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Biofloc Technology: An Eco-Based Emerging Avenue in Aquaculture Health Management

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Biotechnological Advances in Aquaculture Health Management

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Abstract

Intensified aquaculture is becoming a major stake in the global demand for animal protein. The enhancement in the aquaculture practices and management of resources can reduce the environmental impact on the aquatic system. This helps in the transition of traditional culture practice to the intensified sustainable culture system. On this note, biofloc technology is considered as one of the sustainable intensification practices to culture aquatic animals for increasing production and immunity with minimal water usage. This system is growing faster and getting attention currently due to its advantages and augments large-scale production. The microbial community improves various aspects in biofloc system like recycling of the nitrogen metabolites through in situ bioremediation, improving water quality, producing microbial protein, and inducing the immune system of the cultured animals. Biofloc has a high nutrition profile, which is an excellent alternative as a feed ingredient and reduces the feed conversion ratio as it provides natural feed in the system. The diversified microbial community in biofloc plays a key role in inducing disease resistance against the pathogenic bacteria. The constant exposure to natural probiotic microflora in the environment induces the immunity of the animal by competitive exclusion and quorum sensing of beneficial microbiota. Therefore, it increases overall performances and productivity when compared with the conventional system. This current review provides an insight into the biofloc technology, microflora assemblages, and their function/role in gut microbiome maintenance, improving immunity, disease resistance, and overall productivity in nursery and grow out aquaculture systems.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai, India

    Akshaya Panigrahi, Esakkiraj Palanichamy, Saranya Chakrapani & Vinay TN

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  1. Akshaya Panigrahi
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  2. Esakkiraj Palanichamy
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  3. Saranya Chakrapani
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  4. Vinay TN
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Correspondence to Akshaya Panigrahi .

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  1. School of Molecular Diagnostic Prophylactics and Nano-Biotechnology (SMDPN), ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

    Sanjay Kumar Gupta

  2. Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)

    Sib Sankar Giri

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Panigrahi, A., Palanichamy, E., Chakrapani, S., TN, V. (2021). Biofloc Technology: An Eco-Based Emerging Avenue in Aquaculture Health Management. In: Gupta, S.K., Giri, S.S. (eds) Biotechnological Advances in Aquaculture Health Management . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5195-3_12

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