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Recent Progress in the Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Application of Metal–Organic Frameworks Encapsulated Nanoparticle Composites

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Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as Catalysts

Abstract

Owing to uniformly distributed pores with tunable sizes and ultrahigh surface area, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained enormous interest in the rational design of electrocatalysts. However, the semiconducting or insulating nature of MOFs limits their electrocatalytic properties. Considerable efforts have been attempted to improve the catalytic properties of MOFs such as increasing the conductivity of MOFs, formation of composites, or using MOFs as the template for MOF-derived nanostructures. MOFs also provide an opportunity to encapsulate metal and semiconductors nanoparticles (NPs), which show enhanced electrocatalytic activity compared to individual components because of the synergistic effect. Uniform and large pores in MOFs promote the facile mass transfer, diffusion of the redox-active species, and further reduce the aggregation of metal nanoparticles and hence, enhance their structural and catalytic stability.

This chapter presents a review of the recent progress in MOFs, MOF encapsulated catalytically active NPs and MOF-derived nanostructures for electrochemical applications. To begin with, some key challenges related to MOFs for electrocatalysis are presented, followed by the state-of-the-art advances in the synthesis of MOF encapsulated NPs. Electrochemical performances of MOFs are discussed. Further, owing to the synergistic effect and utilizing accessible metal sites of MOFs along with encapsulated NPs for enhancement in electrocatalytic activity is discussed. MOFs acting as sacrificial templates to synthesize various carbon-based electrocatalysts are also discussed. In last, a summary and future perspective of MOFs and MOF-based electrocatalysts are proposed.

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Abbreviations

MOFs:

Metal-organic frameworks

HER:

Hydrogen evolution reaction

OER:

Oxygen evolution reaction

ORR:

Oxygen reduction reaction

CORR:

Carbon dioxide reduction reaction

NRR:

Nitrogen reduction reaction

SBU:

Secondary building unit

POMs:

Poly oxometalates

NP:

Nanoparticle

HSAB:

Hard-soft acid–base

CIF:

Cobalt imidazolate framework

CTAB:

Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide

ECSA:

Electrochemical active surface area

LSV:

Linear sweep voltammetry

PGM:

Pt group metal

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  1. Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India

    Naveen Goyal & Rajeev Kumar Rai

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  1. Naveen Goyal
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  2. Rajeev Kumar Rai
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Correspondence to Rajeev Kumar Rai .

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India

    Shikha Gulati

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Goyal, N., Rai, R.K. (2022). Recent Progress in the Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Application of Metal–Organic Frameworks Encapsulated Nanoparticle Composites. In: Gulati, S. (eds) Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as Catalysts. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7959-9_27

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