Abstract
This chapter, Empirical Panorama: Renewable Energy Cooperation Between Brazil and India, which presents the main results obtained by the research and is divided into five sections. The first one presents data on the international acts signed jointly by Brazil and India concerning renewable energy. It also provides an analysis of documents resulting from the South-South meetings mainly regarding the participation of these two countries in multilateral groups. The second section tackles the renewable energy policies that have been established by Brazil and India in a period of over forty years. The third section brings the results of the scientific and technological mapping of Brazil and India based on the analysis of scientific publications. Furthermore, the patents filed by Brazil and India in renewables were mapped and a comparison was made between the scientific and technological production of both countries showing the main partnerships established between them. The fourth section presents the competitiveness indicators of the two countries based on the analysis of the competitiveness reports in a ten-year period: the indicators were compiled, compared and analyzed to identify elements that could promote or limit cooperation between Brazil and India. The fifth section presents the results of the primary research carried out with professionals from the academic, technical and political areas who work in one or more of these areas: energy, renewable energy, politics, international cooperation and international relations.
All the data presented in the empirical panorama refer to the time period from 1945 to 2017/2018.
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Notes
- 1.
In order to identify the presence of the theme “renewable energy” in the acts established between Brazil and India in the Integrated Consular System (ICS), both in the title and in the body of the document itself, it was necessary to read all the international acts in which Brazil and India are joint signatories, for in many cases the theme or type of energy does not appear in the title of the document but in the body of the text only.
- 2.
On August 25, 2017.
- 3.
ASSIN/MCTIC. Brasil-Índia Cooperação [personal message received]. Message received < mcadmm@yahoo.com.br > in April 25, 2017.
- 4.
SISTEMA ELETRONICO DO SERVIÇO DE ATENDIMENTO AO CIDADÃO (e-SIC). Detail of request. Available in: https://esic.cgu.gov.br/sistema/Pedido/DetalhePedido.aspx?id=BIXaPNc9eO0=.
- 5.
Since the research was carried out in September of 2017 this year was not considered.
- 6.
Started operating in 2009.
- 7.
The authors did not consider South Africa in this context, only Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRIC).
- 8.
Patents are initially classified into sections ranging from A to H according to each technology area. Thus, each letter has a group of documents with specific content. Sections are the highest level of the ranking hierarchy. Each section is subdivided into classes, which are the second hierarchical level of the classification and in turn cover one or more subclasses, which are the third hierarchical level of the classification, in order to define a better sorting and pooling of patents.
- 9.
Human Development Report (UNDP 2019).
- 10.
It entered into force in 2009.
- 11.
The Three Gorges Plant in China is considered the largest in the world in terms of installed capacity.
- 12.
Period of three years: 2008–2009, 2009–2010, 2010–2011.
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Arrais de Miranda Mousinho, M.C. (2021). Empirical Panorama: Renewable Energy Cooperation Between Brazil and India. In: Brazil-India Renewable Energy Cooperation. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4877-9_5
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