Skip to main content
  • 326 Accesses

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic also revealed lacks of moralities of the citizens in some countries. As mentioned before, it can discover the answer to sustain “reward or punishment”. Further, the author wonders how to realize the formation of ethics and morality in each level of individual and the society, and how to incite “self-sacrifice” and altruism, and how not to induce each individual to rife with selfishness. Regarding above concerns, many societies and cultures have articulated the provisions that facilitate individual adaptation and encourage the formation of common values throughout society through some form of religious values and other constraints. Especially, the ancient Chinese social morality has rich useful implications even in the modern digital society. China is traditionally thought of as a tyrannical political system, but it is underpinned by a specific ethical foundation linked from individual morality to the morality of society as a whole. This chapter argues that such moral ethics is equally essential for the modern citizen living in a decentralized and pervasive digital network.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    https://stopcovid19.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/en/cards/monitoring-status-overview.

  2. 2.

    https://corona.go.jp/.

  3. 3.

    https://mobakumap.jp/.

  4. 4.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Methods_of_the_Sima.

  5. 5.

    https://data.oecd.org/economy.htm#profile-Productivity.

  6. 6.

    https://www.who.int/initiatives/act-accelerator.

  7. 7.

    https://headlines.yahoo.co.jp/article?a=20200425-00000005-courrier-int&p=3 (in Japanese).

  8. 8.

    Online survey conducted by Singapore’s Blackbox Research and France’s Toluna: https://blackbox.com.sg/everyone/2020/05/06/most-countries-covid-19-responses-rated-poorly-by-own-citizens-in-first-of-its-kind-global-survey.

References

  • Ackeren, M., & Archer, A. (2018). Self-sacrifice and moral philosophy. International Journal of Philosophical Studies, 26(3), 301–307.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ackeren, M., & Archer, A. (2020). Sacrifice and moral philosophy. Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Akerlof, G. A. (1970). The market for “lemons”: Quality uncertainty and the market mechanism. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 84(3), 488–500.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aral, S., & Eckles, D. (2019). Protecting elections from social media manipulation. Science, 365(6456), 858–861.

    Google Scholar 

  • Axelrod, R. (1997). The complexity of cooperation. Princeton University Press.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Bonotti, M., & Zech, S. T. (2021). Recovering civility during COVID-19. Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowles, S. (2012). The new economics of inequality and redistribution. Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Cederman, L. S. (2005). Computational models of social forms: Advancing generative process theory. American Journal of Sociology, 110(4), 864–893.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cui, H., & Kertész, J. (2021). Attention dynamics on the Chinese social media Sina Weibo during the COVID-19 pandemic. EPJ Data Science, 10, 8. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-021-00263-0

  • Erev, I., Plonsky, O., & Roth, Y. (2020). Complacency, panic, and the value of gentle rule enforcement in addressing pandemics. Nature Human Behaviour. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-020-00939-z

  • Escolà-Gascón, A. (2021). New techniques to measure lie detection using COVID-19 fake news and the multivariable multiaxial suggestibility inventory-2 (MMSI-2). Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 3.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2020.100049

  • Fia, M., & Sacconi, L. (2019). Justice and corporate governance: New insights from Rawlsian social contract and Sen’s capabilities approach. Journal of Business Ethics, 160, 937–960.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Franks, D. D., & Turner, J. H. (2012). Handbook of neurosociology. Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Habermas, J. (1976). Legitimation crisis. Heinemann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hobbes, T. (2009). Leviathan. Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hooper, P. L., Kaplan, H. S., & Jaeggi, A. V. (2021). Gains to cooperation drive the evolution of egalitarianism. Nature Human Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-021-01059-y

  • Hosono, A., Page, J., & Shimada, G. (2020). Workers, managers, productivity: Kaizen in developing countries. Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, G. F. (2008). Deliberative democracy for the future: The case of nuclear waste management in Canada. University of Toronto Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Kant, I. (2017) Fundamental principles of the metaphysic of morals (English trans. ed.). Createspace Independent Publication.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kawachi, I., & Berkman, L. F. (Eds.). (2003). Neighborhoods and health. Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mill, J. S. (1989). On liberty. Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meulen, R. (2016). Solidarity, justice, and recognition of the other. Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics, 37, 517–529.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moore, G. E. (1903). Principia Ethica. Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nowak, M. A., & Sigmund, K. (2005). Evolution of indirect reciprocity. Nature, 43(7), 1291–1298.

    Google Scholar 

  • ÓhÉigeartaigh, S. S., Whittlestone, J., Liu, Y., Zeng, Y., & Liu, Z. (2020). Overcoming barriers to cross-cultural cooperation in AI ethics and governance. Philosophy & Technology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-020-00402-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rawls, J. (1971). A theory of justice. Harvard University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Rawls, J. (2001). Justice as fairness a restatement. Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz, S. H. (1970). Elicitation of moral obligation and self-sacrificing behavior: An experimental study of volunteering to be a bone marrow donor. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 15(4), 283–329.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shibuya, K. (2012). A study on participatory support networking by voluntary citizens-the lessons from the Tohoku earthquake disaster. Oukan, 6(2), 79–86. (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Shibuya, K. (2017a). An exploring study on networked market disruption and resilience. KAKENHI Report. (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Shibuya, K. (2017b). Bridging between cyber politics and collective dynamics of social movement. In M. Khosrow-Pour (Ed.), Encyclopedia of information science and technology (4th ed., pp. 3538–3548). IGI Global.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shibuya, K. (2020a). Digital transformation of identity in the age of artificial intelligence. Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Shibuya, K. (2020b). Identity health. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7121317/; Shibuya, K. (2020). Digital transformation of identity in the age of artificial intelligence. Springer.

  • Shibuya, K. (2021a). Breaking fake news and verifying truth. In M. Khosrow-Pour (Ed.), Encyclopedia of information science and technology (5th, ed., pp. 1469–1480). IGI Global.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shibuya, K. (2021b). A risk management on demographic mobility of evacuees in disaster. In M. Khosrow-Pour (Ed.), Encyclopedia of information science and technology (5th ed., pp. 1612–1622). IGI Global.

    Google Scholar 

  • Slokenberga, S., Tzortzatou, O., & Reichel, J. (2021). GDPR and biobanking individual rights, public interest and research regulation across Europe. Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spinoza, B. (2008). Ethica, ordine geometrico demonstrata, BiblioLife (English translated edition).

    Google Scholar 

  • Triandis, H. S. (1995). Individualism and collectivism. Westview Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner, J. H. (Ed.). (2001). Handbook of sociological theory. Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Viviani, P., & Pasi, G. (2017). Credibility in social media: Opinions, news, and health information—A survey. Wires Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, 7.https://doi.org/10.1002/widm.1209

  • Walzer, W. (2006). Just and unjust wars: A moral argument with historical illustrations (4th ed.). Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, L., & Graddy, E. (2008). Social capital, volunteering, and charitable giving. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 19(1), 23–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willer, R. (2009). Groups reward individual sacrifice: The status solution to the collective action problem. American Sociological Review, 74(1), 23–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, J. (2000). Volunteering. Annual Review of Sociology, 26, 215–240.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kazuhiko Shibuya .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Shibuya, K. (2022). Five Virtues to Be Digitized Norms. In: The Rise of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data in Pandemic Society. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0950-4_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0950-4_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-19-0949-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-19-0950-4

  • eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics