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Toxicological Implications of Fine Particulates: Sources, Chemical Composition, and Possible Underlying Mechanism

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Airborne Particulate Matter

Abstract

The effects of atmospheric fine particles on human health have become an utmost concern worldwide. Particulate matter is a complex and dynamic combination of a mixture of solid and liquid substances with several biological and chemical components. Various toxicological and epidemiological studies indicated that the fine particles create several health issues such as respiratory and cardiopulmonary disorders. The present chapter provides the information regarding regulations and standards set by various countries and organizations to regulate the atmospheric concentration of fine particles and discuss the primary and secondary sources of fine particulate pollution. This chapter demonstrated the biological and chemical components of fine particles that play a critical role in the toxicological implications of fine particulates. In addition, the justifications for the origin or sources of biological and chemical compositions and their impacts on human health become a concern in this chapter. The current chapter also aims to provide a brief overview of the molecular mechanisms connecting fine particulate exposure and health effects.

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Acknowledgement

The authors are thankful to Director, CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad, for providing essential facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Natural Resources and Environment Management, CSIR-Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India

    Bhanu Pandey

  2. Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Banaras, Hindu University, Varanasi, India

    Annesha Ghosh

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Correspondence to Bhanu Pandey .

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  1. Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India

    Saurabh Sonwani

  2. Central Road Research Institute, Delhi, India

    Anuradha Shukla

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Pandey, B., Ghosh, A. (2022). Toxicological Implications of Fine Particulates: Sources, Chemical Composition, and Possible Underlying Mechanism. In: Sonwani, S., Shukla, A. (eds) Airborne Particulate Matter. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5387-2_7

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