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Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Tuberculosis

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Book cover Tuberculosis of the Gastrointestinal system

Abstract

Tuberculosis can involve any organ situated in the abdomen and gastrointestinal tuberculosis is a frequent site of involvement. Exact data on incidence and proportion of gastrointestinal tuberculosis but may account for around 10% of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberculosis of the peritoneum followed by intestinal tuberculosis is the most common type of abdominal tuberculosis. While peritoneal tuberculosis is often considered the most frequent form of gastrointestinal tuberculosis, most reports from tertiary centers suggest a preponderance of intestinal tuberculosis. The two forms may coexist in around 10% of cases. Gastrointestinal tuberculosis also includes the less frequent variants like visceral tuberculosis (hepatobiliary system, pancreas, and spleen) and other luminal forms (gastro-duodenal, esophageal). The risk factors for abdominal tuberculosis are cirrhosis of the liver, HIV/AIDS, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and malnutrition. This chapter reviews the epidemiological information about gastrointestinal tuberculosis of each intra-abdominal organ/system, including the magnitude of the burden, demographics, risk factors contributing to the disease, drug resistance, and finally the outcomes.

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  1. Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Pradyumna Bal Memorial Hospital, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India

    Preetam Nath

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  1. Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India

    Vishal Sharma

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Nath, P. (2022). Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Tuberculosis. In: Sharma, V. (eds) Tuberculosis of the Gastrointestinal system. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9053-2_2

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