Abstract
Large shallow lakes often show high concentration of suspended solids due to active sediment resuspension. Daily reflectance amounts obtained from MODIS Aqua from 2003 to 2017 were used to determine dominant processes governing the total suspended solid (TSS) concentration at the surface of Tonle Sap Lake. R squared and the root mean square error of the derived equation for TSS estimation were 0.92 and 14.1 mg/L, respectively. The relation between TSS concentration and water depth in the inflow period fluctuated annually with the amount of inflow from the Mekong River. Surface/subsurface flow from floodplain forests with relatively low TSS concentration diluted the TSS concentration along the shore of the lake during the dry seasons. In addition, a lower water level during flood periods resulted in the higher TSS concentration during the subsequent dry periods. Climate change and water resource development are likely to reduce the water level in the Mekong River during flood periods from July to September; thus, they may increase the TSS concentration in the lake, particularly in March, when the water level is lowest.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Burnett WC, Wattayakorn G, Supcharoen R, Sioudom K, Kumd V, Chanyotha S, Kritsananuwat R. Groundwater discharge and phosphorus dynamics in a flood-pulse system: Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia. J Hydrol. 2017;549:79–91.
Chung EG, Bombardelli FA, Schlado SG. Sediment resuspension in a shallow lake. Water Resour Res. 2009;45:W05422. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006585.
Dang TD, Cochrane TA, Arias ME. Quantifying suspended sediment dynamics in mega deltas using remote sensing data: a case study of the Mekong floodplains. Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinf. 2018;68:105–15.
Fleifle AE. Suspended sediment load monitoring along the Mekong River from satellite images. Earth Sci Clim Change. 2013;4(6):160. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7617.1000160.
Gin KYH, Koh ST, Lin II. Study of the effects of suspended marine clay on the reflectance spectra of phytoplankton. Int J Remote Sens. 2002;23(11):2163–78.
Horppila J, Kaitaranta J, Joensuu L, Nurminen L. Influence of emergent macrophyte (Phragmites australis) density on water turbulence and erosion of organic-rich sediment. J Hydrodyn. 2013;25(2):288–93.
Hoshikawa K, Fujihara Y, Siev S, et al. Characterization of total suspended solid dynamics in a large shallow lake using long-term daily satellite images. Hydrol Process. 2019;33(21):2745–58. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13525.
Kondolf GM, Rubin ZK, Minear JT. Dams on the Mekong: cumulative sediment starvation. Water Resour Res. 2014;50(6):5158–69.
Kummu M, Varis O. Sediment-related impacts due to upstream reservoir trapping, the lower Mekong River. Geomorphology. 2007;85:275–93.
Kummu M, Penny D, Sarkkula J, Koponen J. Sediment: curse or blessing for Tonle Sap Lake? AMBIO J Hum Environ. 2008;37(3):158–63.
Kummu M, Tes S, Yin S, Adamson P, Józsa J, Koponen J, Richey J, Sarkkula J. Water balance analysis for the Tonle Sap Lake–floodplain system. Hydrol Process. 2014;28:1722–33.
Lin Z, Qi J. A new remote sensing approach to enrich hydropower dams’ information and assess their impact distances: a case study in the Mekong River basin. Remote Sens. 2019;11(24):3016. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11243016.
Long CM, Pavelsky TM. Remote sensing of suspended sediment concentration and hydrologic connectivity in a complex wetland environment. Remote Sens Environ. 2013;129:197–209.
Lu XX, Kummu M, Oeurng C. Reappraisal of sediment dynamics in the Lower Mekong River, Cambodia. Earth Surf Process Landforms. 2014;39:1855–65.
Lund-Hansen L, Petersson M, Nurjaya W. Vertical sediment fluxes and wave-induced sediment resuspension in a shallow-water coastal lagoon. Estuar Coast. 1999;22:39–46.
NASA. Is there a difference in Terra vs Aqua AOD? n.d. https://darktarget.gsfc.nasa.gov/content/there-difference-terra-vs-aqua-aod. Accessed 28 Sept 2020.
Sarkkula J, Baran E, Chheng P, Keskinen M, Koponen J, Kummu M. Tonle Sap Pulsing System and fisheries productivity. Contribution to the XXIXe International Congress of Limnology (SIL 2004); Lahti, Finland, 2004, 8–14 August 2004
Vermote E, Wolfe R. MOD09GA MODIS/Terra Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 1kmand 500m SIN Grid V006 [Data set]. NASA EOSDIS LP DAAC; 2015. https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD09GA.006.
Walling DE. The changing sediment load of the Mekong River. AMBIO J Hum Environ. 2008;37(3):150–7.
Wang Y, Feng L, Liu J, Hou X, Chen D. Changes of inundation area and water turbidity of Tonle Sap Lake: responses to climate changes or upstream dam construction? Environ Res Lett. 2020;15(9):90940a1.
World Bank. GDP (current US$)—Cambodia. n.d. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?end=2019&locations=KH&start=1993&view=chart. Accessed 14 Apr 2021.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hoshikawa, K. et al. (2022). Total Suspended Solid Dynamics Revealed by Long-Term Satellite Image Analysis. In: Yoshimura, C., Khanal, R., Sovannara, U. (eds) Water and Life in Tonle Sap Lake. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6632-2_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6632-2_18
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-16-6631-5
Online ISBN: 978-981-16-6632-2
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)