Abstract
Insular grids of non-interconnected islands are heavily dependent on oil-fired generators which have high fuel costs and greenhouse gas emissions. Hence, share of renewables, like solar, are being increased in insular grids, as a cheaper and cleaner alternative. In this work, a unit commitment model has been proposed for island grids with a growing renewable share. Firstly, reserve constraints for dealing with uncertainty produced by renewables, like solar, are proposed. Secondly, a road map for analyzing the situation arising from increasing renewable penetration is proposed. The same is implemented on the insular grid of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, in order to understand the complexity associated with the inclusion of dynamic renewable sources alongside conventional generators of the island. Results demonstrate that at this current stage of technology, integration of renewables with insular grids is going to be a far more challenging affair wherein the inclusion of solar after a certain point, would result in system reliability aspect outweighing the financial and environmental benefits therein.
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Abbreviations
- g :
-
Individual oil-fired generator
- s :
-
Individual solar power plant
- t :
-
Individual time index
- \(P_{gt}\) :
-
Scheduled generation of oil-fired generator, g, at time, t
- \(R^U_{gt}\) :
-
Spinning up-reserve capacity provided by generator, g, at time t
- \(R^D_{gt}\) :
-
Spinning down-reserve capacity provided by generator, g, at time t
- \(C^{SU}_{gt}\) :
-
Start-up cost associated with starting of generator, g, at time t
- \(P_{st}^{sch}\) :
-
Scheduled generation of solar power plant, s, at time t
- \(P_{st}^{cur}\) :
-
Curtailed generation of solar power plant, s, at time t
- \(P^{ENS}_t\) :
-
Energy not served at time t
- \(U_{gt}\) :
-
Unit commitment status of generator, g, at time t
- \(C^{penalty}\) :
-
Penalty term that includes penalty associated curtailed solar power and energy not served
- \(\lambda _g\) :
-
Cost of generation for oil-fired generator, g, at time t
- \(\lambda _g^{RU}\) :
-
Cost of up-reserve capacity provided by generator, g, at time t
- \(\lambda _g^{RD}\) :
-
Cost of down-reserve capacity provided by generator, g, at time t
- \(P_{st}^{forecast}\) :
-
Predicted quantity of photovoltaic (PV) power for solar plant, s, at time t
- \(\lambda _{gt}^{su}\) :
-
Cost of start-up of generator, g at time t
- \(\lambda _{cur}^{ENS}\) :
-
Cost (penalty) during energy net served at time t
- \(\lambda _{s}^{cur}\) :
-
Cost of curtailment of photvoltaic (PV) power for solar plant
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Joint initiative of Govt. of India and Andaman Nicobar. https://powermin.nic.in
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Chakrabarti, S., Heistrene, L., Amin, A., Choraria, N. (2022). Impact of Increasing Penetration of Renewables in Insular Grids: Insights from the Case of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. In: Gupta, O.H., Sood, V.K., Malik, O.P. (eds) Recent Advances in Power Systems. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 812. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6970-5_52
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6970-5_52
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