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Ozone Impacts and Climate Forcing: Thailand as a Case Study

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Greenhouse Gases: Sources, Sinks and Mitigation

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Abstract

Ozone (O3) is a secondary pollutant that is not emitted directly from emission sources, but it is formed in the atmosphere through photochemical reaction. O3 in stratosphere is known as “good ozone” because this O3 layer prevents life from ultraviolet (UV) radiation by filter and reducing the intensity of the radiation; on the other hand, tropospheric O3 with high concentrations has adverse effects on human health, plants, and environment. Moreover, tropospheric O3 is the third most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). Tropospheric O3 has positive radiative forcing that leads to global warming; therefore, the increases in tropospheric O3 concentrations enhance the average global temperature. Besides the direct effects of tropospheric O3 on global radiation budget, the changes in its concentration also perturb the mixing ratio of other atmospheric chemical compositions which eventually affect global energy budget.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Pre-industrial time (1850) to present-day (2000) (Naik et al. 2013, pp. 5277–5298).

  2. 2.

    hϑ js photon energy in this situation is sunlight with wavelength (λ) less than 420 nm.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Technology Program, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

    Pornpan Uttamang

  2. Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA

    Viney P. Aneja & William Battye

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  1. Pornpan Uttamang
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Correspondence to Pornpan Uttamang .

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  1. Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India

    Saurabh Sonwani

  2. Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India

    Pallavi Saxena

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Uttamang, P., Aneja, V.P., Battye, W. (2022). Ozone Impacts and Climate Forcing: Thailand as a Case Study. In: Sonwani, S., Saxena, P. (eds) Greenhouse Gases: Sources, Sinks and Mitigation. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4482-5_9

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