Abstract
This chapter analyses the macro-level conditions that exist in India vis-à-vis the key attributes that have bearing on the type of water supply schemes that would be sustainable in a rural area. The attributes considered are: surface hydrology; topography; geology and geohydrology; groundwater chemistry; and nature and degree of over-exploitation of groundwater. Subsequently, the hydroclimatic zones in India, where groundwater-based schemes are unlikely to be sustainable, are identified and the reasons explained. Further, strategies for the provision of rural drinking water supply in those regions from surface water resources are evolved, based on consideration of surface hydrology and topography. The key institutional and policy reforms that are required to manage rural water supply on a sustainable basis are also discussed.
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Notes
- 1.
The catchment yield considered here also includes the baseflow (groundwater outflow into streams), which is influenced heavily by the formation characteristics and terrain conditions that govern the groundwater flow gradient.
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Dinesh Kumar, M., Bassi, N., Kumar, S. (2022). Managing Rural Drinking Water Supply Across Hydro-climatic Zones of India. In: Drinking Water Security in Rural India. Water Resources Development and Management. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9198-0_9
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