Skip to main content

University Students’ Mental Health: A Concern for All

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Handbook of Health and Well-Being

Abstract

Mental health conditions, disorders, diseases, and well-being of university students are rarely on the frontline of health regulations and global and local health agendas even though the World Health Organization (WHO, World Health Organization. (2019, October, 23). Adolescent mental health. World Health Organization (WHO). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-mental-health) estimates that worldwide about 10–20% of young people experience mental disorders. Research has shown that student mental health (SMH) and well-being impacts all aspects of student life. They are a crucial group in society in terms of human capital who contribute to future economic growth and development in a country. Hence it makes sense that student mental health is a global concern and that it should get the attention it deserves. Taking this into consideration this chapter is based on a theoretical discussion on the identification and prevalence of common mental health problems experienced by university students across the globe, the causes of their mental health problems and what universities should do to support and prevent students who experience mental health difficulties. The findings clearly articulate the need for a multidimensional and multidisciplinary approach to address the mental health challenges and well-being of university students promulgating a concern for all stakeholders.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Alonso, J., Mortier, P., Auerbach, R. P., Bruffaerts, R., Vilagut, G., Cuijpers, P., Demyttenaere, K., Ebert, D. D. Ennis, E., Gutiérrez-García R. A., & Green, J. G. (2018). Severe role impairment associated with mental disorders: Results of the WHO world mental health surveys international college student project. Depression and Anxiety, 35(9), 802–814.

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Rahmi, W., & Othman, M. (2013). The impact of social media use on academic performance among university students: A pilot study. Journal of Information Systems Research and Innovation,4(12), 1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anakwenze, U., & Zuberi, D. (2013). Mental health and poverty in the inner city. Health & Social Work,38(3), 147–157.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Andriessen, K. (2006). On “intention” in the definition of suicide. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior,36(5), 533–538.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anxiety and Depression Association of America. (2020). Facts and statistics. Retrieved from https://adaa.org/about-adaa/press-room/facts-statistics

  • Archambeau, O. G., Frueh, B. C., Deliramich, A. N., Elhai, J. D., Grubaugh, A. L., Herman, S., & Kim, B. S. (2010). Interpersonal violence and mental health outcomes among Asian American and Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander college students. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy,2(4), 273.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Auerbach, R. P., Alonso, J., Axinn, W. G., Cuijpers, P., Ebert, D. D., Green, J. G., I. Hwang, Kessler, R. C., Liu, H., Mortier, P., & Nock, M. K. (2016). Mental disorders among college students in the World Health Organization world mental health surveys. Psychological Medicine, 46(14), 2955–2970.

    Google Scholar 

  • Auerbach, R. P., Mortier, P., Bruffaerts, R., Alonso, J., Benjet, C., Cuijpers, P., Demyttenaere, K., Ebert, D. D., Green, J. G., Hasking, P., & Murray, E. (2018). WHO world mental health surveys international college student project: Prevalence and distribution of mental disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 127(7), 623.

    Google Scholar 

  • Austin, T., Bezuidenhout, C., Botha, K., Du Plessis, E., Du Plessis, L., Jordaan, E., Lake, M., Moletsane, M., Nel, J., Pillay, B., Ure, G., Visser, C., Von Krosigk, B. and Voster, A. (2014). Abnormal psychology: A South African perspective (2nd ed., pp. 382–406) Oxford University Press Southern Africa. https://www.citethisforme.com/topic-ideas/psychology/References-6426017

  • Badat, S. (2016). Black student politics: Higher education and apartheid from SASO to SANSCO, 1968–1990. Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bantjes, J., Lochner, C., Saal, W., Roos, J., Taljaard, L., Page, D., Auerbach, R. P., Mortier, P., Bruffaerts, R., Kessler, R. C., & Stein, D. J. (2019). Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of common mental disorders among first-year university students in post-apartheid South Africa: Implications for a public mental health approach to student wellness. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 922.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bantjes, J., Saal, W., Lochner, C., Roos, J., Auerbach, R. P., Mortier, P., Bruffaerts, R., Kessler, R. C., & Stein, D. J. (2020). Inequality and mental healthcare utilisation among first-year university students in South Africa. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 14(1), 5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barlow, D. H., & Durand, V. M. (2015). Abnorma; Psychology. Translated by Mehrdad Firoozbakhte. Resa Publication.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, S., Partridge, B., Lucke, J., & Hall, W. (2013). Australian university students’ attitudes towards the acceptability and regulation of pharmaceuticals to improve academic performance. Neuroethics,6(1), 197–205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhuyan, A. (2019). India’s colleges, universities need to mind students’ mental wellbeing too. The WIRE. Retrieved from https://thewire.in/health/indias-colleges-universities-need-to-mind-students-mental-wellbeing-too

  • Boyes, M. E., & Cluver, L. D. (2013). Relationships among HIV/AIDS orphanhood, stigma, and symptoms of anxiety and depression in South African youth: A longitudinal investigation using a path analysis framework. Clinical Psychological Science,1(3), 323–330.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Braddick, F., Carral, V., Jenkins, R., & Jané-Llopis, E. (2009). Child and adolescent mental health in Europe: Infrastructures, policy and programmes. Luxembourg: European Communities, 11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruffaerts, R., Mortier, P., Kiekens, G., Auerbach, R. P., Cuijpers, P., Demyttenaere, K., Green, J. G., Nock, M. K., & Kessler, R. C. (2018). Mental health problems in college freshmen: Prevalence and academic functioning. Journal of Affective Disorders, 225, 97–103.

    Google Scholar 

  • Calitz, E., & Fourie, J. (2016). The historically high cost of tertiary education in South Africa. Politikon,43(1), 149–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carter, R. T., Lau, M. Y., Johnson, V., & Kirkinis, K. (2017). Racial discrimination and health outcomes among racial/ethnic minorities: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development,45(4), 232–259.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Suicide and self-inflicted injury. National Center for Health Statistics. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/suicide.htm

  • Cole, G. J. (2019, February, 19). Why Higher Ed needs to better prioritize wellness. Keystone Academic Solutions. Retrieved from https://www.keystoneacademic.com/news/why-higher-ed-needs-to-better-prioritize-wellness

  • Collishaw, S., Furzer, E., Thapar, A. K., & Sellers, R. (2019). Brief report: A comparison of child mental health inequalities in three UK population cohorts. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry,28(11), 1547–1549.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Conley, C. S., Kirsch, A. C., Dickson, D. A., & Bryant, F. B. (2014). Negotiating the transition to college: Developmental trajectories and gender differences in psychological functioning, cognitive-affective strategies, and social well-being. Emerging Adulthood,2(3), 195–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coovadia, H., Jewkes, R., Barron, P., Sanders, D., & McIntyre, D. (2009). The health and health system of South Africa: Historical roots of current public health challenges. The Lancet,374(9692), 817–834.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cortina, M. A., Sodha, A., Fazel, M., & Ramchandani, P. G. (2012). Prevalence of child mental health problems in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine,166(3), 276–281. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.592

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cree, R. A., Bitsko, R. H., Robinson, L. R., Holbrook, J. R., Danielson, M. L., Smith, D. S., et al. (2018). Health care, family, and community factors associated with mental, behavioral, and developmental disorders and poverty among children aged 2–8 years—United States 2016. MMWR,67(5), 1377–1383.

    Google Scholar 

  • Das-Munshi, J., Lund, C., Mathews, C., Clark, C., Rothon, C., & Stansfeld, S. (2016). Mental health inequalities in adolescents growing up in post-apartheid South Africa: Cross-sectional survey, SHaW Study. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154478

  • Deb, S., Banu, P. R., Thomas, S., Vardhan, R. V., Rao, P. T., & Khawaja, N. (2016). Depression among Indian university students and its association with perceived university academic environment, living arrangements and personal issues. Asian Journal of Psychiatry,23, 108–117.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DePauw, K. (2017). Effectiveness requires psychological safety: Musings for higher education. Retrieved from https://blogs.lt.vt.edu/kpdtge/index.php/2017/09/04/effectiveness-requires-psychological-safety-musings-for-higher-education/

  • Eisenberg, D., Downs, M. F., Golberstein, E., & Zivin, K. (2009a). Stigma and help seeking for mental health among college students. Medical Care Research and Review66(5), 522–541.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisenberg, D., Golberstein, E., & Hunt, J. B. (2009b). Mental health and academic success in college. The BE Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, 9(1).

    Google Scholar 

  • Engelbrecht, L., & De Beer, J. J. (2014). Access constraints experienced by physically disabled students at a South African higher education institution. Africa Education Review,11(4), 544–562.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Flisher, A. J., Dawes, A., Kafaar, Z., Lund, C., Sorsdahl, K., Myers, B., et al. (2012). Child and adolescent mental health in South Africa. Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health,24(2), 149–161. https://doi.org/10.2989/17280583.2012.735505

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frith, E. (2016). State of the nation. https://epi.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/State-of-the-Nation-report-web.pdf

  • Gani, A. (2016, March 13). Tuition fees ‘have led to surge in students seeking counselling’. Mental health: A university crises. The Guardian, Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/education/2016/mar/13/tuition-fees-have-led-to-surge-in-students-seeking-counselling

  • Goode, J. (2007). Managing disability: Early experiences of university students with disabilities. Disability and Society,22(1), 35–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, B., Goudge, J., Ataguba, J. E., McIntyre, D., Nxumalo, N., Jikwana, S., & Chersich, M. (2011). Inequities in access to health care in South Africa. Journal of Public Health Policy,32(1), S102–S123.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hawi, N. S., & Samaha, M. (2017). The relations among social media addiction, self-esteem, and life satisfaction in university students. Social Science Computer Review,35(5), 576–586.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hawton, K., Saunders, K. E. A., & O’Conner, R. C. (2012). Self-harm and suicide in adolescents. Lancet,23, 2773–2782.

    Google Scholar 

  • Henriques, G. (2014). What is causing the college student mental health crisis? A summary of possible causes contributing to increasing mental health problems. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/za/blog/theory-knowledge/201402/what-is-causing-the-college-student-mental-health-crisis

  • Herman, A. A., Stein, D. J., Seedat, S., Heeringa, S. G., Moomal, H., & Williams, D. R. (2009a). The South African stress and health (SASH) study: 12-month and lifetime prevalence of common mental disorders. South African Medical Journal, 99(5), 339–344.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herman, A. A., Stein, D. J., Seedat, S., Heeringa, S. G., Moomal, H., & Williams, D. R. (2009b). The South African stress and health (SASH) study: 12-month and lifetime prevalence of common mental disorders. South African Medical Journal, 99(5).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodes, R. (2017). Too many rights? Reproductive freedom in post-apartheid South Africa. CSSR Working Paper No. 401. Centre for Social Science Research, University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24207

  • Hussain, R., Guppy, M., Robertson, S., & Temple, E. (2013). Physical and mental health perspectives of first year undergraduate rural university students. BMC Public Health,13(1), 848.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ibrahim, A. K., Kelly, S. J., & Glazebrook, C. (2013). Socioeconomic status and the risk of depression among UK higher education students. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology,48(9), 1491–1501.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jacob, N., & Coetzee, D. (2018). Mental illness in the Western Cape Province, South Africa: A review of the burden of disease and healthcare interventions. South African Medical Journal,108(3), 176–180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Joshi, P. T. (2018). Editorial: Global mental health: Challenges & opportunities. Child and Adolescent Mental Health,23(4), 301–302.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kessi, S., & Cornell, J. (2015). Coming to UCT: Black students, transformation and discourses of race. Journal of Student Affairs in Africa,3(2), 1–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005). Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of General Psychiatry,62(6), 593–602.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ketchen Lipson, S., Abelson, S., Ceglarek, P., Phillips, M., & Eisenberg, D. (2019). Investing in student mental health: Opportunities & benefits for college leadership. American Council on Education. https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/bitstream/handle/10919/97778/InvestingStudentMentalHealth.pdf?sequence=1

  • Kulick, A., Wernick, L. J., Woodford, M. R., & Renn, K. (2017). Heterosexism, depression, and campus engagement among LGBTQ college students: Intersectional differences and opportunities for healing. Journal of Homosexuality,64(8), 1125–1141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lau, W. W. (2017). Effects of social media usage and social media multitasking on the academic performance of university students. Computers in Human Behavior,68, 286–291.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence, D., Johnson, S., Hafekost, J., Boterhoven de Haan, K., Sawyer, M., Ainley, J., et al. (2015). Prevalence of mental disorders in Australian children and adolescents. Young Minds Matter. Retrieved from https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/9DA8CA21306FE6EDCA257E2700016945/%24File/child2.pdf

  • Lipson, S. K., & Sonneville, K. R. (2017). Eating disorder symptoms among undergraduate and graduate students at 12 US colleges and universities. Eating Behaviors,24, 81–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCauley, J. L., Amstadter, A. B., Macdonald, A., Danielson, C. K., Ruggiero, K. J., Resnick, H. S., & Kilpatrick, D. G. (2011). Non-medical use of prescription drugs in a national sample of college women. Addictive Behaviors,36(7), 690–695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.01.020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McLaughlin, K. A., & Lambert, H. K. (2017). Child trauma exposure and psychopathology: Mechanisms of risk and resilience. Current Opinion in Psychology,14, 29–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mfidi, F. H. (2017). Mental health issues of school-going adolescents in high schools in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Africa Journal of Nursing and Midwifery,19(3), 1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mokitimi, S., Schneider, M., & de Vries, P. J. (2018). Child and adolescent mental health policy in South Africa: History, current policy development and implementation, and policy analysis. International Journal of Mental Health Systems,12(1), 36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mortier, P., Demyttenaere, K., Auerbach, R. P., Green, J. G., Kessler, R. C., Kiekens, G., Nock, M. K., & Bruffaerts, R. (2015). The impact of lifetime suicidality on academic performance in college freshmen. Journal of Affective Disorders, 186, 254–260.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mutanga, O., & Walker, M. (2015). Towards a disability-inclusive higher education policy through the capabilities approach. Journal of Human Development and Capabilities,16(4), 501–517.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • National Association of Anorexia and Associated Disorders. (ANAD). (2020). Eating disorder statistics. Retrieved from https://anad.org/education-and-awareness/about-eating-disorders/eating-disorders-statistics/

  • NIH. (2020). College Drinking. National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Retrieved from https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/special-populations-co-occurring-disorders/college-drinking

  • Oakley Browne, M. A., Wells, J. E., & Scott, K. M. (2006). Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand mental health survey. Retrieved from https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/te-rau-hinengaro-new-zealand-mental-health-survey

  • Omar, M. A., Green, A. T., Bird, P. K., Mirzoev, T., Flisher, A. J., Kigozi, F., et al. (2010). Mental health policy process: A comparative study of Ghana, South Africa, Uganda and Zambia. International Journal of Mental Health Systems,4(1), 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-4458-4-24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Omigbodun, O. O., & Belfer, M. L. (2016). Building research capacity for child and adolescent mental health in Africa. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health,10, 27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-016-0119-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parekh, R. (2018). What is mental illness? Retrieved from APA https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/what-is-mental-illness

  • Patel, V., Flisher, A. J., Hetrick, S., & McGorry, P. (2007). Mental health of young people: A global public health challenge. Lancet,369, 1302–1313.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen, D. E. (2013). Gender differences in college binge drinking: Examining the role of depression and school stress. The Social Science Journal,50(4), 521–529.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peltzer, K., & Pengpid, S. (2016). Correlates of illicit drug use among university students in Africa and the Caribbean. Journal of Psychology in Africa,26(4), 390–393.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peltzer, K., & Pengpid, S. (2017). Association between tobacco use, depression, and anxiety: A cross-national study among university students from 30 low-and middle-income countries. Journal of Psychology in Africa,27(6), 483–487.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perou, R., Bitsko, R. H., Blumberg, S. J., Pastor, P., Ghandour, R. M., Gfroerer, J. C., & Huang, L. N. (2013). Mental health surveillance among children—United States, 2005–2011. MMWR Suppl,62(2), 1–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rich, S. L., Wilson, J. K., & Robertson, A. A. (2016). The impact of abuse trauma on alcohol and drug use: A study of high-risk incarcerated girls. Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse,25(3), 194–205. https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2015.1007197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenfield, S. (2012). Triple jeopardy? Mental health at the intersection of gender, race, and class. Social Science & Medicine,74(11), 1791–1801.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • SADAG. (2020). Top 5 mental problems facing students. South African Depression and Anxiety Group. Retrieved from http://www.sadag.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2362:top-5-mental-health-problems-facing-students&catid=19&Itemid=144

  • Sadler, K., Vizard, T., Ford, T., Marcheselli, F., Pearce, N., Mandalia, D., et al. (2018). Mental health of children and young people in England, 2017. Surrey: National Centre for Social Research. Retrieved from https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/mental-health-of-children-and-young-people-in-england/2017/2017

  • Sartorius, N. (2015, June). Mental health care for children and adolescents in Europe: Challenges and future perspectives. In European child & adolescent psychiatry (Vol. 24, pp. S129). Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shefer, T., Strebel, A., Ngabaza, S., & Clowes, L. (2018). Student accounts of space and safety at a South African university: Implications for social identities and diversity. South African Journal of Psychology,48(1), 61–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simsek, E., & Sali, J. B. (2014). The role of Internet addiction and social media membership on university students’ psychological capital. Contemporary Educational Technology,5(3), 239–256.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stallman, H. M. (2010). Psychological distress in university students: A comparison with general population data. Australian Psychologist,45(4), 249–257.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stansfeld, S. A., Rothon, C., Das-Munshi, J., Mathews, C., Adams, A., Clark, C., et al. (2017). Exposure to violence and mental health of adolescents: South African health and well-being study. Bjpsych,3(5), 257–264. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjpo.bp.117.004861

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • The Child and Mental Health Ontario Report. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.auditor.on.ca/en/content/annualreports/arreports/en18/v2_301en18.pdf

  • Tseng, M. C. M., Gau, S. S. F., Tseng, W. L., Hwu, H. G., & Lee, M. B. (2014). Co-occurring eating and psychiatric symptoms in Taiwanese college students: Effects of gender and parental factors. Journal of Clinical Psychology,70(3), 224–237.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Twenge, J. M., Cooper, A. B., Joiner, T. E., Duffy, M. E., & Binau, S. G. (2019). Age, period, and cohort trends in mood disorder indicators and suicide-related outcomes in a nationally representative dataset, 2005–2017. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000410

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Rooyen, D., Pretorius, B., Tembani, N. M., & Ham, V. T. (2015). Allopathic and traditional health practitioners’ collaboration. Curationis,38(2), 1495. https://doi.org/10.4102/curationis.v38i2.1495

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Venkatesh, S. (2018). Mental health and college students. The Health Collective India. Retrieved from http://www.healthcollective.in/2018/07/mental-health-college-students

  • Wilson, C. J., & Deane, F. P. (2010). Help-negation and suicidal ideation: The role of depression, anxiety and hopelessness. Journal of Youth and Adolescence,39(3), 291–305.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization. (2007). Mental health policy and service guidance package. Monitoring and evaluation of mental health policies and plans. China.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization. (2012). Adolescent mental health: Mapping actions of nongovernmental organizations and other international development organizations. Retrieved from https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/44875/9789241503648_eng.pdf

  • World Health Organization. (2014). Social determinants of mental health. Retrieved from https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/112828/9789241506809-chi.pdf

  • World Health Organization. (2019, October, 23). Adolescent mental health. World Health Organization (WHO). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-mental-health

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jace Pillay .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Pillay, J. (2022). University Students’ Mental Health: A Concern for All. In: Deb, S., Gerrard, B.A. (eds) Handbook of Health and Well-Being. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8263-6_12

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics