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Raman Spectroscopy of TiO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Hydrolysis of TiCl4: Effect of Sulfate Ions Concentration

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Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Fundamental and Applied Sciences

Part of the book series: Springer Proceedings in Complexity ((SPCOM))

Abstract

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were synthesized via precipitation method. The objective of the work is to investigate the influence of ammonium sulfate concentration on the properties of as-synthesized and calcined TiO2 nanoparticles at room temperature. The concentrations were varied based on molar fraction of TiCl4:ammonium sulfate ranging from 20:1 to 0.5:1. The morphology and types of phases present in the samples were characterized using TEM, XRD and Raman spectroscopy. Titanium dioxide particles with pure anatase phase were successfully synthesized at 350 ℃ for 2 h with crystallite size ranging from 22 to 67 nm. Typical spherical shaped TiO2 particles were observed from TEM images. As the concentration of sulfate ions increased, the average crystallite size was found to decrease. Based on the Raman spectra, shifting of peak position (Eg mode) to lower wavenumber with decreased crystallite size was found to be different from other reported works. This may be caused by defects formed due to traces of sulfate ions coordinated to Ti(IV) surface atoms. The major anatase peaks such as 635 cm−1 (Eg mode) and 397 cm−1 (B1g mode) were found to be predominant in all uncalcined samples and the peaks intensity increased after calcination.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their gratitude to Yayasan Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (YUTP 015LC0-276) and The MURATA Science Foundation (015ME0-188) for financial support. Research facilities from the Centre of Innovative Nanostructures and Nanodevices (COINN) and Photocatalyst Laboratory at Catalyst Research (CARE) Laboratory in Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS are greatly acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia

    Kar Mun Lee, Chong Fai Kait & Jun Wei Lim

  2. Centre of Innovative Nanostructures and Nanodevices (COINN), Institute of Autonomous System (IAS), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia

    Chong Fai Kait

  3. Faculty of Engineering & Information Technology, Southern University College, Skudai, 81300, Skudai, Johor DT, Malaysia

    Geok Bee Teh

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia

    Samsul Ariffin Abdul Karim

  2. Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia

    Mohd Fadhlullah Abd Shukur

  3. Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia

    Chong Fai Kait

  4. Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia

    Hassan Soleimani

  5. Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia

    Hamzah Sakidin

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Lee, K.M., Kait, C.F., Lim, J.W., Teh, G.B. (2021). Raman Spectroscopy of TiO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Hydrolysis of TiCl4: Effect of Sulfate Ions Concentration. In: Abdul Karim, S.A., Abd Shukur, M.F., Fai Kait, C., Soleimani, H., Sakidin, H. (eds) Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Fundamental and Applied Sciences. Springer Proceedings in Complexity. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4513-6_8

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