Abstract
The role of women in physics tends to be more junior than that of men. Throughout the history of science, there is a gender orientation of academic qualifications especially in the fields of mathematics and physics (Bokova in Cracking the code: girls’ and women’s education in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). UNESCO, France, p. 85, 2017). In the Middle East, education plays an important role to improve the social level of citizens. Despite the large progress of human rights in the Middle East countries, the percentage of women in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) is very small. Remarkably, there is even a worldwide negative correlation between the gender gap and the percentage of women studying STEM subjects, i.e., in countries with low gender gaps the percentage of women studying STEM subjects is actually lower than in countries with higher gender gaps. In this chapter, we will therefore throw light on the pioneering role of some Arab women in science\(^\dagger \). This could inspire more women to enrich STEM fields (Sokuler and Justman in Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, 2018).
Hazem A. Karim: To my wife Dr. S. Thuss and my kids Husam A. Karim & Carla A. Karim.
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Karim, H.A., Karim, A.A. (2021). Female Pioneers in Physics from Egypt. In: Karim, A.A., Khalil, R., Moustafa, A. (eds) Female Pioneers from Ancient Egypt and the Middle East. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1413-2_5
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