Abstract
It is well known supersingular curves due to pairing of Weil and pairing of Tate are used in identity-based cryptosystems so we find criterion of supersingularity of Montgomery and Edwards curves. We consider the algebraic affine and projective curves of Edwards over the finite field \({{\text {F}}_{{{p}^{n}}}}\). It is well known that many modern cryptosystems can be naturally transformed into elliptic curves. The criterions of the supersingularity of Montgomery and Edwards curves are found. In this paper, we extend our previous research into those Edwards algebraic curves over a finite field, and we construct birational isomorphism of them with cubic in Weierstrass normal form. One class of twisted Edwards is researched too. We propose a novel effective method of point counting for both Edwards and elliptic curves. In addition to finding a specific set of coefficients with corresponding field characteristics for which these curves are supersingular, we also find a general formula by which one can determine whether or not a curve \({{E}_{d}}[{{\mathbb {F}}_{p}}]\) is supersingular over this field. The method proposed has complexity \(\mathcal {O}\left(p\log _{2}^{2}p \right) \). This is an improvement over both Schoof’s basic algorithm and the variant which makes use of fast arithmetic (suitable for only the Elkis or Atkin primes numbers) with complexities \(\mathcal {O}(\log _{2}^{8}{{p}^{n}})\) and \(\mathcal {O}(\log _{2}^{4}{{p}^{n}})\), respectively. The embedding degree of the supersingular curve of Edwards over \({{\mathbb {F}}_{{{p}^{n}}}}\) in a finite field is additionally investigated. Singular points of twisted Edwards curve are completely described. Due existing the birational isomorphism between twisted Edwards curve and elliptic curve in Weierstrass normal form the result about order of this curve over finite field is extended on cubic in Weierstrass normal form. Also it is considered minimum degree of an isogeny (distance) between curves of this two classes when such isogeny exists. We extend the existing isogenous of elliptic curves.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Viacheslavovich Skuratovskii, R.: Supersingularity of elliptic curves over \(F_{p_n}\) (in ukrainian). Res. Math. Mech. 31(1), 17–26 (2018)
Skuratovskii, R., Osadchyy, V.: The Order of Edwards and Montgomery Curves. WSEAS Trans. Math. 19, 1–12 (2020). https://doi.org/10.37394/23206.2020.19.25
Jao, D., De Feo, L.: Towards Quantum-Resistant Cryptosystems from Supersingular Elliptic Curve Isogenies. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 19–34 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25405-5_2
Page, D., Smart, N.P., Vercauteren, F.: A comparison of MNT curves and supersingular curves. Applicable Algebra Eng. Commun. Comput. 17, 379–392 (2006)
Boneh, D., Franklin, M.: Identity-based encryption from the Weil pairing. In: Kilian, J. (ed), CRIPTO 2001, Springer LNCS, vol. 2139, pp. 213–229 (2001)
Boneh, D., Boyen, X., Shacham, H.: Short group signatures. In: Advances in Cryptology—CRYPTO 2004, Springer LNCS 3152, pp. 41–55 (2004)
Galbraith, S.D.: Supersingular Curves in Cryptography. ASIACRYPT 2001: Advances in Cryptology—ASIACRYPT, pp. 495–513 (2001)
Kumano, A., Nogami, Y.: An improvement of tate paring with supersingular curve. In: 2015 2nd International Conference on Information Science and Security (ICISS). IEEE, pp. 1–3 (2015)
Love, J., Boneh, D.: Supersingular curves with small noninteger endomorphism. In: Fourteenth Algorithmic Number Theory Symposium. The open book series 4 (2020). https://doi.org/10.2140/obs.2020.4.7
Menezes, A.J.: Elliptic Curve Public Key Cryptosystems. Kluwer Academic Publishers (1993)
Schoof, R.: Counting points on elliptic curves over finite fields. J. de théorie des nombres de Bordeaux 7(1), 219–254 (1995)
Vinogradov, I.M.: Elements of Number Theory. Courier Dover Publications (2016)
Miyaji, A., Nakabayashi, M., Takano, S.: New explicit conditions of elliptic curve traces for FR-reduction. In: IEICE Trans. Fundam. E84-A(5), 1234–1243 (2001)
Stepanov, S.A.: Arifmetika algebraicheskikh krivykh. Nauka, Glav. red. fiziko-matematicheskoĭ lit-ry (1991).(in Russian)
Deligne, P.: La conjecture de weil. Publ. Math. IHES 52, 137–252 (1980)
Skuratovskii, R.V., Williams, A.: Irreducible bases and subgroups of a wreath product in applying to diffeomorphism groups acting on the M?bius band. Rend. Circ. Mat. Palermo, Ser. 2 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12215-020-00514-5
Fulton, W.: Algebraic Curves. An Introduction to Algebraic Geometry, 3rd edn. Addison-Wesley (2008)
Drozd, Y.A., Skuratovskii, R.V.: Cubic rings and their ideals (in Ukraniane). Ukr. Mat. Zh. - 2010.-V. 62, Â\(^{1}\) 11, 464–470. (arXiv:1001.0230 [math.AG])
Koblitz, N.: Elliptic curve cryptosystems. Math. Comput. 48(177), 203–209 (1987)
Silverman, J.H.: The Arithmetic of Elliptic Curves, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, 106, Springer (1986)
Bernstein, D.J., Birkner, P., Joye, M., Lange, T., Peters, C.: Twisted edwards curves. In: Vaudenay, S. (ed) Progress in Cryptology—AFRICACRYPT 2008, pages 389–405. Berlin, Heidelberg (2008)
Viacheslavovich Skuratovskii, R.: Normal high order elements in finite field extensions based on the cyclotomic polynomials. Algebra Discr. Math. 29(2), 241–248 (2020)
Viacheslavovich Skuratovskii, R., Alled, W.: Irreducible bases and subgroups of a wreath product in applying to diffeomorphism groups acting on the Mebius band. Rend. Circ. Mat. Palermo (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12215-020-00514-5
Drozd, Yu.A., Skuratovskii, R.V.: Generators and relations for wreath products. Ukr. Math. J. 60(7), 1168–1171 (2008)
Skuratovskii, R.V.: On commutator subgroups of Sylow 2-subgroups of the alternating group, and the commutator width in wreath products. Eur. J. Math. 7, 353–373 (2021). (Online Published: 03 August 2020)
Lidl, R., Niederreiter, H.: Introduction to Finite Fields and their Applications. Cambridge University Press (1994)
Moody, D., Shumow, D.: Analogues of Velu’s formulas for isogenies on alternate models of elliptic curves. Math. Comput. 85(300), 1929–1951 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1090/mcom/3036
Montgomery, P.L.: Speeding the pollard and elliptic curve methods of factorization. Math. Comput. 48(177), 243–264 (1987)
Washington, L.: Elliptic Curves. Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications (2008)
Bessalov, A., Kovalchuk, L., Sokolov, V., Radivilova, T.: Analysys of 2-Isogeny Properties of Generalized Form Edwards Curves. (CPITS 2020), (Conference Paper) 2746, pp. 1–13 (2020)
Moody, D., Farashahi, R.R., Wu, H.: Isomorphism classes of Edwards curves over finite fields. Finite Fields Appl. 18(3), 597–612 (2012)
Varbanec, P.D., Zarzycki, P.: Divisors of the Gaussian integers in an arithmetic progression. J. Number Theory. 33(2), 152–169 (1989)
Barreto, P.S.L.M., Naehrig, M.: Pairing-friendly elliptic curves of prime order. In: Preneel, B., Tavares, S. (eds) Selected Areas in Cryptography, pages 319–331, Berlin, Heidelberg (2006)
Gyawali, M., Di Tullio, D.: Elliptic curves of nearly prime order. Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report 2020/001 (2020). https://eprint.iacr.org/2020/001
Costello, C., Smith, B.: Montgomery curves and their arithmetic. J. Cryptogr. Eng. 8(3), 227–240 (2018)
Edwards, H.: A normal form for elliptic curves. Bull. Am. Math. Soc. 44(3), 393–422 (2007)
Viacheslavovich Skuratovskii, R.: The order of projective Edwards curve over \({\mathbb{F}_{{{p}^{n}}}}\) and embedding degree of this curve in finite field. In: Cait 2018, Proceedings of Conferences, pages 75–80 (2018)
Romanenko, Y.O.: Place and role of communication in public policy. Actual Probl. Econ. 176(2), 25–26 (2016)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Skuratovskii, R., Williams, A., Osadchyy, Y. (2022). Intelligent Security Control Based on the New Criterion of Edwards and Montgomery Curves, Isogenous of These Curves Supersingularity. In: Mandal, J.K., Buyya, R., De, D. (eds) Proceedings of International Conference on Advanced Computing Applications. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1406. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5207-3_59
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5207-3_59
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-16-5206-6
Online ISBN: 978-981-16-5207-3
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)