Abstract
In spite of discovery of hysteresis characteristic in Rochelle salt, the phenomenon was recognised as anomalous dielectric response. As magnitude of spontaneous polarisation varied by changing temperature, stable ferroelectric structure was ungiven. In potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4), sharp peak appeared in temperature versus dielectric constant plot. Below Curie temperature, ferroelectric hysteresis loop was observed. Ferroelectric hysteresis characteristic was also confirmed in KH2PO4 family: KH2AsO4. At that time, theoretical investigation was also started. The situation of dielectric study dramatically changed in the 1940s. Ogawa discovered that at room temperature, anomalously high dielectric constant is shown in BaTiO3 perovskite. The relation between spontaneous polarisation and crystal structure was investigated. It was concluded that tetragonal structure is responsible for spontaneous polarisation. Hippel et al. defined that ferroelectricity is the phenomenon that high dielectric constant maximum is connected with the concerted atomic displacements. After that, ferroelectricity has been used as scientific academic term in chemistry and physics. In BaTiO3 perovskite, ferroelectric behaviour is unstable. Because phase transition temperature is overlapped with operation temperature. In the 1990s, alternative ferroelectric, lead zirconate titanate: PbZrxTi1-xO3 perovskite (PZT) was employed as ferroelectric of Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FeRAM). However, from the viewpoints of environment and health problems, Pb-free ferroelectrics have been required. Finally, other ferroelectric perovskites and hafnium oxide are shortly introduced.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
J. Valasek, Phys. Rev. 17, 475-481 (1921)
W. P. Mason, Phys. Rev. 72, 854-865 (1947)
G. Busch, P. Sherrer, Naturwissenschaften 23, 737 (1935)
B.C. Frazer, R. Pepinsky, Phys. Rev. 85, 479-480 (1952)
G. Busch, Helv. Phys. Acta. 11, 269-298 (1938)
J. C. Slater, J Chem Phys 9, 16-33 (1941)
S. Sawada, Butsuri 51, 633–638 (1996). https://doi.org/10.11316/butsuri1946.51.633
T. Ogawa, Busseiron Kenkyu 1947 (6), 1–27 (1947). https://doi.org/10.11177/busseiron1943.1947.6_1
E. Sawaguchi, Oyo Butsuri 75, 1202–1209 (2006). https://doi.org/10.11470/oubutsu.75.10_1202
S. Miyake, R. Ueda, Busseiron Kenkyu 1947(6), 38–47 (1947). https://doi.org/10.11177/busseiron1943.1947.6_38
S. Miyake, R. Ueda, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 2, 93-97 (1947)
H. Takahashi, T. Nakamura, Busseiron Kenkyu 1947 (6), 27–38 (1947). https://doi.org/10.11177/busseiron1943.1947.6_27
A. von Hippel, R. G. Breckenridge, F. G. Chesley, L. Tisza, Ind. Eng. Chem. 38, 1097-1109 (1946)
A. von Hippel, Rev. Mod. Phys. 22, 221-237 (1950)
Madelung O, Rössler U, Schulz M (ed.) SpringerMaterials (2000) BaTiO3 crystal structure, lattice parameters, Landolt-Börnstein - Group III Condensed Matter 41E
H. E. Kay, P. Vousden, Philos. Mag. 40, 1019-1040 (1949)
R. G. Rhodes, Acta. Cryst. 2, 417-419 (1949)
W. J. Merz, Phys. Rev. 88, 421-422 (1952)
W. J. Merz, Phys. Rev. 95, 690-698 (1954)
W. J. Merz, J. Appl. Phys. 27:938-943 (1956)
W. Kinase, H. Takahashi, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 12, 464-476 (1957)
R. Landauer, J. Appl. Phys. 28, 227-234 (1957)
H. L. Stadler, J. Appl. Phys. 29, 1485-1487 (1958)
R. C. Miller, A. Savage, Phys. Rev. 112, 755-762 (1958)
R. C. Miller, A. Savage, Phys. Rev. 115, 1176-1180 (1959)
R. C. Miller, A. Savage, Phys. Rev. Lett. 2, 294-296 (1959)
A. F. Devonshire, Phil. Mag. J. Sci. 40, 1040-1063 (1949)
A. F. Devonshire, Phil. Mag. J. Sci. 42, 1065-1079 (1951)
A. F. Devonshire, Ferroelectricity The Fundamental Collections, ed. by J. A. Gonzalo, B. Jiménez, Wiley, 42–65 (2005)
B. Noheda, J. A. Gonzalo, L. E. Cross, R. Guo, S.-E. Park, D. E. Cox, G. Shirane, Phys. Rev. B, 61, 8687-8695 (2000)
A. Bouzid, E.M. Bourim, M. Gabbay, G. Fantozzi, J. Eur. Cera. Soc. 25, 3213–3221 (2005)
E. Cross, Nature 432, 24-25 (2004)
Y. Saito, H. Takao, T. Tani, T. Nonoyama, K. Takatori, T. Homma, T. Nagaya, M Nakamura, Nature 432, 84-87 (2004)
Y. Guo, K. Kakimoto, H. Ohsato, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 4121-4123 (2004)
T. Takenaka, K. Maruyama, K. Sakata, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 30, 2236-2239 (1991)
C. A. Araujo, J. D. Cuchiaro, L. D. McMillan, M. C. Scott, J. F. Scott, Nature 374, 627-629 (1995)
D. Rae, J. G. Thompson, R. L. Withers, Acta Cryst. B48, 418-428 (1992)
Y. Shimakawa, Y. Kubo, Y. Nakagawa, T. Kamiyama, H. Asano, and F. Izumi, Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 1904 (1999)
M. H. Franoombe, B. Lewis, Acta Cryst. 11, 696-703 (1958)
E. C. Subbarao, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 43, 439-442 (1960)
E. C. Subbarao, J. Hrizo, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 45, 528-531 (1962)
T. Mikolajick, U. Schroeder, Nature Materials 20, 718-719 (2021)
S. Horiguchi, Y. Tokura, Nature Materials 7, 357-366 (2008)
A. S. Tayi, A. Kaeser, M. Matsumoto, T. Aida, S. I. Stupp, Nature Chemistry 7, 281-294 (2015)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Onishi, T. (2022). Ferroelectric Materials: History and Present Status. In: Ferroelectric Perovskites for High-Speed Memory. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2669-3_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2669-3_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-19-2668-6
Online ISBN: 978-981-19-2669-3
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)