Abstract
At present, the world is facing the most challenging environmental issues including air and water pollution due to rapid industrialization, indiscriminate increase in population and energy demands. To address these issues, adsorption techniques that are simple, efficient, cheap with less environmental impact are employed for capturing toxic gases and water pollutants. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials are emerging as a new class of adsorbents in contrast to the traditional adsorbents. This could be attributed to their high surface area-to-volume ratio, atomic-level thickness, excellent mechanical strength and entirely accessible active sites. Recently, many scientists have vested their research interests in atomically thin 2D nanomaterial composites for a variety of applications such as removal of toxic gases and water treatment, to name a few. This chapter mainly focuses on the state-of-the-art development of novel 2D nanomaterials, namely metal nitrides (MXenes), phosphorene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) as potential adsorbents for the adsorptive removal of toxic gases from the air, and organic dyes, and heavy metal ions (HMIs) removal from aqueous media. At first, the synthesis and properties of various types of 2D nanomaterial composites used for the adsorptive removal of water pollutants and toxic gases are reviewed and outlined in brief. Then, the removal of HMIs, organic dyes, and toxic gases using different 2D nanomaterials composites are discussed in detail. The chapter finally concludes with current challenges and future research needed to further advance the development of novel 2D nanomaterial composites for environmental remediation.
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Abbreviations
- Au NPs:
-
Gold nanoparticles
- BPNs/ZnO:
-
Black phosphorus nanosheets/ZnO
- CeO2–MoS2:
-
Cerium-doped molybdenum disulphide
- CH4N2S:
-
Thiourea
- CNFs:
-
Carbon nano fibers
- CR:
-
Congo red
- EY:
-
Eosin Y
- FA:
-
Fuchsin acid
- HCl:
-
Hydrochloric acid
- MB:
-
Methylene blue
- MG:
-
Malachite green
- MNP-PN-TNT:
-
Magnetic nanoparticle-Phosphorene-Titanium nano tubes
- MO:
-
Methyl orange
- MoS2/CuS NCs:
-
Molybdenum disulfide/copper(II)sulphide nanosheet composites
- MoS2/GQD:
-
Molybdenum disulfide/graphene quantum dot nanocomposite
- MoS2@2DMMT:
-
Molybdenum disulfide-montmorillonite
- MoS2-g-PDMA:
-
Molybdenum disulfide-grafted-poly(diethyl (4-vinylbenzyl) phosphonate-co-maleic anhydride)
- MoS2-rGO hybrid:
-
Molybdenum disulphide-reduced graphene oxide
- MX@ Fe3O4:
-
MXene decorated with Fe3O4
- MXene-COOH@(PEI/PAA)n:
-
Carboxyl modified MXene@(polyethylene polyimide/poly (acrylic acid)
- MXene/LDH:
-
MXene/Layered double metal hydroxide
- NaF:
-
Sodium fluoride
- NMP:
-
N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- NR:
-
Neutral red
- RhB:
-
Rhodamine B
- RhB 6G:
-
Rhodamine 6G
- RSM:
-
Response surface methodology
- ST:
-
Safranine T
- Ti3C2–SO3H:
-
Sulfonic groups functionalized titanium carbide
- Ti3C2Tx-PDOPA:
-
MXene-Levodopa composite
- TNT:
-
Titanium nano tubes
- TPAOH:
-
Tetrapropylammonium hydroxide
- WO3–BPNs:
-
Tungsten trioxide-black phosphorus composites
- WS2:
-
Tungsten disulfide
- WSe2:
-
Tungsten diselenide
- ZnIn2S4/protonated g-C3N4:
-
Zinc indium sulfide/protonated graphitic carbon nitride
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One of the authors, Tanweer S. M. is thankful to the University Grants Commission (UGC) for the Non-NET Fellowship.
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Tanweer, M.S., Chauhan, H., Alam, M. (2022). Advanced 2D Nanomaterial Composites: Applications in Adsorption of Water Pollutants and Toxic Gases. In: Khanam, Z., Gogoi, N., Srivastava, D.N. (eds) 2D Nanomaterials for Energy and Environmental Sustainability. Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8538-5_5
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