Management of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Children and Pregnant Women

Lai, Ming-Wei; Chen, Huey-Ling; Chang, Mei-Hwei

doi:10.1007/978-981-16-3615-8_16

Ming-Wei Lai^2,3,
Huey-Ling Chen⁴ &
Mei-Hwei Chang⁵

710 Accesses

Abstract

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a substantial global health burden. Despite immunoprophylaxis and advancement in antiviral therapies in the past decades, there is still an enormous load of afflicted people, mostly adults born before the HBV universal vaccination program and children without timely vaccination or immunization failure. Like adults, infected children may experience hepatitis activity and chronic consequences without awareness and thus require screening, followed by close monitoring and proper treatment. As of 2021, most antivirals licensed for adults are approved for children (including pegylated interferon and tenofovir). HBV-infected pregnant women are a particular group that needs screening to identify and monitoring hepatic inflammation and viral loads during pregnancy and postpartum to implement appropriate management for maternal/fetal health and to prevent mother-to-infant transmission of HBV. The best practice and long-term impacts in children and pregnant women/offspring are still evolving. To reach the goal of eliminating viral hepatitis of the World Health Assembly by 2030, infant vaccination should be aided with maternal late pregnancy prophylaxis. Screening, monitoring, antiviral therapy, and surveillance of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma are the secondary strategies toward the global elimination of chronic hepatitis B. They should include children and pregnant women as a whole.

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Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Department of Pediatrics, and Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Ming-Wei Lai
Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Ming-Wei Lai
Departments of Pediatrics, Medical Education and Bioethics and Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Children’s Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Huey-Ling Chen
Departments of Pediatrics and Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Children’s Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Mei-Hwei Chang

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Lai, MW., Chen, HL., Chang, MH. (2021). Management of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Children and Pregnant Women. In: Kao, JH. (eds) Hepatitis B Virus and Liver Disease. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3615-8_16

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