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Exploring Plant Responses to Salinity and Implications of Halophytes as a Model for Salinity Improvement

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Managing Plant Production Under Changing Environment

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Abstract

Inappropriate agricultural practices and environmental impacts are worsening soil salinity. This affects crop yield and, consequently, the dynamics of the international market and food security. According to the stage of development of the plant, the duration of exposure, and the intensity of stress, different responses are triggered to maintain vital metabolic reactions and the integrity of cellular components. The most consumed crops in the world, in general, are glycophytes, and the efforts to find salt-tolerant cultivars have not yet resulted in wide practical application in the field. Since halophytic plants can complete their life cycle under highly saline conditions, they can provide clues about pathways to be explored to improve glycophytes’ response to salinity. In this context, the search for differences between glycophytes and halophytes has contributed to the identification of promising traits of the latter that can enable the achievement of the mentioned aim. Among them, the existence of transcripts unique to halophytes and unannotated, therefore, with unknown functions. Furthermore, although responses to salt are generally common between these two groups of plants, halophytes succeed, for example, regarding the balancing of the Na+/K+ ratio. It can occur through the ability to compartmentalize higher levels of Na+ in vacuoles and to maintain or distribute K+ more efficiently. Moreover, other highlights that can be explored include the ions usage for osmotic adjustment as a metabolically cheaper alternative and more powerful antioxidant system and stress signaling pathways.

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Acknowledgments

Nicolle Louise Ferreira Barros thanks Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq; grant number 140586/2021-0) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES - Finance Code 001). The corresponding author (Deyvid Novaes Marques) thanks Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP; grant numbers 2017/05544-0, 2018/20706-9, and 2020/12666-7) and CNPq (grant number 153102/2016-0).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Nicolle Louise Ferreira Barros

  2. Departamento de Genética, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

    Deyvid Novaes Marques

  3. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil

    Cláudia Regina Batista de Souza

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  1. Nicolle Louise Ferreira Barros
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  2. Deyvid Novaes Marques
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  3. Cláudia Regina Batista de Souza
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Mirza Hasanuzzaman

  2. College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China

    Golam Jalal Ahammed

  3. Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Kamrun Nahar

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Barros, N.L.F., Marques, D.N., de Souza, C.R.B. (2022). Exploring Plant Responses to Salinity and Implications of Halophytes as a Model for Salinity Improvement. In: Hasanuzzaman, M., Ahammed, G.J., Nahar, K. (eds) Managing Plant Production Under Changing Environment. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5059-8_10

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