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Development of Mycotoxicology in India

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Progress in Mycology

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Abstract

Mycotoxigenic fungi grow on a wide range of agricultural crops and their products and have the ability to produce one or more, low-molecular-weight toxic secondary metabolites known as mycotoxins. This term was coined after a veterinary outbreak in England (UK) in 1962 where lakhs of poultry birds died after ingesting aflatoxin-contaminated peanut meal. Since then, mycotoxins have assumed global importance. From India also, a number of acute and chronic diseases and in some cases fatal consequences have been reported among humans and animals after ingestion of food/feed contaminated with mycotoxins. Various environmental parameters like temperature, water activity and pH along with the nutritional status of the substrate are the key determinants of fungal colonization and biosynthesis of mycotoxins. The most important mycotoxigenic species belong to the fungal genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium, which produce mycotoxins like aflatoxins, ochratoxins, fumonisins, patulin, citrinin, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol and many more. In view of being natural unavoidable contaminants of foods and feeds, mycotoxins impose health risks to the consumers as they are heat stable and have diverse toxic effects and synergistic properties. This review summarizes data on the natural occurrence of mycotoxins with acute toxicological characteristics found associated with cereals, animal feeds, dried medicinal herbs, fresh and sun-dried fruits and vegetables, dry nuts, spices and condiments, oil seeds, oilseed cakes, vegetable oils and many other consumables of importance grown and consumed in India.

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  1. Department of Botany, University of Jammu, Jammu, India

    Anjali Sharma & Geeta Sumbali

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  1. Division of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Tulasi Satyanarayana

  2. TERI-Deakin Nano Biotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, India

    Sunil Kumar Deshmukh

  3. Director, Greenvention Biotech Pvt. Ltd., Uruli Kanchan, Maharashtra, India

    Mukund V. Deshpande

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Sharma, A., Sumbali, G. (2021). Development of Mycotoxicology in India. In: Satyanarayana, T., Deshmukh, S.K., Deshpande, M.V. (eds) Progress in Mycology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3307-2_15

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