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Synthesis and Characterization of Quantum Cutting Phosphor Materials

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Handbook on Synthesis Strategies for Advanced Materials

Part of the book series: Indian Institute of Metals Series ((IIMS))

Abstract

The rare earth ions produce photoluminescence in the entire range of the electromagnetic spectrum particularly in the UV, vis and NIR regions. The present chapter describes the synthesis of quantum cutting phosphor materials using different methods, such as solid-state reaction, combustion, sol–gel, hot-injection, hydrothermal, along with a melting-quenching method for the glass materials and studies the photoluminescence of the rare earth doped quantum cutting phosphor materials. Quantum cutting (QC) is a downconversion (DC) process in which the conversion of a high-energy photon into the two or more low-energy photons takes place. This process not only takes place in the singly rare earth doped materials but also in the doubly and/or triply rare earth doped materials. The difference is only in the energy transfer route between activator and sensitizer ions. This occurs due to cooperative energy transfer (CET) process. In energy transfer process, the photoluminescence intensity of sensitizer ion decreases whereas the photoluminescence intensity of activator ion increases accordingly. The change in photoluminescence intensity of these ions is highly concentration dependent. The photoluminescence intensity versus pump power measurements shows that the photoluminescence intensity of the visible region is a linear process while that of the NIR region occurs due to nonlinear process. The change in photoluminescence intensity of the sensitizer ions can be established from the lifetime measurements. The preparation and characterization of different rare earth-based quantum cutting materials and their applications in large numbers of the emerging fields have been also included.

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Abbreviations

BG:

Band gap

CET:

Cooperative energy transfer

CTS:

Charge transfer state

DC:

Downconversion

DS:

Downshifting

ET:

Energy transfer

ETE:

Energy transfer efficiency

FPD:

Flat panel devices

Hg:

Mercury

LEDs:

Light-emitting diodes

LT:

Lifetime

NIR:

Near infrared

µm:

Micro-meter

nm:

Nano-meter

PL:

Photoluminescence

PLE:

Photoluminescence excitation

PPD:

Plasma panel devices

QC:

Quantum cutting

QDs:

Quantum dots

QE:

Quantum efficiency

QY:

Quantum yield

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

TEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

UC:

Upconversion

UV:

Ultraviolet

Vis:

Visible

wLEDs:

White light-emitting diodes

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India

    Ram Sagar Yadav

  2. Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India

    Raghumani S. Ningthoujam

  3. Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India

    Raghumani S. Ningthoujam

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  1. Ram Sagar Yadav
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  2. Raghumani S. Ningthoujam
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Correspondence to Ram Sagar Yadav or Raghumani S. Ningthoujam .

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  1. Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

    A. K. Tyagi

  2. Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

    Raghumani S. Ningthoujam

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Yadav, R.S., Ningthoujam, R.S. (2021). Synthesis and Characterization of Quantum Cutting Phosphor Materials. In: Tyagi, A.K., Ningthoujam, R.S. (eds) Handbook on Synthesis Strategies for Advanced Materials. Indian Institute of Metals Series. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1892-5_7

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