Abstract
The choice of a social welfare model is the outcome of conscious social action, rather than blind spontaneous reverie. Only if we understand the theoretical basis on which the welfare model is based can we build a scientific, rational and appropriate welfare model. Therefore, a welfare model with Chinese characteristics needs to be supported by a welfare theory with Chinese characteristics. The theoretical basis of the universally integrated welfare model includes the universal welfare theory, the basic integration theory, the baseline equality theory, the appropriate all-inclusive idea and shared-by-all idea.
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Notes
- 1.
Jing and Bi [1].
- 2.
Zhou [2, p. 3].
- 3.
Sun and Dong [3, pp. 26–33].
- 4.
Zhang Li, Achievements and Prospects of Educational Development over Past 30 Years since Reform and Opening-up, http://www.sociology.cass.cn/shxw/zxwz/t20081008_18851.htm.
- 5.
Jing and Bi [1].
- 6.
Jing and Bi [1].
- 7.
Research team of “China Social Security System”, China’s Social Security System Reform: Reflection and Reconstruction, Sociological Studies, No. 6, 2000.
- 8.
Jing [4, pp. 5–8].
- 9.
Ibid., pp. 9–10.
- 10.
Ibid., pp. 11–12.
- 11.
Ibid., pp. 15–18.
- 12.
Jing [4, pp. 253–257].
- 13.
Jing [5].
- 14.
Jing [4, pp. 19–21].
- 15.
Ibid., pp. 22–23.
- 16.
Jing [5].
- 17.
Jing [6].
- 18.
Jing [7].
- 19.
Jing 4, pp. 157–158].
- 20.
Jing [6].
- 21.
Jing [8].
- 22.
Jing [9] p. 133].
- 23.
Ibid., pp. 203–204.
- 24.
Jing [9, p. 147].
- 25.
Ibid., pp. 254–255.
- 26.
Jing [9, pp. 255–256].
- 27.
Ibid., pp. 257–258.
- 28.
Ibid., p. 165.
- 29.
Ibid., p. 158.
- 30.
Jing [10].
- 31.
Jing [9, pp. 143–144].
- 32.
Ibid., p. 143.
- 33.
Jing [9, p. 144].
- 34.
Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping, Vol. 3, People’s Publishing House [11, pp. 110–111].
- 35.
China Development Research Foundation [12, p. 11].
- 36.
Jing [9, p. 158].
- 37.
Dou [13].
- 38.
Han Yumin, Exploration of Moderate Inclusive Welfare Model, http://shfl.mca.gov.cn/article/lyj/sdphts/200812/20,081,200,024,641.shtml?3.
- 39.
Wang [14].
- 40.
Ibid.
- 41.
Ibid.
- 42.
Wang [14].
- 43.
China Development Research Foundation [12, p. 1].
- 44.
Ibid., p. 27.
- 45.
Ibid., p. 28.
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Jing, T. (2021). The Theoretical Basis of Universally Integrated Welfare Model. In: The Welfare System of Universal Integration in China. Understanding China. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4839-7_3
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