Abstract
Lymphatic and venous malformations co-exist not uncommonly in patients with primary lymphedema. The clinical manifestations in the affected limb generally resemble the effects of lymphedema. Imaging of both lymphatic and blood vessels may assist in making an accurate diagnosis.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Mellor RH, Brice G, Stanton AW, French J, Smith A, Jeffery S, Levick JR, Burnand KG, Mortimer PS. Mutations in FOXC2 are strongly associated with primary valve failure in veins of the lower limb. Circulation. 2007;115(14):1912–20.
Petrova TV, Karpanen T, Norrmén C, Mellor R, Tamakoshi T, Finegold D, Ferrell R, Kerjaschki D, Mortimer P, Ylä-Herttuala S, Miura N, Alitalo K. Defective valves and abnormal mural cell recruitment underlie lymphatic vascular failure in lymphedema distichiasis. Nat Med. 2004;10(9):974–81.
Liu NF, Lu Q, Yan ZX. Lymphatic malformation is a common component of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. J Vasc Surg. 52(6):1557–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2010.06.166.
Gordon K, Spiden SL, Connell FC, Brice G, Cottrell S, Short J, Taylor R, Jeffery S, Mortimer PS, Mansour S, Ostergaard P. FLT4/VEGFR3 and Milroy disease: novel mutations, a review of published variants and database update. Hum Mutat. 2013;34(1):23–31. https://doi.org/10.1002/humu.22223.
Mellor RH, Hubert CE, Stanton AW, Tate N, Akhras V, Smith A, Burnand KG, Jeffery S, Mäkinen T, Levick JR, Mortimer PS. Lymphatic dysfunction, not aplasia, underlies Milroy disease. Microcirculation. 2010;17(4):281–96. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1549-8719.2010.00030.x.
Sabin FR. On the origin of the lymphatic system from the veins and the development of the lymph heart and thoracic duct in the pig. Am J Anat. 1902;1:367–89.
Semo J, Nicenboim J, Yaniv K. Development of the lymphatic system: new questions and paradigms. Development. 2016;143(6):924–35. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.132431.
Bazigou E, Lyons OT, Smith A, Venn GE, Cope C, Brown NA, Makinen T. Genes regulating lymphangiogenesis control venous valve formation and maintenance in mice. J Clin Invest. 2011;121(8):2984–92. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI58050.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Liu, N. (2021). Co-Existence of Lymphatic and Venous System Malformation. In: Liu, N. (eds) Peripheral Lymphedema. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3484-0_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3484-0_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-16-3483-3
Online ISBN: 978-981-16-3484-0
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)