ii) Install the front mounting ears onto the switch with the M4 screws. The standard model and installation method of the mounting ears depends on the switch model, so the mounting ears must match the switch. The installation methods for different mounting ears are shown in Fig. 3.67. The mounting ears should be installed on both sides of the switch, and the installation method is the same on both sides. The following is an example of the installation on one side.

    • (iii) Mark the drilling holes on the wall with a marker according to the size of the switch and the positions of the mounting ears.

    • (iv) Install M6 explosive expansion bolts.

      • Use a percussion drill (Φ8 drill bit) to drill holes perpendicular to the wall at the marked positions, about 35–40 mm deep.

      • Insert the M6 explosive expansion bolts into the holes drilled and then rotate the nuts clockwise to secure the bolts into the wall.

      • Remove the nuts from the M6 explosive expansion bolts by counterclockwise rotation.

    • (v) Mount the switch to the wall, as shown in Fig. 3.68.

      • Align the mounting ear holes on both sides of the switch with the M6 explosive expansion bolts on the wall and hang the ears on the bolts.

      • Fasten the removed nuts on the M6 explosive expansion bolts.

  • (d) Scenario 4: mounting to ceiling.

    First consult the product manual to check that the switch model is suitable for the installation scenario. Before drilling a hole into the ceiling, make sure there is no electrical circuit in the drilling area to avoid personal injury.

    The tools and accessories to be prepared include percussion drill (Φ8 drill bit), M6 explosive expansion bolts (4 for each device), M4 screws (4 for each device), and ceiling-mounting ears (2 for each device).

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Wear the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves. If the ESD wrist strap is selected, ensure that one end of the ESD wrist strap is grounded, and the other end is in good contact with your skin.

    • (ii) Install the ceiling-mounting ears onto the switch. Align the ceiling-mounting ears with the ear holes on the device and fix the ceiling-mounting ears to the switch using the M4 screws, as shown in Fig. 3.69. The installation method of the ears is the same on both sides. The following is an example of the installation on one side.

    • (iii) Mark the drilling holes on the ceiling with a marker according to the size of the switch and the positions of the mounting ears. The marking method is similar to that in Scenario 3.

    • (iv) Install M6 explosive expansion bolts.

      • Use a percussion drill (Φ8 drill bit) to drill holes perpendicular to the wall at the marked positions, about 35–40 mm deep.

      • Insert the M6 explosive expansion bolts into the holes drilled and then rotate the nuts clockwise to secure the bolts into the wall.

      • Remove the nuts from the M6 explosive expansion bolts by counterclockwise rotation.

    • (v) Mount the switch to the ceiling, as shown in Fig. 3.70.

      • Align the mounting ear holes on both sides of the switch with the M6 explosive expansion bolts on the ceiling and hang the ears on the bolts.

      • Fasten the removed nuts on the M6 explosive expansion bolts.

• 3. Installation of boards

  The installation of the main body of the switch should be followed by the installation of boards, including such modules as power module, fan module and optical module.

  • (a) Installation of pluggable power module and fan module.

    For switches that have a power module and fan module pre-installed, this step can be omitted. The installation method of the fan module is the same as that of the power module, including the fixations with loose screw and with latch. Here, the power module is taken as an example for installation instructions.

    Tools and accessories to be prepared include the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves, and Phillips screwdriver.

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Wear the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves. If the ESD wrist strap is selected, ensure that one end of the ESD wrist strap is grounded, and the other end is in good contact with your skin.

    • (ii) Remove the filler panel on the power slot of the switch, and properly save it for subsequent use.

      There are two ways to fix the power module of the switch (with loose screw and with latch), and accordingly, the filler panel also adopts these two ways.

      If the loose screw is used, the filler panel should be removed as shown in Fig. 3.71.

      • Loosen the loose screw fixing the filler panel using the Phillips screwdriver anticlockwise.

      • Pull the loose screw to pull out the filler panel.

      If the latch is used, the filler panel should be removed as shown in Fig. 3.72.

      • Snap the latch fixing the filler panel to right with your thumb and hold it down.

      • Pull the handle on the filler panel to pull out the filler panel.

    • (iii) Install the power module

      Again, the above two installation methods can be used. The power module fixed with loose screw should be installed as shown in Fig. 3.73.

      • Hold the handle on the power module with one hand and the bottom of the power module with the other hand, and insert the power module horizontally and completely into the power slot.

      • Tighten the loose screw on the power module clockwise with the Phillips screwdriver.

      The power module fixed with latch should be installed as shown in Fig. 3.74. Hold the handle on the power module with one hand and the bottom of the power module with the other hand, and insert the power module horizontally into the power slot until the latch locks automatically.

  • (b) Installation of plug-in card

    Some switch models support the installation of a pluggable plug-in card. Different types of plug-in cards have the same installation method, so the following 4-port front plug-in card is taken as an example for installation instructions.

    Tools and accessories to be prepared include the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves, and Phillips screwdriver.

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Wear the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves. If the ESD wrist strap is selected, ensure that one end of the ESD wrist strap is grounded, and the other end is in good contact with your skin.

    • (ii) Remove the filler panel on the plug-in card slot of the switch, and properly save it for subsequent use.

      • Loosen the loose screw fixing the filler panel using the Phillips screwdriver anticlockwise.

      • Pull the loose screw to pull out the filler panel.

    • (iii) Install the plug-in card to the switch.

      • Open the lever of the plug-in card about 45°, and then push the card into the device by pushing its left and right sides with both thumbs (below the loose screw) until the whole screw above the card enters the device case.

      • When the screw fully enters into the device case, turn the level so that the card is fully inserted into the case.

      • Tighten the loose screw with the Phillips screwdriver.

  • (c) Installation of optical module.

    The optical module is used to receive and transmit optical signals. To install it, tools and accessories to be prepared include the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves, and dustproof plug.

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Wear the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves. If the ESD wrist strap is selected, ensure that one end of the ESD wrist strap is grounded, and the other end is in good contact with your skin.

    • (ii) Pull out the dustproof plug in the optical interface, and properly save it for subsequent use.

    • (iii) Install the optical module to the optical module. Slide the optical module into the optical interface smoothly until it is fully inserted. After proper installation, the spring plate of the optical module will make a “snap” sound. During the installation, if the optical module cannot be fully inserted, stop pushing it in, but turn it over 180° and try to insert it again.

    • (iv) Check that the optical module is installed in place. Without opening the pull ring, press both sides of the optical module with your thumb and forefinger and gently pull the module to check if it can be pulled out. If cannot, the optical module is properly installed; otherwise, it is not installed correctly and should be re-installed.

• 4. Connection of switches

  • (a) Connection of power cable

    The case-shaped switches can be powered by a built-in power supply, a pluggable power module, or a stand-alone power module, with different power cables and connection methods required for each scenario. For switches other than the S5720I-SI series, if the external power supply is provided via the AC standard socket, the switch should be equipped with built-in AC power or provided with AC power module, and the local AC standard power cable should be adopted; if via the AC PDU, the switch should be equipped with built-in AC power or provided with AC power module also, and the C13 female—C14 male power cable should be adopted; and if via the DC distribution box, the switch should be equipped with built-in DC power or provided with DC power module, and the DC power cable should be adopted. For the S5720I-SI Series Switches and PAC-260WA-E or PAC240S56-CN power modules, Phoenix terminals and supporting power cables are required. Here we will take the use of a built-in AC power supply or AC power module as an example to explain the connection method. For other types of power supply, please consult the corresponding product manuals.

    Tools and accessories to be prepared include the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves, and captive buckle for AC terminal (optional).

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Wear the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves. If the ESD wrist strap is selected, ensure that one end of the ESD wrist strap is grounded, and the other end is in good contact with your skin.

    • (ii) Turn off the power switch of the external power supply for the switch.

    • (iii) Turn off the power switch of the switch or power module. If there is no power switch, skip this step.

    • (iv) Connect the power cable to the switch or power module. Here the built-in AC power supply is taken as an example to illustrate the connection method of the AC power cable.

      • Install the captive buckle for AC terminal (optional).

      • Plug the AC power cable into the power interface of the switch or AC power module, as shown in Fig. 3.75.

      • If the captive buckle for AC terminal is installed, adjust its position according to the size of the AC cable connector to grip the AC power cable (optional).

        Some switch models provide a captive buckle for the AC power interface, whose usage is shown in Fig. 3.76.

  • (b) Connection of network cables

    The connection of networks cable follows the power cable connection. The following points need to be noted in the connection.

    • (i) Test their connectivity before laying the network cables.

    • (ii) The outdoor aerial cabling is prohibited, in order to avoid damage to the device by lightning strike.

    • (iii) The buried cabling or steel pipe for cable threading should be adopted.

    • (iv) Keep the distances between the power cable and signal cable greater than 10 cm.

    • (v) When the 48-optical-port switch is used with the photoelectric module for the 600 mm deep cabinet, only Cat 5 unshielded cables can be used.

    • (vi) When the 48-electrical-port switch is used for the 600 mm deep cabinet, only Cat 5 unshielded cables can be used.

    If the switch does not support or use a rear plug-in card, the type of network cable used for the electrical port and the vertical distance from the front panel of the switch to the front door of the cabinet should meet the following requirements listed in Table 3.19.

    If the switch using the rear plug-in card is to be installed in a cabinet with a depth greater than 600 mm, the type of network cable used by the electrical port and the vertical distance from the switch’s front panel to the cabinet’s front door should meet the requirements shown in Table 3.18, and there is no special requirement for the vertical distance between the switch’s rear panel and the cabinet’s rear door; if such a switch is to be installed in a 600 mm deep cabinet, the type of network cable used in the electrical port, the type of network cable used by the electrical port, the type of optical fiber used for the rear plug-in card and the vertical distance between the switch panel and the cabinet door should meet the requirements shown in Table 3.20.

    Double-sided cabling refers to that the network cables connected to the first 24 ports of the switch are routed from the left side of the switch and those connected to the last 24 ports are routed from the right side. In case of double-sided cabling, it is recommended to reserve 1 U for the cabling rack below the switch. After the cabling is completed, the cables should be bond and fixed on the side of the cabinet to ensure that the cabinet bears the weight of the cables. For 10GBASE-T Ethernet electrical interfaces, if any, it is recommended to use Cat 6e shielded cables or those of higher standard, because Cat 6e shielded cables and Cat 7 cables are able to avoid external crossover. But these cables are heavier that require proper binding and fixing. They can be installed in combination with other types of cables. The MultiGE interface (10GBase-T and IEEE 802.3bz) may produce bit error rate no greater than 10⁻⁷ in the case of strong interference, so it is suggested to keep it away from the interference source or take necessary shielding measures. When the Fast Retrain function is triggered, there will be a large number of bit errors around 30 ms.

    Tools and accessories to be prepared include the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves, diagonal pliers, binding strap, marker and cable labels.

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Confirm the number of interfaces to be connected and the connection relationship, and determine the easy cabling path.

    • (ii) Select the corresponding number of network cables with corresponding length according to the number of ports and surveyed distance.

    • (iii) Attach a temporary label to both ends of each cable and write the cable No.

    • (iv) Lay the cables. If there are many cables to be routed, in order to facilitate cabling, you can lay the cables in the cabinet first, and then make the cable connectors for connections with the device. The connectors made on site must be standardized, firm, reliable and aesthetically pleasing.

    • (v) Wear the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves. If the ESD wrist strap is selected, ensure that one end of the ESD wrist strap is grounded, and the other end is in good contact with your skin.

    • (vi) Connect the network cables to the switch interfaces. Insert each network cable connector into the corresponding switch interface according to the network cable No. Ensure that all network cables are properly connected to the switch before Step G.

    • (vii) Bind the cables. Straighten the connected network cables to prevent them from intersecting, and then bind them with the binding straps at the intervals shown in Table 3.21, and cut off the redundant part of the straps with the diagonal pliers, as shown in Fig. 3.77. The cable binding should be as loose as possible, preferably lined with a protective pad. Note that a cable bundle is recommended to have no more than 12 cables, and must not have more than 24 cables.

    • (viii) Replace all temporary labels with formal cable labels.

  • (c) Connect the optical fibers

    The following points need to be noted in the connection.

    • (i) Test their connectivity before laying the optical fibers.

    • (ii) Keep the distances between the power cable and signal cable greater than 10 cm.

    • (iii) The optical fibers must enter the cabinet/rack with being cased by the corrugated pipe. The radius of curvature of an optical fiber should be at least 20 times of its diameter, and no smaller than 40 mm in general.

    • (iv) Ensure that the section at the optical fiber interface is clean and tidy, so as to avoid pollution affecting the communication effect. If this section is polluted, use a dedicated fiber cleaning cloth to clean it.

    Tools and accessories to be prepared include the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves, corrugated pipe, optical fiber binding strap, marker, optical fiber labels and fiber extraction tool (optional).

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Confirm the number of interfaces to be connected and the connection relationship, and determine the easy cabling path.

    • (ii) Select the corresponding number of optical fibers with corresponding length and mode according to the optical module type, number of ports and surveyed distance.

    • (iii) Wear the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves. If the ESD wrist strap is selected, ensure that one end of the ESD wrist strap is grounded, and the other end is in good contact with your skin.

    • (iv) Attach a temporary label to both ends of each optical fiber and write the fiber No.

    • (v) Pull out the dustproof plug of each optical module and the dustproof cap of each optical fiber connector,

    • (vi) Connect the optical fibers to the optical module interfaces. Align and insert the optical fiber connector into the optical module interface. After that, if a “snap” sound is heard, the connector is in place, as shown in Fig. 3.78. Never confuse the transmitting end and receiving end of the optical fiber connector, and you can refer to the signs at the interface of the optical module.

      If the optical fiber needs to be removed, gently push the optical fiber connector inward, and then pinch the snap to pull it out, as shown in Fig. 3.79. It is prohibited to pull out the optical fiber connector directly. In the case that the interfaces are densely deployed and inconvenient to be operated by hand, the fiber extraction tool can be used to assist the operation.

    • (vii) Bind the optical fibers. Straighten the connected optical fibers to prevent them from intersecting, and then bind them with the binding straps in intervals of 150–300 mm.

    • (viii) Replace all temporary labels with formal optical fiber labels.

  • (d) Connection of high-speed cables

    The following points need to be noted in the connection.

    • (i) High-speed cables that are not in use require an ESD protective cap at both plugs.

    • (ii) Ensure that the section of the high-speed cable interface is clean and tidy, so as to avoid pollution affecting the communication effect. If this section is polluted, use a dedicated fiber cleaning cloth to clean it.

    • (iii) Ensure that the cable and optical fiber keep the bending radius greater than the minimum bending radius to avoid damage to the core wires. For bending radius of the cable, please refer to the corresponding product instructions.

    Tools and accessories to be prepared include the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves, diagonal pliers, binding strap, marker and high-speed cable labels.

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Confirm the number of interfaces to be connected and the connection relationship, and determine the easy cabling path.

    • (ii) Select the corresponding number of high-speed cables with corresponding length according to the number of ports and surveyed distance.

    • (iii) Wear the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves. If the ESD wrist strap is selected, ensure that one end of the ESD wrist strap is grounded, and the other end is in good contact with your skin.

    • (iv) Attach a temporary label to both ends of each high-speed cable and write the fiber No.

    • (v) Connect the high-speed cables to the switch interfaces. Insert each high-speed cable connector into the corresponding switch interface according to the high-speed cable No. Insert the cable connector into the optical module interface in the correct direction. After that, if a “snap” sound is heard, the connector is in place, as shown in Fig. 3.80. Ensure that all high-speed cables are properly connected to the switch before Step F.

      If the optical fiber needs to be removed, gently push the cable connector inward, and then hold the handle to pull it out, as shown in Fig. 3.81. It is prohibited to pull out the cable connector directly.

    • (vi) Bind the high-speed cables Straighten the high-speed cables to prevent them from intersecting, bind them with the binding straps in intervals of 150–300 mm, and then cut off the redundant part of the straps with the diagonal pliers.

    • (vii) Replace all temporary labels with formal high-speed cable labels.

  • (e) Connection of stacking cables

    Some switch models support stacking through stack-in card or service port.

    • (i) Stacking through stack-in card: Devices are connected through special stack-in cards and stacking cables.

    • (ii) Stacking through service port: Devices are connected through physical member ports bound to logical stacking ports, without the need for a dedicated stack-in cards.

    To confirm whether the specific switch model supports stacking, or to confirm the stacking mode supported, the software and hardware requirements of stacking, and the connection method of stacking cable, please refer to the corresponding product manual.

Table 3.16 Checklist for installation environment of switches

Table 3.17 Requirements for the cabinet/rack

Fig. 3.59

Cabinet dimensions

Table 3.18 Requirements of the switch for power conditions

Fig. 3.60

Installation methods for different mounting ears

Fig. 3.61

Remove the M4 screw from switch grounding point

Fig. 3.62

Connect the grounding cable to the switch grounding point

Fig. 3.63

Connect the grounding cable to the cabinet grounding point

Fig. 3.64

Install the switch into the cabinet

Fig. 3.65

Mount the switch to the workbench

Fig. 3.66

A sign of anti-theft lockhole on the switch.

Fig. 3.67

Installation methods for different mounting ears

Fig. 3.68

Mount the switch to the wall

Fig. 3.69

Installation method of the ceiling-mounting ears

Fig. 3.70

Mount the switch to the ceiling

Fig. 3.71

Remove the filler panel fixed with the loose screw

Fig. 3.72

Remove the filler panel fixed with the latch

Fig. 3.73

Install the filler panel fixed with the loose screw

Fig. 3.74

Install the filler panel fixed with the latch

Fig. 3.75

Plug the AC power cable

Fig. 3.76

Usage of the captive buckle

Table 3.19 Requirements for the use of different types of network cables (the vertical distance excludes the length of the photoelectric module)

Table 3.20 Requirements for the use of different types of network cables and optical fibers (the vertical distance excludes the length of the photoelectric module)

Table 3.21 Intervals of the cable binding straps

Fig. 3.77

Cable binding method

Fig. 3.78

Connect the optical fibers to the optical module interfaces

Fig. 3.79

Pull out the optical fibers

Fig. 3.80

Connect the high-speed cable to the switch interface

Fig. 3.81

Pull out the high-speed cable

3.2.3 Installation of WLAN Devices

As described in Sect. 3.1.3, the thin AP+AC networking architecture of WLAN network is divided into AP and AC. This section will introduce the installation processes for each of these parts. For AC, Huawei AC6605 will be taken as an example; and for AP, Huawei AP7050 Series products.

• 1. Installation of AC

  Pre-installation preparation: Read through safety precautions carefully; check the installation site, cabinet/rack, and power supply condition; prepare installation tools and accessories, as shown in Table 3.22.

  • (a) AC6605 supports two installation scenarios, namely installing into cabinet/rack and mounting to workbench, and generally does not support mounting to wall.

    • (i) Scenario 1: installing into cabinet/rack.

      There are two cases. One is the installation of the device through the front and rear mounting ears without the need for slide rail or a tray for support. Examples of such installation are described below. The other is the use of a slide rail or tray for support, without the installation of the rear mounting ear, but the slide or tray needs to be purchased separately.

      The steps are as follows.

      • Install front and rear mounting ears (two for each of the front and rear side). It is recommended to install the front mounting ears on both sides of the side of the device outbound interface and the rear mounting ears on both sides of the side of the device outlet power module, as shown in Fig. 3.82.

      • Install the floating nuts Install four floating nuts on the front mounting bracket, two for each of the left and right sides. Because the AC6605 is 1 U high, the mounting holes on the mounting ears correspond to the two mounting holes separated by one hole on the front mounting bracket; install four floating nuts on the corresponding rear mounting bracket, two for each of the left and right sides, as shown in Fig. 3.83. Note that the floating nut on the rear mounting bracket should be in line with the floating nut on the front mounting bracket.

      • Install the slide rail for the rear mounting ears on the rear mounting bracket, as shown in Fig. 3.84.

        When installing the device into the cabinet/rack, the difference in spacing between two mounting bars in the cabinet determines the difference in installation mode of the slide rail for the rear mounting ears, as shown in Table 3.23.

      • Hold the device case to move it into the cabinet/rack, align the mounting ears with the rear slide rail and slowly push the case, as shown in Fig. 3.85.

      • Hold the device case with one hand, and fix the front mounting ears to the front mounting bracket with a screw driver with the other hand, and then fix the rear mounting ears to the rear slide rail on the rear side of the cabinet/rack, as shown in Fig. 3.86.

  • (b) Scenario 2: mounting to workbench.

    Ensure the stability and good grounding of the workbench. Ensure a space of more than 50 mm around the switch for heat dissipation. Never pile up sundries on the device.

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Wear the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves, ensuring that one end of the ESD wrist strap is grounded, and the other end is in good contact with the wearer’s skin.

    • (ii) Paste the adhesive pads to the device. Carefully invert the device, and paste the four adhesive pads onto the circular embossing areas at the bottom of the device, as shown in Fig. 3.87(a).

    • (iii) Place the device onto the workbench. Place the device normally and stably on the workbench, as shown in Fig. 3.87(b).

    • (iv) Install the anti-theft lock (optional). After mounting the device on the workbench, you can fix the device to the workbench through the anti-theft lock provided at the left side of the device, as shown in Fig. 3.87(c).

  • (c) Connect the power cable. The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Wear the ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves, ensuring that one end of the ESD wrist strap is grounded, and the other end is in good contact with the wearer’s skin.

    • (ii) Turn off the power switch of the external power supply for the device.

    • (iii) Connect the power cable to the power module.

      • If AC power module is used, the connection method of AC power cable is shown in Fig. 3.88.

        • Plug the AC power cable into the power interface of the AC power module, as shown in Fig. 3.88 (1).

        • Fasten the AC power cable with the captive buckle for AC terminal, as shown in Fig. 3.88 (2).

        • Connect the other end of the AC power cable to the external AC power supply system.

      • If DC power module is used, the connection method of DC power cable is shown in Fig. 3.89.

        • Remove the protective cover of the DC terminal on the power module with a Phillips screwdriver, as shown in Fig. 3.89 (1).

        • Remove the two OT terminals at the DC terminal with a Phillips screwdriver, as shown in Fig. 3.89 (2).

        • Fix the DC power cable and the power module with the removed OT terminals to prevent the power cable from loosening. Connect the NEG(−) terminal of the DC power board, as shown in Fig. 3.89 (3).

        • Assemble the protective cover of the DC terminal on the power module with a Phillips screwdriver, as shown in Fig. 3.89 (4).

  • (d) Pay attention to the following points when connecting and binding signal cables.

    • (i) The cable buckles should be even spaced. Within the cabinet, the interval of the cable buckles should not exceed 250 mm.

    • (ii) The cable buckles should be moderate tightened, especially the optical fibers should not be bound too tight.

    • (iii) Dust caps should be installed for temporarily unused optical fiber connectors, and dust plugs should be installed for temporarily unused optical ports on the devices.

    • (iv) Excess optical fibers, cables and network cables should be wound neatly for easy search.

    • (v) The connectors made on site must be standardized, firm, reliable and aesthetically pleasing.

    • (vi) If there are many cables to be routed, in order to facilitate cabling, you can lay the cables in the cabinet first, and then make the cable connectors for connections with the device. Then, the cable connection is completed as shown in Fig. 3.90.

Note

Figure 3.90 is only for reference, and the specific cabling method should be adjusted according to the actual installation scenario and interface usage.

Table 3.22 Pre-installation preparation for AC6605

Fig. 3.82

Fix the front and rear mounting ears

Fig. 3.83

Install the floating nuts

Fig. 3.84

Fix the slide rail for the rear mounting ears

Table 3.23 How to install the slide rail for the rear mounting ears

Fig. 3.85

Align with the rear slide rail and slowly push the case

Fig. 3.86

Fix the rear mounting ears to the rear slide rail

Fig. 3.87

Mount the device to the workbench

Fig. 3.88

How to connect the AC power cable

Fig. 3.89

How to connect the DC power cable

Fig. 3.90

When the cable connection is completed

• 2. Installation of wireless AP

  Huawei AP7050DE provides high-performance wireless services for large and medium-sized enterprise-level scenarios with high device density (such as mobile office, general education, higher education, etc.), which can be flexibly distributed according to different environments. The following describes the installation process of wireless AP with Huawei AP7050DE as an example.

  • (a) Installation preparation

    • (i) Read through safety precautions carefully.

      In order to ensure personal and equipment safety, appropriate safety measures should be taken to avoid personal injury and equipment damage. Place the device in a dry and flat place; avoid the device from contact with liquid; take dust prevention measures to keep the device clean; do not place the device and installation tools in the walking area.

    • (ii) Determine the installation position.

      Generally, indoor AP device will be directly attached to the wall or ceiling through a sheet-metal mounting piece, so the specific installation position of the device will be determined by engineering survey, and at least 200 mm space will be reserved from the outlet end of the device to the wall. Please refer to Fig. 3.91 for its installation position.

      The principles for determining the installation position are as follows.

      • Minimize the number of obstacles (such as walls) between the AP and user terminal.

      • Keep the AP away from electronic device that may produce radio frequency interference, such as microwave oven or other wireless communication device like the AP and antenna.

      • The installation position should be concealed as far as possible, so as not to interfere with the daily work and life of residents.

      • It is strictly prohibited to install the device under the environment of accumulated water, water seepage, dripping and condensation, and it is necessary to avoid the device from entering water due to cable condensation and water seepage.

      • It is strictly prohibited to install the device in an environment with high temperature, dust, harmful gas, flammability, explosion, susceptibility to electromagnetic interference (large radar stations, transmitting stations, substations), unstable voltage, large vibration or strong noise.

  • (b) Installation of AP7050DE

    When installing, if there is a protective film on the surface of the device, it should be torn off before installation to prevent static electricity. There are three installation methods for AP7050DE device: wall-mounted installation, indoor ceiling-mounted installation and indoor T-shaped keel installation. They will be introduced separately below.

    • (i) The wall-mounted installation requires the use of mounting parts and supporting expansion tubes.

      The steps are as follows.

      • When fixing the sheet-metal mounting piece, make sure that the arrow in the sign is upward.

      • Attach the sheet-metal mounting piece to the wall, adjust the installation positions, and mark the positions with a marker, as shown in Fig. 3.92.

      • Drill holes at the installation positions with a 6 mm electric drill, with the drilling depth of 35–40 mm, and install expansion tubes to make them flush with the wall surface, as shown in Fig. 3.93.

      • Attach the sheet-metal mounting piece to the wall surface, and screw three self-tapping screws into the expansion tubes in turn with a Phillips screwdriver to fasten the sheet-metal mounting piece to the wall surface, as shown in Fig. 3.94.

      • Connect the AP device with cables. For details, refer to the cable connection section later. Align the screws on the back of the AP device with the mounting holes on the sheet-metal mounting piece, and push the AP vertically into the mounting piece, as shown in Fig. 3.95. After the shrapnel of the mounting piece is jacked up, press the device down hard. When the “click” sound is heard, the AP is fixed on the sheet-metal mounting piece.

        It should be noted that when the AP is installed in discos, bars and other scenes with severe vibration, M4 × 30 screws should be used to fix the AP tight to the sheet-metal mounting piece to prevent the AP from falling off due to vibration, as shown in Fig. 3.96. Under normal circumstances, this screw need not be installed.

    • (ii) Indoor ceiling-mounted installation

      In ceiling-mounted installation, the ceiling should be able to bear four times of the total weight of the device and sheet-metal mounting piece without being damaged. If the total weight of the device and sheet-metal mounting piece is less than 1.25 kg, the ceiling bearing capacity should be no less than 5 kg.

      • Remove the ceiling, determine the positioning point according to the distance between the two mounting holes on the sheet-metal mounting piece, punch holes in the ceiling, and fix the sheet-metal mounting piece to the ceiling (the fastening torque is 1.4 N • m), as shown in Fig. 3.97. The length of screws for the ceiling-mounted installation is 30 mm, which is suitable for ceiling mounting up to 15 mm hole depth. If you need to install it on a thicker ceiling, you need prepare longer screws.

      • Connect the cable of the AP. Then align the screws on the back of the AP device with the mounting holes on the sheet-metal mounting piece, and push the AP vertically into the mounting piece, as shown in Fig. 3.98. After the shrapnel of the mounting piece is jacked up, press the device horizontally hard. When the “click” sound is heard, the AP is fixed on the sheet-metal mounting piece.

        Make sure that the AP device is correctly installed on the mounting piece to avoid falling off. It should be noted that when the AP is installed in discos, bars and other scenes with severe vibration, M4 × 30 screws should be used to fix the AP tight to the sheet-metal mounting piece to prevent the AP from falling off due to vibration, as shown in Fig. 3.99. Under normal circumstances, this screw need not be installed.

    • (iii) Indoor T-shaped keel installation

      In T-shaped keel installation, the keel should be able to bear four times of the total weight of the device and sheet-metal mounting piece without being damaged. If the total weight of the device and sheet-metal mounting piece is less than 1.25 kg, the ceiling bearing capacity should be no less than 5 kg. T-shaped keel specifications: thickness t (0.6 mm ≤ t ≤ 1.0 mm) and width w (24 mm ≤ w ≤ 29 mm).

      • Disassemble the two ceilings near the T-shaped keel, first tighten the clamping piece to the sheet-metal mounting piece with screws, then adjust the clamping piece so that the T-shaped keel is fastened between the clamping piece and the sheet mounting lock, and finally lock the screws on the clamping piece, as shown in Fig. 3.100.

      • Connect the cable of the AP. Then align the screws on the back of the AP device with the mounting holes on the sheet-metal mounting piece, and push the AP vertically into the mounting piece. After the shrapnel of the mounting piece is jacked up, press the device horizontally hard. When the “click” sound is heard, the AP is fixed on the sheet-metal mounting piece, as shown in Fig. 3.98.

    It is important to note that this step can only lock the screw in the middle of the clamping piece. You can select the appropriate position to lock the screw according to the keel width. Make sure that the AP device is correctly installed on the mounting piece to avoid falling off.

    When the AP is installed in discos, bars and other scenes with severe vibration, M4 × 30 screws should be used to fix the AP tight to the sheet-metal mounting piece to prevent the AP from falling off due to vibration, as shown in Fig. 3.99. Under normal circumstances, this screw need not be installed.

  • (c) Cable connection

    • (i) The external connection interface of the AP device is shown in Fig. 3.101, and the cable connected to the interface is described in Table 3.24.

    • (ii) When connecting cables, waterproof bends must be made to prevent condensation from flowing into device ports along cables, causing device damage. The specific method is as follows.

      • The device service port faces down and the network cable goes up, as shown in Fig. 3.102 (1).

      • The device service port faces up and the network cable goes up, as shown in Fig. 3.102 (2).

      • The device service port keeps horizontal and the network cable goes up, as shown in Fig. 3.102 (3).

    • (iii) Pay attention to the following points when binding cables.

      • Different types of cables should be laid separately, at least 30 mm apart, and it is forbidden to cross or intertwine with each other. Different types of cables should be routed in parallel or separated by special spacers.

      • After binding, the cable after binding should be close to each other, keep straight and tidy, without skin damage.

      • When installing the cable buckles, the cable buckles should face the same direction. The buckles in the same position should be kept on the same level, and all buckles should be trimmed flat.

      • After the installation of cables is completed, labels or signs must be attached.

    • (iv) Connect the grounding cable (optional).

      Use grounding screws and grounding cables to ground the device. Grounding cables should be made on site, with M4 OT terminals on the device side and M6 OT terminals on the grounding bar side, which can also be determined according to the site conditions. The cable length should be determined according to the site conditions to avoid waste.

Fig. 3.91

Reference of Installation Position for Indoor AP devices

Fig. 3.92

Mark the installation positions

Fig. 3.93

Drill holes at the installation positions

Fig. 3.94

Wall-mounted installation

Fig. 3.95

Fix the AP to the wall

Fig. 3.96

Reinforced Installation to the wall in special scenes

Fig. 3.97

Mark positioning points and drill holes. (1) Ceiling; (2) Clamping piece; (3) M4 × 30 screw

Fig. 3.98

Fix the AP

Fig. 3.99

Reinforce the installation

Fig. 3.100

Reinforce the T-shaped keel installation. (1) T-shaped keel; (2) M4 × 30 screws; (3) Clamping piece; (4) Sheet-metal mounting piece

Fig. 3.101

External connection interface of the AP device

Table 3.24 Description of cable connected to the interface

Fig. 3.102

How to make the waterproof bend

3.2.4 Installation of Firewalls

Huawei USG6000 Series Firewalls adopt a newly designed 10 Gigabit multi-core hardware platform with excellent performance. This series of firewalls provides high-density slots for expansion card, and supports rich types of interface card, realize massive service processing. Its key components are redundantly configured. With the mature link conversion mechanism and the built-in electric Bypass card design, it provides users with long-time trouble-free hardware guarantee, creating a sustained office environment. This section will provide an introduction with Huawei USG6310 as an example.

• 1. Installation preparation

  Before installing the USG device, please fully understand the the necessary precautions and requirements to follow, and prepare the tools needed in the installation process.

  • (a) Improper operation may cause personal injury or device damage when installing the USG device. To protect personal and device safety, please follow the signs on it and any safety precautions in the manual when installing, operating and maintaining the device. Precautions, cautions, warnings and hazards shown in the manual do not cover all safety precautions to be followed, only as supplementary precautions.

  • (b) Before installing a USG device, please check whether the installation environment meets the requirements to ensure the normal operation and extended service life of the device.

  • (c) The following tools are needed in the installation of the USG device: Phillips screwdriver (M3–M6), socket wrench (M6, M8, M12, M14, M17, and M19), needle-nose pliers, diagonal pliers, etc.

• 2. Installation of the main body

  USG6310/6320/6510-SJJ supports three installation scenarios, namely, installation in a 19-inch (about 48 cm) standard cabinet, installation on a workbench and installation on a wall.

  • (a) Scenario 1: Installation in a 19-inch (about 48 cm) standard cabinet.

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Fix the mounting ears to the device case. Fix the mounting ears to both sides of the device case with a Phillips screwdriver and M4 screws, as shown in Fig. 3.103.

    • (ii) Install the floating nuts The installation position of the floating nut is shown in Fig. 3.104.

    • (iii) Install the floating nut matched with the M6 screw, as shown in Fig. 3.105.

    • (iv) Install the device into the cabinet. Set the M6 screws into the two lower floating nuts with the Phillips screwdriver. Do not tighten them first, but keep the screws exposed about 2 mm, as shown in Fig. 3.106.

    • (v) Hold the device and move it into the cabinet slowly, so that the mounting ears on both sides hooks the exposed part of the M6 screws. Tighten the exposed M6 screws with the Phillips screwdriver, and then install the upper M6 screws to fix the device to the cabinet with the mounting ears, as shown in Fig. 3.107.

    After the installation is completed, the following checks should be made: the USG device is firmly placed in the cabinet; there are no objects around the USG that hinder the heat dissipation.

  • (b) Scenario 2: mounting to workbench.

    If there is no cabinet, the USG 6310/6320/6510-SJJ can be installed on the workbench. The USG device comes with four adhesive pads, which can be attached to the bottom of the USG to ensure the smooth contact between the device and the workbench, and avoid scratches caused by friction between the surface of the USG and the workbench.

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Paste the four adhesive pads onto the circular embossing areas at the bottom of the USG device.

    • (ii) Place the USG device on the clean workbench, as shown in Fig. 3.108.

    After the installation is completed, the following checks should be made: the USG device is firmly placed on the workbench; this is a space of more than 10 mm around the USG for heat dissipation and there are no objects around the USG that hinder the heat dissipation.

  • (c) Scenario 3: mounting to wall.

  • (d) When there is no cabinet, the USG6310/6320/6510-SJJ can also be installed on the wall, but the wall must be a load-bearing wall. The installation height of the device is recommended to facilitate the check of the indicator light status.

  • (e) The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Position the two mounting holes on the wall with a ruler measure and mark them with a marker pen. The two holes should be in a horizontal line, as shown in Fig. 3.109.

    • (ii) Drill holes and mount the screws The mounting screws should be tightened firmly and reliably, otherwise the router may fall down due to the tension when the cable is connected. Choose the drill bit according to the outer diameter of the screw, and the outer diameter should not exceed 4 mm. Knock the plastic expansion tubes into the mounting holes respectively. Align the screws to the plastic expansion tubes, and then screw them into the wall using a Phillips screwdriver with 2 mm body of the screws left outside the wall, as shown in Fig. 3.110.

    • (iii) Mount the USG to the wall Align the mounting holes on the back of the USG device with the screws to hang the USG on the wall. USG supports two-way wall-mounted installation. To prevent device damage caused by water infiltration at the interfaces, it is recommended to install the device with the interface facing down, as shown in Fig. 3.111.

    After the installation is completed, the following checks should be made: the USG device is firmly mounted on the wall; this is a space of more than 10 mm around the USG for heat dissipation and there are no objects around the USG that hinder the heat dissipation.

• 3. Connect the power adapter.

  The USG6310/6320/6510-SJJ provides a power adapter for power supply. Before connecting the power adapter, prepare an AC power cable for connecting the power adapter to the power supply of the equipment room.

  The steps are as follows.

  • (a) Confirm that the protective grounding cable is well grounded.

  • (b) Insert the cable buckle into the jack beside the power socket.

  • (c) Connect the power adapter.

  • (d) Insert the C13 plug of AC power cable into C14 socket end of the power adapter. Insert the 4PIN plug of the power adapter into the power socket on the back panel of the USG, and adjust the cable buckle to the appropriate position.

  • (e) Cover the cable of the power adapter with the cable buckle, and adjust the buckle to fasten the power adapter.

  • (f) Insert the other end of the AC power cable into the AC power socket or the output socket of AC power-supplied device, as shown in Fig. 3.112. The USG has no power switch. Whether USG device is powered on immediately is determined by the switch of power supply.

  After the power cable is connected, the following checks should be completed: check that the connection between the power cable and the power interface is firm and reliable. If more than one USG device is installed, attach a label with code to both ends of each power cable for identification.

• 4. Power on and off

  To ensure that the USG6310/6320/6510-SJJ can start normally and ensure personal and device safety, please operate in strict accordance with the power-on and power-off requirements. Before the device is powered on, check that the power cable and the protective grounding cable are connected; and confirm the position of the power supply switch in the equipment room, so as to cut off the power supply in time in case of accident.

  The steps are as follows.

  • (a) Power on the device. Turn on the power switch of the power supply device, and then the USG starts. After the USG is started, check whether the USG is running normally according to the indicator light status of the front panel. When the USG is running normally, the indicator LEDs are displayed as shown in Fig. 3.113.

  • (b) Power off the device. If the device is configured, save the data before powering off the device, otherwise the configuration will be lost. If the device is not used for a long time, it is necessary to turn off the power switch. After the device is powered off, keep it properly according to the storage requirements.

Fig. 3.103

Fix the mounting ears to the device case

Fig. 3.104

The installation position of the floating nut

Fig. 3.105

Install the floating nut matched with the M6 screw

Fig. 3.106

Install the M6 screw into the cabinet

Fig. 3.107

Install the device into the cabinet

Fig. 3.108

Place the USG device on the clean workbench

Fig. 3.109

Mark the mounting holes

Fig. 3.110

Drill holes and mount the screws

Fig. 3.111

Mount the USG to the wall

Fig. 3.112

Connect the power adapter

Fig. 3.113

Indicator state when the USG is running normally

3.2.5 Installation of the Network Management Device

The following takes the RH2288H V3 Server as an example to explain the installation steps of network management device.

• 1. Installation preparation

  First of all, tools and accessories should be prepared, including Phillips screwdriver, flat-head screwdriver, mounting bar for floating nuts, stripping pliers, diagonal pliers, cable clamp, tape measure, multimeter, network tester, binding strap, ESD wrist strap or ESD gloves, etc.

• 2. Installation of the server

  • (a) Install the server on the retractable slide rail (for cabinets of all manufacturers).

    Stacking servers directly will cause damage to the servers, so the servers must be installed on the slide rails. Retractable slide rails are divided into left and right retractable slide rails. The slide rail marked with “L” is the left slide rail, and that marked with “R” is the right slide rail. Do not install them in the wrong direction. The front and rear mounting bars in the cabinet for the RH2288H V3 Server should be 543.5–848.5 mm apart. By adjusting the length of the retractable slide rails, the server can be installed in cabinets with different depths.

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Install the retractable slide rails according to the installation instructions.

    • (ii) At least two people lift the server horizontally, place the server on the retractable slide rails and push it into the cabinet. If the disk is pulled out during transportation, the position of each disk slot should be recorded, and the disk should be inserted after the installation, otherwise the pre-installed system will fail to start. When pushing the server into the cabinet, care should be taken to avoid the server bumping into the mounting bars of the cabinet.

    • (iii) When the mounting ears on both ends of the server cling to the mounting bars of the cabinet, tighten the loose screws on the mounting ears to fix the server, as shown in Fig. 3.114.

  • (b) Install the server on the L-shaped slide rail (only for Huawei cabinets).

    Stacking servers directly will cause damage to the servers, so the servers must be installed on the slide rails. The L-shaped slide rail is only suitable for Huawei cabinets.

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Install the floating nuts, as shown in Fig. 3.115.

      Floating nuts are installed inside the cabinet to provide screw holes for the M6 screws used to fix the server.

      • Fasten the lower end of the floating nut in front of the cabinet and fix it on the mounting hole of the guide groove.

      • Pull the upper end of the floating nut with the mounting bar and install it on the mounting hole in front of the cabinet.

    • (ii) Install the L-style slide rails, as shown in Fig. 3.116.

      • According to the planned position, place the slide rail horizontally, close to the mounting bar of the cabinet.

      • Tighten the fastening screws of the slide rail clockwise.

      • Use the same method to install another slide rail.

    • (iii) At least two people lift the server horizontally, place the server on the retractable slide rails and push it into the cabinet. If the disk is pulled out during transportation, the position of each disk slot should be recorded, and the disk should be inserted after the installation, otherwise the pre-installed system will fail to start. When pushing the server into the cabinet, care should be taken to avoid the server bumping into the mounting bars of the cabinet.

    • (iv) When the mounting ears on both ends of the server cling to the mounting bars of the cabinet, tighten the loose screws on the mounting ears to fix the server.

  • (c) Install the power cable.

    It is forbidden to install the power cable live. Before installing the power cable, you must turn off the power switch to avoid personal injury. In order to ensure personal and device safety, please use the matching power cables.

    The steps are as follows.

    • (i) Insert one end of the AC power cable into the cable interface of the power module on the back panel of the server.

    • (ii) Insert the other end of the AC power cable into the AC busbar of the cabinet. The AC busbar is located at the back the cabinet and horizontally fixed on the cabinet. You can select the jack on the nearest AC busbar to plug in the power cable.

    • (iii) Bind the power cable to the cabinet cable groove with a binding strap, as shown in Fig. 3.117.

  • (d) Install the signal cable.

    The RH2288 H V3 Server interface (rear view) is shown in Fig. 3.118, and its description is listed in Table 3.25. Signal cable connection involves the following situations.

    • (i) Network cable connection of stand alone system

      Connect the network port of the server to the switch according to the actual networking. For networking, the stand alone system should be connected to at least one service network port. To remotely manage the server, connect the MGMT port of the server to the maintenance network.

    • (ii) Network cable connection of local high-availability system

      The network cable connection of local high-availability system is shown in Fig. 3.119. Connect the network port of the server to the switch according to the actual networking. For networking, the local high-availability system needs to connect four service ports. The network ports 1 and 3 are configured with Bond as the system and application cables, and the network ports 2 and 4 are configured with Bond as the heartbeat and replication cables. The heartbeat and replication cables between the master and standby servers are directly connected, and the two directly connected network cables must be Cat 5e cables no less than 60 m. To remotely manage the server, connect the MGMT port of the server to the maintenance network.

    • (iii) Network cable connection of remote high-availability system

      The network cable connection of remote high-availability system is shown in Fig. 3.120. Connect the network port of the server to the switch according to the actual networking. For networking, the remote high-availability system needs to connect four service ports. The network ports 1 and 3 are configured with Bond as the system and application cables, and the network ports 2 and 4 are configured with Bond as the heartbeat and replication cables. To remotely manage the server, connect the MGMT port of the server to the maintenance network.

    • (iv) Lay the cables.

      The cabling inside the cabinet is shown in Fig. 3.121. Note that the network cable should be bound every 20 cm to ensure the cleanliness inside the cabinet. The cabling between the cabinets is shown in Fig. 3.122.

  • (e) Check upon installation.

    Detailed inspection is required after installation, including installation inspection of power cables and signal cables. The checklists are shown in Tables 3.26 and 3.27.

Fig. 3.114

Install the server

Fig. 3.115

Install the floating nuts

Fig. 3.116

Install the L-style slide rails

Fig. 3.117

Install the power cable

Fig. 3.118

RH2288 H V3 Server interface (rear view)

Table 3.25 Description of RH2288 H V3 Server interface (rear view)

Fig. 3.119

Network cable connection of local high-availability system

Fig. 3.120

Network cable connection of remote high-availability system

Fig. 3.121

Cabling inside the cabinet

Fig. 3.122

Cabling between the cabinet (lower cabling [left] and upper cabling [right])

Table 3.26 Installation inspection of power cables

Table 3.27 Installation inspection of signal cables

3.3 Summary

This chapter introduces the common routers, switches, WLAN devices, firewalls and network management devices in the network, and takes Huawei devices as examples to introduce the corresponding hardware and specific installation steps in detail. Through the study of this chapter, readers should have known the hardware knowledge of common network devices, and been able to independently complete the installation of network hardware.

3.4 Exercise

• 1. Huawei routers can be classified into () by appearance.

  • A. Case-shaped routers

  • B. Chassis-shaped routers

  • C. Backbone-layer routers

  • D. Access layer

• 2. The number “48” in the model of Switch S5730S-H48T4XC-MA indicates ().

  • A. Network positioning

  • B. Switch sub-series

  • C. Industrial symbol

  • D. Number of downlink interfaces

• 3. The sequence of steps for installation of a case-shaped router is ().

  • A. Power on and off

  • B. Installation preparation

  • C. Router connection

  • D. Installation of the main body of the case-shaped router

  A. bdca B. adbc C. cadb D. abcd

• 4. The sequence of steps for installation of the firewall is ().

  • A. Power on and off

  • B. Installation of the firewall

  • C. Connection of the power adapter

  • D. Installation preparation

  A. bcda B. dbca C. acdb D. abcd

• 5. The sequence of steps for installation of a server is ().

  • A. Installation preparation

  • B. Installation of the server

  • C. Cable laying

  • D. Installation of the power cable

  • E. Installation of the signal cable.

  A. deabc B. adebc C. abdec D. abcde.