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Ascitic Fluid Testing for Peritoneal Tuberculosis

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Tuberculosis of the Gastrointestinal system

Abstract

Peritoneal tuberculosis or tuberculous peritonitis (TBP) may account for 30–60% of abdominal tuberculosis. A timely diagnosis is of paramount importance to reduce morbidity and mortality. The presence of ascites offers an opportunity to make a timely diagnosis and hence no opportunity of ascitic fluid analysis should be missed. Tuberculous peritonitis is usually suspected in low serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) ascites. Peritoneal tuberculosis is a paucibacillary disease hence it is difficult to isolate the Mycobacterium. Indirect tests therefore, can complement in diagnosis. These tests include adenosine deaminase level, Interferon γ levels and ascitic fluid interferon gamma assay. These complementary tests can form a basis for invasive testing like laparoscopy or can guide a trial of treatment. Confirmatory diagnosis is done by ascitic fluid acid fast (AFB) staining, AFB culture and nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT).

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Dr. Kapil Dhingra, Dr. Nidhi Sharma.

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  1. Department of Gastroenterology, SMS Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur, India

    Gaurav K. Gupta & Sandeep Nijhawan

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  1. Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India

    Vishal Sharma

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Gupta, G.K., Nijhawan, S. (2022). Ascitic Fluid Testing for Peritoneal Tuberculosis. In: Sharma, V. (eds) Tuberculosis of the Gastrointestinal system. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9053-2_13

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