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Pathology of Malabsorption Syndrome

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Surgical Pathology of the Gastrointestinal System

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Abstract

Malabsorption is referred to as a state of inability to absorb and transport the absorbed dietary nutrients. Maldigestion is defined as a state of deficiency of digestive enzymes, including the gastric and pancreatic juices and bile salt, resulting in the impaired breakdown of dietary nutrients to absorbable monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, oligopeptides, amino acids, and fatty acids, resulting in an inability of nutrient absorption. Malassimilation on the other hand is a state where both malabsorption and maldigestion take place simultaneously [1]. Truly speaking, it is often difficult to differentiate if a patient is suffering from only malabsorption or maldigestion, and often both problems manifest together. Whatever is the problem, unabsorbed luminal fat, carbohydrates, and salts result in diarrhea and flatulence in these patients. Often geographical conditions determine the mode of presentation, as patients with tropical malabsorption manifest chronic diarrhea, glossitis, weight loss, and nutritional deficiencies [2], while patients residing in temperate countries present with chronic diarrhea and features of chronic nutritional deficiencies. In general, patients with malabsorption syndrome commonly present with associated steatorrhea, malnutrition, vitamin deficiencies, muscle weakness, nutritional anemia, abdominal distension, skeletal deformities, bleeding tendencies, edema, neurological manifestation, etc., described subsequently in detail. The whole systemic disease spectrum which is identified in a patient with malabsorption syndrome is referred to as the malabsorption syndrome [3, 4].

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The authors agree to the fact that all biopsy procedures and surgical resections were performed after taking informed consent from respective patients as per the individual Institutional policies, which also includes consent for publishing the unidentified clinical images for publication or research purposes. The authors also declare no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Prasenjit Das & Siddhartha Datta Gupta

  2. Department of Gastroenterology & Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Govind Makharia

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  1. Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Prasenjit Das

  2. Department of Pathology, Al Sabah Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait

    Kaushik Majumdar

  3. Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Siddhartha Datta Gupta

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Das, P., Makharia, G., Datta Gupta, S. (2022). Pathology of Malabsorption Syndrome. In: Das, P., Majumdar, K., Datta Gupta, S. (eds) Surgical Pathology of the Gastrointestinal System. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6395-6_9

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