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Fault Attack

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Classical and Physical Security of Symmetric Key Cryptographic Algorithms

Part of the book series: Computer Architecture and Design Methodologies ((CADM))

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Abstract

Fault attacks are a well-studied topic in the area of attacks on cryptography. They constitute a powerful tool to recover the secret key used in the encryption process. Fault attacks work by forcing a device to work under non-ideal environmental conditions (such as high temperature) or external disturbances (such as glitch in the power supply) while performing a cryptographic operation. The recent trend shows that the amount of research in this direction; which ranges from attacking a particular primitive, proposing a fault countermeasure, to attacking countermeasures; has grown up substantially and going to stay as an active research interest for a foreseeable future. Hence, it becomes apparent to have a comprehensive yet compact study of the (major) works. This work, which covers a wide spectrum in the present day research on fault attacks that fall under the purview of the symmetric key cryptography, aims at fulfilling the absence of an up-to-date survey. We present mostly all aspects of the topic in a way which is not only understandable for a non-expert reader, but also helpful for an expert as a reference.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The work against 3-DES in [Hem04] is described as a DFA; though with the current terminology, it probably makes better sense to classify this work as CFA.

  2. 2.

    The hard fault model (Sect. 3.3.1) is different from the stuck-at fault, as the hard fault model assumes more control for the attacker. In the hard fault model, the effect of fault does not disappear even after the device is reset. This does not happen for a stuck-at fault.

  3. 3.

    Sometimes referred to as, Concurrent Error Detection (CED).

  4. 4.

    However, [LRT12] is more of a case study on AES rather than a formal proof for a general case.

  5. 5.

    The two proposals presented in these two papers are conceptually the same.

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Baksi, A. (2022). Fault Attack. In: Classical and Physical Security of Symmetric Key Cryptographic Algorithms. Computer Architecture and Design Methodologies. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6522-6_3

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