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Surface Modification of Additively Manufactured Materials: Adding Functionality as Fourth Dimension

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Additive Manufacturing for Chemical Sciences and Engineering

Abstract

The emergence of additive manufacturing (AM) as an industry standard has brought unprecedented opportunity to many fields. Some examples of areas that particularly benefit from this technology include biological implantation, biomedicine, aerospace, advanced materials, automotive, tooling, and many chemical industries. This vast and growing sphere of application has prompted the need for specialised technology that enables tailor-made products. Nonetheless, the majority of printable materials currently available on the market are restricted to proprietary polymers, metal powders and ceramics, which are quickly proving to be inadequate for many applications. Typical AM processes build monofunctional structures with single materials. Hence, post-processing and surface chemical modification of AM printed materials are critical in providing a range of new functional and diverse chemical functionalities. Surface functionalization of 3D printed materials is quickly gaining significant traction as a sub-discipline, as this approach can address the technical challenges associated with optimizing the performance of AM end-user products. This chapter presents an overview of the novel post-physical treatments and surface chemical functionalization required to customize AM printed materials for a wide variety of applications. This chapter further gives indication as to the challenges associated with this field of study, including the status of research and the future avenues that may be able to exploit the true potential of this technology.

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Abbreviations

3D:

Three-dimensional

AM:

Additive Manufacturing

ATRP:

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

BMP:

Bone Morphogenic Protein

DGEA:

Asparagine-glycineglutamate-alanine

DMLS:

Direct Metal Laser Sintering

DSC:

Differential Scanning Calorimetry

EBM:

Electron Beam Melting

EDM:

Electrical Discharge Machining

ESD:

Electrospray Deposition

FDM:

Fused Deposition Modelling

GFOGER:

glycine-phenylalanine-hydroxyprolineglycine-glutamate-arginine

HDI:

Hexamethylenediisocyanate

HIP:

Hot Isostatic Pressing

NP:

Nanoparticles

PEM:

Polymer Electrolyte Membrane

PEO:

Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation

PLA:

Polylactic acid

RAFT:

Reversible Addition—Fragmentation chain-transfer

RC:

Robocasting

SEM:

Scanning Electron Microscopy

SI-ATRP:

Surface-initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

SLA:

Stereolithography

SLED:

Self-limiting Electrospray Deposition

SLM:

Selective Laser Melting

UNSM:

Ultrasonic Nanocrystalline Surface Modification

UV:

Ultraviolet

XPS:

X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Roxanne Hubesch, Uzma Malik, PR. Selvakannan & Suresh K. Bhargava

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, India

    Lakshmi Kantam Mannepalli

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  1. Roxanne Hubesch
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  2. Uzma Malik
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  3. PR. Selvakannan
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  4. Lakshmi Kantam Mannepalli
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  5. Suresh K. Bhargava
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Correspondence to Suresh K. Bhargava .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Suresh K. Bhargava

  2. Centre for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Seeram Ramakrishna

  3. Centre for Additive Manufacturing, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Milan Brandt

  4. Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    PR. Selvakannan

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Hubesch, R., Malik, U., Selvakannan, P., Mannepalli, L.K., Bhargava, S.K. (2022). Surface Modification of Additively Manufactured Materials: Adding Functionality as Fourth Dimension. In: Bhargava, S.K., Ramakrishna, S., Brandt, M., Selvakannan, P. (eds) Additive Manufacturing for Chemical Sciences and Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2293-0_6

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