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Recent Advances in the Discovery of Bioactive Metabolites from Xylaria Hill ex Schrank

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Biology, Cultivation and Applications of Mushrooms

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Abstract

Xylaria is the largest genus of the family Xylariaceae (Xylariales, Sordariomycetes) and presently consists of ca. 300 accepted species of stromatic pyrenomycetes. They are popularly known as dead man’s finger, have common distribution in soil, leaf litter, woody litter, and termite mounds. In addition, they also have mutualistic association as endophytes in tropical and temperate plant species. The xylarial stromata constitutes one of the important raw biomaterials in traditional Chinese and other ethnic medicinal systems. The genus Xylaria is a major source of a wide range of bioactive compounds (sesquiterpenoids, terpenoids, cytochalasins, mellein, alkaloids, polyketides, and aromatic compounds). Some of the metabolites of Xylaria deploy antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. The metabolites of Xylaria are also known for potential herbicidal, fungicidal, and insecticidal activities. Xylaria is known for the production of many volatile and non-volatile compounds and their volatiles are functional in various pharmaceutical and agricultural applications. This review covers the bioactive metabolites reported from different species of Xylaria and along with their source of origin and biological properties.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. TERI–Deakin Nano Biotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, India

    Sunil K. Deshmukh

  2. Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore, Karnataka, India

    Kandikere R. Sridhar

  3. Centre for Environmental Studies, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India

    Kandikere R. Sridhar

  4. Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology (Deemed to be a University), Patiala, Punjab, India

    Sanjai Saxena

  5. AGPharm Bio-Innovations LLP, STEP-TIET, Patiala, Punjab, India

    Sanjai Saxena

  6. SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India

    Manish Kumar Gupta

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  1. Sunil K. Deshmukh
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  2. Kandikere R. Sridhar
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  3. Sanjai Saxena
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  4. Manish Kumar Gupta
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Studies, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India

    Arun Arya

  2. Mycological Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, North Macedonia

    Katerina Rusevska

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Deshmukh, S.K., Sridhar, K.R., Saxena, S., Gupta, M.K. (2022). Recent Advances in the Discovery of Bioactive Metabolites from Xylaria Hill ex Schrank. In: Arya, A., Rusevska, K. (eds) Biology, Cultivation and Applications of Mushrooms . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6257-7_3

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