Abstract
The brain’s cognitive operation for emotion and perception is captured by fMRI images, which activates or deactivates different functional regions in synchronization with the human thoughts and expressions of emotional states. These synchronized pairs of emotional states and images of activated brain regions of interest (ROI) are called functional images. These images are not useful until we couple the brain’s anatomical map or brain atlases with the ROI images. The coupling of two maps is called normalization, here we used both MNI and Talairach standards. Then, we investigated five ROI domains of behavioral response shifts, e.g., Action, Cognition, Emotion, Interoception, and Perception to find spatial jumps, periodic jumps between spaces, or multiple ROIs to find invariant geometric shapes. Each brain function has a specific set of geometric shapes that remain invariant in a 3D orientation, invariants are subject independent, correlate brain behavior and functions with comparative geometric shapes. Our finding paves the way to integrate spatio-temporal dynamics of hierarchically connected behavioral responses.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Dave Sonntag and Martin Timms for the independent test and verification of our device as part of patent US9019685B2. Authors acknowledge the Asian office of Aerospace R&D (AOARD), a part of the United States Air Force (USAF), for Grant no. FA2386-16-1-0003 (2016–2019) on the electromagnetic resonance-based communication and intelligence of biomaterials. Authors also acknowledge the financial assistance of Scheme for Promotion of Academic and Research Collaboration (SPARC) an MHRD, Govt of India initiative for the project titled 'Management of Fractal Time in High-level Decision Making' (Govt of India, MHRD; project number P 524; Start date: 15.03. 2019-14.03.2021; Duration:2 years).
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Pattanayak, A. et al. (2022). Meta-Analysis of fMRI for Emotional and Cognitive States Shows Hierarchical Invariant Optimization in Brain. In: Kaiser, M.S., Bandyopadhyay, A., Ray, K., Singh, R., Nagar, V. (eds) Proceedings of Trends in Electronics and Health Informatics. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 376. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8826-3_23
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