Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Prebiotic–Synbiotic Nexus: Critical Dietary Role in Aquaculture

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Biotechnological Advances in Aquaculture Health Management

  • 838 Accesses

Abstract

Aquaculture as a major food-basket industry has been emphasized to proclaim tremendous growth over the decades. However, continuous supply of aqua-food needs subsequent intensification program that have challenged the success of the industry with emerging diseases. For many decades, probiotic application is considered as safe and environmentally sound practice for disease control. The success of prebiotic (nondigestible carbohydrates) use and its potential to act in synergism with probiotic in animal and human nutrition has paved its way for aquaculture applications. The concept of synbiotic is relatively new, and a plethora of work is reported in both fish and shellfishes of commercial importance. The linked immune enhancement and the mechanism of action need to be understood for furtherance of the research arena in this promising area of health enhancement. Looking into this, the chapter provides an insight of the prebiotic and synbiotic use in aquaculture with due synthesis of the reported works across the globe referring the action and mechanisms of these biotic components.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abasali H, Mohamad S (2011) Dietary prebiotic immunogen® supplemention in reproductive performance of platy (Xiphophorus maculates). Agric J 6(1):161–165

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abdulrahman NM, Ahmed VM (2015) Comparative effect of probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), prebiotic (fructooligosaccharides FOS) and their combination on somedifferential white blood cells in young common carp (Cyprinus caprio L.). Asian J Sci Tech 6:1136–1140

    Google Scholar 

  • Aftabgard M, Salarzadeh A, Mohseni M, Shabanipour AHB, Zorriehzahra MEJ (2017) The combined efficiency of dietary Isomaltooligosaccharides and bacillus spp. on the growth, hemato-serological, and intestinal microbiota indices of Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius Kessler, 1877). Probiot Antimicrob Proteins. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-017-9361-z

  • Ahmad MH, El-Mousallamy A, Awad SMM, El-Naby ASA (2013) Evaluation of bio-Mos® as a feed additive on growth performance, physiological and immune responses of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L). J Appl Sci Res 9(13):6441–6449

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ahmadi PY, Farahmand H, Miandare HK, Mirvaghefi A, Hoseinifar SH (2014) The effects of dietary immunogen® on innate immune response, immune related genesexpression and disease resistance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish Shellfish Immunol 37(2):209–214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ai O, Xu H, Mai K, Xu W, Wang J, Zhang W (2011) Effects of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide on growth performance, survival, non-specific immune response and disease resistance of juvenile large yellow croaker, Larimichthys crocea. Aquaculture 317:155–161

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Akrami R, Nasri-Tajan M, Jahedi A, Jahedi M, Razeghi Mansour M, Jafarpour SA (2015) Effects of dietary synbiotic on growth, survival, lactobacillus bacterial count, blood indices and immunity of beluga (Huso huso Linnaeus, 1754) juvenile. Aquac Nutr 21(6):952–959

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alejo A, Tafalla C (2011) Chemokines in teleost fish species. Dev Comp Immunol 35(12):1215–1222

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Andrews SR, Sahu NP, Pal AK, Kumar S (2009) Haematological modulation and growth of Labeo rohita fingerlings: effect of dietary mannan oligosaccharide yeast extract, protein hydrolysate and chlorella. Aquac Res 41(1):61–69

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Atar HH, Ates M (2009) The effects of commercial diet supplemented with mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) and vitamin B12 on the growth and body composition of the carp (Cyprinus carpio L. 1758). J Anim Vet Adv 8:2251–2255

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Azimirad M, Meshkini S, Ahmadifard N, Hoseinifar SH (2016) The effects of feeding with synbiotic (Pediococcus acidilactici and fructooligosaccharide) enriched adult artemia on skin mucus immune responses, stress resistance, intestinal microbiota and performance of angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare). Fish Shellfish Immunol 54:516–522

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bakke-McKellep AM, Penn MH, Salas PM, Refstie S, Sperstad S et al (2007) Effects of dietary soyabean meal, inulin and oxytetracycline on intestinalmicrobiota and epithelial cell stress, apoptosis and proliferation in the teleost Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Br J Nutr 97:699–713

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Banerjee G, Ray AK (2017) The advancement of probiotics research and its application in fish farming industries. Res Vet Sci 115:66–77

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brogden G, Krimmling T, Adamek M, Naim HY, Steinhagen D, von Köckritz-Blickwede M (2014) The effect of β-glucan on formation and functionality of neutrophil extracellular traps in carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Dev Comp Immunol 44:280–285

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buentello JA, Neill WH, Gatlin DM III (2010) Effects of dietary prebiotics on growth, feed efficiency and non-specific immunity of juvenile red drum Sciaenops ocellatus fed soybean-based diets. Aquac Res 14:411–418

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burgents JE, Burnett K, Burnett LE (2004) Disease resistance of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, following the dietary administration of a yeast culture food supplement. Aquaculture 231(1-4):1–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burr G, Hume M, William H, Neill WH, Gatlin DM III (2008) Effects of prebiotics on nutrient digestibility of a soybean meal- based diet by red drum Sciaenops ocellatus (L). Aqua Res 39:1680–1686

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cerezuela R, Cuesta A, Meseguer J, Esteban MA (2008) Effect of inulin on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) innate immune parameter. Fish Shellfish Immunol 24:663–668

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cerezuela R, Fumanal M, Tapia-Paniagua ST, Meseguer J, Moriñigo MÁ, Esteban MÁ (2013) Changes in intestinal morphology and microbiota caused by dietary administration of inulin and Bacillus subtilis in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) specimens. Fish Shellfish Immunol 34(5):1063–1070

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Daniels CL, Boothroyd DP, Davies SJ, Pryor R, Taylor D, Wells C (2006) Bio-MOS improves growth and survival of cultures lobsters. Shellfish News 21:23–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Daniels CL, Boothroyd DP, Davies SJ, Pryor R, Wells C (2007) The use of pre-biotics in homarid lobster culture. Aquacul Health Int 8:32–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Daniels CL, Merrifield DL, Ringø E, Davies SJ (2013) Probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic applications for the improvement of larval European lobster (Homarus gammarus) culture. Aquaculture 416–417:396–406

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dawood MAO, Koshio S, Esteban MÁ (2018) Beneficial roles of feed additives as immunostimulants in aquaculture: a review. Rev Aquac 10(4):950–974

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dawood MAO, Abdo SE, Gewaily MS, Moustafa EM, SaadAllah MS, AbdEl-kader MF, Hamouda AH, Omar AA, Alwakeel RA (2020) The influence of dietary β-glucan on immune, transcriptomic, inflammatory and histopathology disorders caused by deltamethrin toxicity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish Shellfish Immunol 98:301–311

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Derome N, Gauthier J, Boutin S, Llewellyn M (2016) Bacterial opportunistic pathogens of fish. The rasputin effect: when commensals and symbionts become parasitic. In: Hurst CJ (ed) Advances in environmental microbiology. Springer, Cham, pp 81–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Dobšíková R, Blahová J, Mikulíková I, Modrá H, Prášková E, Svobodová Z, Škorič M, Jarkovský J, Siwicki A (2013) The effect of oyster mushroom β-1.3/1.6-D-glucanand oxytetracycline antibiotic on biometrical, haematological, biochemical, andimmunological indices, and histopathological changes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Fish Shellfish Immunol 35:1813–1823

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ebrahimi GH, Ouraji H, Khalesi MK, Sudagar M, Barari A, Zarei Dangesaraki M, Jani Khalili KH (2012) Effects of a prebiotic, immunogen®, on feed utilization, body composition, immunity and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in the commoncarp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus) fingerlings. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 96:591–599

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eshaghzadeh H, Hoseinifar SH, Vahabzadeh H, Ringø E (2014) The effects of dietary inulin on growth performances, survival and digestive enzyme activities of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fry. Aquac Nutr 21(2):242–247

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Esteban MA (2012) An overview of the immunological defenses in fish skin. Int Sch Res Notices 2012

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernández-Montero Á, Torrecillas S, Izquierdo M, Caballero MJ, Milne DJ, Secombes CJ, Sweetman J, Da Silva P, Acosta F, Montero DJF (2019) Increased parasite resistance of greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili Risso 1810) juveniles fed MOS supplemented diet is associated with upregulation of a discrete set of immune genes in mucosal tissues. Fish Shelfish Immunol 86:35–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gao D, Gao Z, Zhu G (2013) Antioxidant effects of Lactobacillus plantarum via activation of transcription factor Nrf2. Food Funct 4:982–989

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Genc MA, Yilmaz E, Genc E, Aktas M (2007a) Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) on growth, body composition, and intestine and liver histology of the hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus x O. aureus). Isr J Aquac 59:10–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Genc MA, Aktas M, Genc E, Yilmaz E (2007b) Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharides on growth, body composition and hepatopancreas histology of Penaeus semisulcatus (de Haan 1844). Aquac Nutr 13:156–161

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Geng X, Dong X, Tan BP, Yang Q, Chi SY, Liu HY, Liu XQ (2011) Effects of dietary chitosan and Bacillus subtilis on the growth performance, non-specific immunity and disease resistance of cobia, Rachycentron canadum. Fish Shellfish Immunol 3(3):400–406

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gibson GR, Roberfroid MB (1995) Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: introducing the concept of prebiotics. J Nutr 125:1401–1412

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grisdale-Helland B, Helland SJ, Gatlin DM III (2008) The effects of dietary supplementation with mannanoligosaccharide, fructooligosaccharide or galactooligosaccharide on the growth and feed utilization of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquaculture 283:163–167

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta S, Bhathena ZP, Kumar S, Nuzaiba P, Srivastava PP, Gupta S, Jadhao SB (2019) Comparative efficacy of mannan-oligosaccharides from two yeast species fed alone or in combination with probiotic Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 to Catla (Catla catla) juveniles. Aquac Int 28:691–710

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta S, Bhathena ZP, Kumar S, Nuzaiba PM, Srivastava PP, Gupta S, Jadhao SB (2020a) Comparative efficacy of mannan-oligosaccharides from two yeast species fed alone or in combination with probiotic Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 to Catla (Catla catla) juveniles. Aquac Int 28:691–710

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta SK, Sarkar B, Priyam M, Kumar N, Naskar S, Foysal MJ, Saurabh S, Sharma TR (2020b) Inflammatory and stress biomarker response of Aeromonas hydrophila infected rohu, Labeo rohita fingerlings to dietary microbial Levan. Aquaculture 521:735020

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta SK (2021) Ameliorative and protective effects of prebiotic, microbial Levan in common carp, (Cyprinus carpio) fry under experimental exposure to fipronil. Int J Aquat Biol 9(3):134–147

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta SK, Pal AK, Sahu NP, Dalvi R, Kumar V, Mukherjee SC (2008) Microbial Levan in the diet of Labeo rohita Hamilton juveniles: effect on non-specific immunity and histopathological changes after challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila. J Fish Dis 31:649–657

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta SK, Pal AK, Sahu NP, Dalvi RS, Akhtar MS, Jha AK, Baruah K (2010) Dietary microbial Levan enhances tolerance of Labeo rohita (Hamilton) juveniles to thermal stress. Aquaculture 306:398–402

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta SK, Das P, Singh S, Akhtar M, Meena D, Mandal S (2011) Microbial levan, an ideal prebiotic and immuno nutrient in aquaculture. World Aquacult 42:61–66

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta SK, Pal AK, Sahu NP, Jha AK, Akhtar MS, Mandal SC, Das P, Prusty AK (2013) Supplementation of microbial Levan in the diet of Cyprinus carpio fry (Linnaeus, 1758) exposed to sublethal toxicity of fipronil: effect on growth and metabolic responses. Fish Physiol Biochem 39:1513–1524

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta SK, Pal AK, Sahu NP, Saharan N, Mandal SC, Prakash C, Akhtar MS, Prusty AK (2014) Dietary microbial Levan ameliorates stress and augments immunity in Cyprinus carpio fry (Linnaeus, 1758) exposed to sublethal toxicity of fipronil. Aquac Res 45:893–906

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta SK, Pal AK, Sahu NP, Jha AK, Kumar S (2015) Effects of dietary microbial Levan on growth performance, RNA/DNA ratio and some physio-biochemical responses of Labeo rohita (Hamilton) juveniles. Aquac Nutr 21:892–903

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta SK, Sarkar B, Bhattacharjee S, Kumar N, Naskar S, Uppuluri KB (2018) Modulation of cytokine expression by dietary Levan in the pathogen aggravated rohu, Labeo rohita fingerlings. Aquaculture 495:496–505

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guzman-Villanueva LT, Tovar-Ramırez D, Gisbert E, Cordero H, Guardiola FA, Cuesta A, Meseguer J, Ascencio Valle F, Esteban MA (2014) Dietary administration of b1,3/1.6-glucan and probiotic strain Shewanella putrefaciens, single or combined, on gilthead seabream growth, immune responses and gene expression. Fish Shellfish Immunol 39:34–41

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hai NV, Fotedar R (2009) Comparison of the effects of the prebiotics (bio-Mos and b-1, 3-D-glucan) and the customized probiotics (pseudomonas synxantha and P. aeruginosa) on theculture of juvenile western king prawns (Penaeus latisulcatus Kishinouye, 1896). Aquaculture 289:310–316

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hanley F, Brown H, Carbery J (1995) First observations on the effects of mannan oligosaccharide added to hatchery diets for warm water hybrid red tilapia. Poster at the 11th annual symposium on biotechnology in the feed industry, Lexington, KY, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Harikrishnan R, Balasundaram C (2005) Modern trends in Aeromonas hydrophila disease management with fish. Rev Fish Sci 13(4):281–320

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • He S, Xu G, Wu Y, Weng H, Xie H (2003) Effects of isomaltooligosaccharide and fructooligosaccharide on the growth performance and non-specific immunity in hybrid tilapia. Chinese Feed 23:14–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Hisano H, Barros MM, Pezzato LE (2007) Levedura e zinco como pró-nutrientes em rações para tilápia-do-Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus): Aspectos hematológicos. Bol Inst Pesca 33(1):35–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoseinifar SH, Zare P, Merri¢eld DL (2010) The effects of inulin on growth factors and survival of the Indian white shrimp larvae and postlarvae (Fenneropenaeus indicus). Aquac Res 41:348–352

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoseinifar SH, Ringø E, Masouleh AS, Esteban MA (2014a) Probiotic, prebiotic andsynbiotic supplements in sturgeon aquaculture: a review. Rev Aquac 6:1–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoseinifar SH, Soleimani N, Ringø E (2014b) Effects of dietary fructo-oligosaccharide supplementation on the growth performance, haemato-immunological parameters, gut microbiota and stress resistance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fry. Br J Nutr 112:1296–1302

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hoseinifar SH, Roosta Z, Hajimoradloo A, Vakili F (2015a) The effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus as feed supplement on skin mucosal immune parameters, intestinal microbiota, stress resistance and growth performance of black swordtail (Xiphophorus helleri). Fish Shellfish Immunol 42(2):533–538

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hoseinifar SH, Mirvaghefi A, Amoozegar MA, Merrifield DL, Ringø E (2015b) In vitro selection of a synbiotic and in vivo evaluation on intestinal microbiota, performance and physiological response of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings. Aquac Nutr 23(1):111–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hui-yuan LV, Zhi-gang Z, Rudeaux F, Respondek F (2007) Effects of dietary short chain Fructo-oligosaccharides on intestinal microflora, mortality and growth performance of Oreochromis aureus♂× O. niloticus♀`. Chinese J Anim Nutr 19(6):1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Ibrahem MD, Fathi M, Mesalhy S, Abd El-Aty AM (2010) Effect of dietary supplementation of inulin and vitamin C on the growth, hematology. Fish Shellfish Immunol 29(2):241–246

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ismail M, Wahdan A, Yusuf MS, Metwally E, Mabrok M (2019) Effect of dietary supplementation with a synbiotic (Lacto forte) on growth performance, haematological and histological profiles, the innate immune response and resistance to bacterial disease in Oreochromis niloticus. Aquac Res 50:2545–2562

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jami MJ, Abedian Kenari A, Paknejad H, Mohseni M (2019) Effects of dietary b-glucan, mannan oligosaccharide, Lactobacillus plantarum and their combinations on growth performance, immunity and immune related gene expression of Caspian trout, Salmo trutta caspius (Kessler, 1877). Fish Shellfish Immunol 91:202–208

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ji G, Liu Z, Leng X (2004) Effects of dietary beta-glucan and fructooligosaccharides on the growth and activites of superoxide dismutase and lysozyme of Trionyx sinensis. J Shanghai Fish Univ 13:36–40

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jung-Schroers V, Adamek M, Jung A, Harris S, Dóza ÖS, Baumer A, Steinhagen D (2015) Feeding of β-1, 3/1, 6-glucan increases the diversity of the intestinal microflora of carp (Cyprinus carpio). Aquac Nutr. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/anu.12320

  • Kolida S, Gibson GR (2011) Synbiotics in health and disease. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2:373–393

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kühlwein H, Emery MJ, Rawling MD, Harper GM, Merrifield DL, Davies SJ (2013) Effects of a dietary β-(1,3, 1,6)-D-glucan supplementation on intestinal microbial communities and intestinal ultrastructure of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). J Appl Microbiol 115:1091–1106

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kühlwein H, Merrifield DL, Rawling MD, Foey AD, Davies SJ (2014) Effects of dietary β-(1,3)(1,6)-D-glucan supplementation on growth performance, intestinal morphologyand haemato-immunological profile of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 98:279–289

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar P, Jain KK, Sardar P (2018) Effects of dietary synbiotic on innate immunity, antioxidant activity and disease resistance of Cirrhinus mrigala juveniles. Fish Shellfish Immunol 80:124–132

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee S, Katya K, Hamidoghli A, Hong J, Kim DJ, Bai SC (2018) Synergistic effects of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis WB60 and mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) on growth performance, immunity and disease resistance in Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica. Fish Shellfish Immunol 83:283–291

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Li J, Tan B, Mai K (2009) Dietary probiotic bacillus OJ and isomaltooligosaccharides influence the intestine microbial populations, immune responses and resistance to white spot syndrome virus in shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Aquaculture 291:35–40

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li K, Zheng T, Tian Y, Xi F, Yuan J, Zhang G, Hong H (2007) Beneficial effects of Bacillus licheniformis on the intestinal microflora and immunity of the white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Biotechnol Lett 29:525–530

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mahious AS, Gatesoupe FJ, Hervi M, Metailler R, Ollevier F (2006a) Effect of dietary inulin and oligosaccharides as prebiotics for weaning turbot, Psetta maxima (Linnaeus, C. 1758). Aquac Int 14:219–229

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mahious AS, Van Loo J, Ollevier F (2006b) Impact of the prebiotics, inulin and oligofructose on microbial fermentation in the spiral valve of Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser baerii). Aqua 2006, World Aquaculture Society, Florence, Italy, May 9-13, 2006. pp. 564-565

    Google Scholar 

  • Maslowski KM, Mackay CR (2011) Diet, gut microbiota and immune responses. Nat Immunol 12(1):5–9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mehrabi Z, Firouzbakhsh F, Jafarpour A (2012) Effects of dietary supplementation of synbiotic on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and carcass composition in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings. Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 96(3):474–481

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Merrifield DL, Dimitroglou A, Foey A, Davies SJ, Baker RTM, Bøgwald J, Castex M, Ringø E (2010) The current status and future focus of probiotic and prebiotic applications for salmonids. Aquaculture 302:1–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mohammadian T, Nasirpour M, Tabandeh MR, Mesbah M (2019) Synbiotic effects of β-glucan, mannan oligosaccharide and Lactobacillus casei on growth performance, intestine enzymes activities, immune-hematological parameters and immune-related gene expression in common carp, Cyprinus carpio: an experimental infection with Aeromonas hydrophila. Aquaculture 511:634197

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mouriño JLP, Do Nascimento Vieira F, Jatobá AB, Da Silva BC, Jesus GFA, Seiffert WQ, Martins ML (2012) Effect of dietary supplementation of inulin and W. cibaria on haemato-immunological parameters of hybrid Surubim (Pseudoplatystoma sp). Aquac Nutr 18(1):73–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nayak SK (2010) Probiotics and immunity: a fish perspectives. Fish Shellfish Immunol 29:2–14

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Olsen RE, Myklebust R, Kryvi H, Mayhew TM, Ringø E (2001) Damaging effect of dietary inulin to intestinal enterocytes in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.). Aqua Res 32:931–934

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ortiz LT, Rebolé A, Velasco S, Rodríguez ML, Treviño J, Tejedor JL, Alzueta C (2012) Effects of inulin and fructooligosaccharides on growth performance, body chemical composition and intestinal microbiota of farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquac Nutr 19(4):475–482

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Panigrahi A, Kiron V, Puangkaew L, Kobayashi T, Satoh S, Sugita H (2005) The viability of probiotic as a factor influencing the immune response in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykis. Aquaculture 243:241–254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Park Y, Kim H, Won S, Hamidoghli A, Hasan MT, Kong I, Bai SC (2019) Effects of two dietary probiotics (Bacillus subtilis or licheniformis) with two prebiotics (mannan or fructo oligosaccharide) in Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica. Aquacul Nutr. https://doi.org/10.1111/anu.12993

  • Parker RB (1974) Probiotics, the other half of the antibiotic story. Anim Nutr Health 29:4–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Pawar NA, Prakash C, Kohli MPS, Singh SK, Saharan N, Jadhao SB, Devi BN, Chaudhari AK (2013) Effect of dietary supplementation of mannanoligosaccharide and Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, immunity, disease resistance and digestive enzyme activities of Labeo fimbriatus fingerlings. J Ind Fisheries Assoc 40:59–75

    Google Scholar 

  • Piccolo G, Centoducati G, Marono S, Bovera F, Tudisco R, Nizza A (2011) Effects of the partial substitution of fish meal by soy bean meal with or without mannanoligosaccharide and fructooligosaccharide on the growth and feed utilization of sharp snout seabream, Diplodus puntazzo (Cetti, 1777): preliminary results. Ital J Anim Sci 10(37):195–199

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pryor GS, Royes JB, Chapman FA, Miles RD (2003) Mannanooligosaccharides in fish nutrition: effects of dietary supplementation on growth and gastrointestinal villi structure in Gulf of Mexico sturgeon. N Am J Aquac 65:106–111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rahimnejad S, Guardiola FA, Leclercq E, Esteban MÁ, Castex M, Sotoudeh E, Lee SM (2018) Effects of dietary supplementation with Pediococcus acidilactici MA18/5M, galactooligosaccharide and their synbiotic on growth, innate immunity and disease resistance of rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli). Aquaculture 482:36–44

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Refstie S, Bakke-McKellep A-M, Penn MH, Sundby A, Shearer KD, Krogdahl A (2006) Capacity for digestive hydrolysis and amino acid absorption in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fed diets with soybean meal or inulin with or without addition of antibiotics. Aquaculture 261:392–406

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Remijsen Q, Kuijpers TW, Wirawan E, Lippens S, Vandenabeele P, Berghe TV (2011) Dying for a cause: NETosis, mechanisms behind an antimicrobial cell death modality. Cell Death Differ 18:581–588

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Reza A, Abdolmajid H, Abbas M, Abdol-Mohammad AK (2009) Effect of dietary prebiotic inulin on growth performance, intestinal microflora, body composition and haematological parameters of juvenile beluga, Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758). J World Aquac Soc 40(6):771–779

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ringø E, Sperstad S, Myklebust R, Mayhew TM, Olsen RE (2006) The effect of dietary inulin on bacteria associated with hindgut of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.). Aqua Res 37:891–897

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ringø E, Olsen RE, Gifstad TØ, Dalmo RA, Amlund H, Hemre GI, Bakke AM (2010) Prebiotics in aquaculture: a review. Aquac Nutr 16:117–136

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roberfroid M (1993) Dietary fibre, inulin and oligofructose: a review comparing their physiological effects. CRC Crit Rev Food Sci Technol 33:103–148

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez-Estrada U, Satoh S, Haga Y, Fushimi H, Sweetman J (2009) Effects of single and combined supplementation of Enterococcus faecalis, mannan oligosaccharide and polyhydroxybutyrate acid on growth performance and immune response of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquacult Sci 57:609–617

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sado RY, Almeida Bicudo AJD, Cyrino JEP (2008) Feeding dietary mannan oligosaccharides to juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, has no effect on haematological parameters and showed decreased feed consumption. J World Aquacult Soc 39:821–826

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salah AS, El Nahas AF, Mahmoud S (2017) Modulatory effect of different doses of β-1, 3/1, 6-glucan on the expression of antioxidant, inflammatory, stress and immune-related genes of Oreochromis niloticus challenged with Streptococcus iniae. Fish Shellfish Immunol 70:204–213

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salze G, McLean E, Schwarz MH, Craig SR (2008) Dietary mannan oligosaccharide enhances salinity tolerance and gut development of larval cobia. Aquaculture 274:148–152

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Samrongpan C, Areechon N, Yoonpundh R, Sirsapoome P (2008) Effects of mannan-oligosaccharides on growth, survival and disease resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus) fry. In: 8th International Symposium On Tilapia in Aquaculture, vol. 345353. Egypt: Cairo

    Google Scholar 

  • Sang HM, Ky LT, Fotedar R (2009) Dietary supplementation of mannan oligosaccharide improves the immune responses and survival of marron, Cherax tenuimanus (smith, 1912) when challenged with different stressors. Fish Shellfish Immunol 27:341–348

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shaker KM (2011) Effect of dietary mannan oligosaccharideon growth performance, survival, some haematological andserum biochemical parameters of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) juveniles. M.A. thesis, Islamic Azad University, Babolbranch, Iran, pp. 57

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheikhzadeh N, Heidarieh M, Pashaki AK, Nofouzi K, Farshbafi MA, Akbari M (2012) Hilyses®, fermented Saccharomyces cerevisiae, enhances the growth performance and skin non-specific immune parameters in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish Shellfish Immunol 32:1083–1087

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Singh SK, Tiwari VK, Chadha NK, Prakash C, Munilkumar S, Das P, Mandal SC, Chanu TI (2013) Effect of Bacillus circulans and fructooligosaccharide supplementation on growth and haemato-immunological function of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings exposed to sub-lethal nitrite stress. Isr J Aquacult Bamidgeh 66:1–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh SK, Tiwari VK, Chadha NK, Munilkumar S, Prakash C, Pawar NA (2019) Effect of dietary synbiotic supplementation on growth, immune and physiological status of Labeo rohita juveniles exposed to low Ph stress. Fish Shellfish Immunol 91:358–368

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Staykov Y, Spring P, Denev S, Sweetman J (2007) Effect of mannanoligosaccharide on the growth performance and immune status of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquac Int 15:153–561

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Subramanian S, Mac Kinnon SL, Ross NW (2007) A comparative study on innate immune parameters in the epidermal mucus of various fish species. Comp Biochem Physiol B 148:256–263

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sun Y, Wen Z, Li X, Meng N, Mi R, Li Y, Li S (2011) Dietary supplement of fructooligosaccharides and Bacillus subtilis enhances the growth rate and disease resistance of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka). Aquac Res 43(9):1328–1334

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Swanson KS, Gibson GR, Hutkins R, Reimer RA, Reid G, Verbeke K, Sanders ME (2020) The international scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of synbiotics. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-020-0344-2

  • Tallarida RJ (2011) Quantitative methods for assessing drug synergism. Genes Cancer 2:1003–1008

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Torrecillas S, Makol A, Caballero MJ, Montero D, Robaina L, Real F, Sweetman J (2007) Immune stimulation and improved infection resistance in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed mannanoligosaccharides. Fish Shellfish Immunol 23:969–981

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Torrecillas S, Makol A, Caballero MJ, Montero D, Dhanasiri AKS, Sweetman J, Izquierdo M (2012) Effects on mortality and stress response in European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (L.), fed mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) after Vibrio anguillarum exposure. J Fish Dis 35(8):591–602

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Torrecillas S, Montero D, Caballero MJ, Robaina L, Zamorano MJ, Sweetman J, Izquierdo M (2015) Effects of dietary concentrated mannan oligosaccharides supplementation on growth, gut mucosal immune system and liver lipid metabolism of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles. Fish Shellfish Immunol 42:508–516

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang T, Zhang N, Yu X-B, Qiao F, Chen L-Q, Du Z-Y, Zhang M-L (2020) Inulin alleviates adverse metabolic syndrome and regulates intestinal microbiota composition in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed with high-carbohydrate diet. Br J Nutr 1:1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang W, Wang D (1997) Enhancement of the resistance of tilapia and grass carp to experimental Aeromonas hydrophila and Edwardsiella tarda infections by several polysaccharides. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 20:261–270

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Welker TL, Lim C, Yildirim-Aksoy M, Shelby R, Klesius PH (2007) Immune response and resistance to stress and Edwardsiella ictaluri, fed diets containing commercial whole cell yeast or yeast subcomponents. J World Aquac Soc 38:24–35

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yadav M, Schorey JS (2006) The β-glucan receptor dectin-1 functions together with TLR2 to mediate macrophage activation by mycobacteria. Blood 108(9):3168–3175

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Yancui Z, Kangsen M, Wei X, Wenbing Z, Qinghui A, Yanjiao Z, Xiaojie W, Zhiguo L (2011) Influence of dietary probiotic BacillusTC22 and prebiotic fructooligosaccharide on growth, immune responses and disease resistance against Vibrio splendidus infection in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. J Ocean Univ China 10(3):293–300

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yarahmadi P, Kolangi Miandare H, Hoseinifar SH (2016) Haemato-immunological and serum biochemical parameters, intestinal histomorphology and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed dietary fermentable fibre (Vitacel®). Aquac Nutr 22:1134–1142

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ye JD, Wang K, Li FD, Sun YZ (2011) Single or combined effects of fructooligosaccharide supplements and Bacillus clausii on the growth, feed utilization, body composition, digestive enzyme activity, innate immune response and lipid metabolism of the Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Aquac Nutr 17:902–944

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yilmaz E, Genc MA, Genc E (2007) Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharides on growth, body composition, and intestine and liver histology of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Isr J Aquac 59:182–188

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Q, Yu H, Tong T, Tong W, Dong L, Xu M, Wang Z (2014a) Dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide enhance the growth, non-specific immunity of juvenile ovate pompano, Trachinotus ovatus and its disease resistance against Vibrio vulnificus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 38(1):7–14

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang C-N, Li X-F, Xu W-N, Zhang D-D, Lu K-L, Wang L-N, Tian H-Y, Liu W-B (2014b) Combined effects of dietary fructooligosaccharide and Bacillus licheniformis on growth performance, body composition, intestinal enzymes activities and gut histology of triangular bream (Megalobrama terminalis). Aquac Nutr 21(5):755–766

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Q, Tan B, Mai K, Zhang W, Ma H, Ai Q (2010) Dietary administration of bacillus (B. licheniformis and B.subtilis) and isomaltooligosacchride influences the intestinal microflora, immunological parameters and resistance against Vibrio alginolyticus in shrimp, Penaeus japonicus (Decapoda: Peneidae). Aquac Res 42:943–952

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou L, Zhang J, Yan M, Tang S, Wang X, Qin JG, Li E (2020) Inulin alleviates hypersaline-stress induced oxidative stress and dysbiosis of gut microbiota in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture 529:735681

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou Q-C, Buentello JA, Gatlin DM III (2010) Effects of dietary prebiotics on growth performance, immune response and intestinal morphology of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Aquaculture 309(1-4):253–257

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou ZG, Ding Z, Huiyan LV (2007) Effects of dietary short chain fructooligosaccharides on intestinal microflora, survival, and growth performance of juvenile white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. J World Aquac Soc 38:296–301

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou Z-G, He S, Liu Y, Shi P, Huang G, Yao B (2009) The effects of dietary yeast culture or short-chain Fructo-oligosaccharides on the intestinal autochthonous bacterial communities in juvenile hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus♀×Oreochromis aureus♂. J World Aquac Soc 40(4):450–459

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University (I), Agartala, Tripura, India

    Soibam Khogen Singh & Pradyut Biswas

  2. ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Kolkata Centre, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Sukham Munilkumar

  3. ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mumbai Regional Station, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

    Nilesh A. Pawar

Authors
  1. Soibam Khogen Singh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sukham Munilkumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Nilesh A. Pawar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Pradyut Biswas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Molecular Diagnostic Prophylactics and Nano-Biotechnology (SMDPN), ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

    Sanjay Kumar Gupta

  2. Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)

    Sib Sankar Giri

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Singh, S.K., Munilkumar, S., Pawar, N.A., Biswas, P. (2021). Prebiotic–Synbiotic Nexus: Critical Dietary Role in Aquaculture. In: Gupta, S.K., Giri, S.S. (eds) Biotechnological Advances in Aquaculture Health Management . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5195-3_11

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation