Skip to main content

Mechanism for Saving Base Stations Energy Using Binary Particle Swarm Optimization

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Computer Networks and Inventive Communication Technologies

Abstract

Energy is a precious resource and that has to be saved for a sustainable hassle-free future. The main objective of this paper is to save the base stations energy in order to increase the nodes lifetime in a network. This paper focuses on 5G networks by considering a heterogeneous nature of cells, i.e., macro and small cells. Both low-data and high-data traffic rates are taken into account. The base station will be serving the user environments that tend to overlap the nearby base stations area. Therefore, making the other base station to remain in a sleep state, and save the base stations energy. A binary particle swarm optimization is formulated for solving this approach to save the base stations energy. The results obtained are compared with the conventional schemes, and it is inferred that the proposed approach is better than the existing approaches. The aggregate delay is less according to this proposed method.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Wu J, Zhang Y, Zukerman M (2015) Energy-efficient base-station sleep-mode techniques in green cellular networks: a survey. IEEE Commun Surv Tutorials 17(2):803–826

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Webb M, GeSI (Global e-Sustainability Initiative). SMART (2020) Enabling the low carbon economy in the information age. The Climate Group, Lambeth, London, p 2008

    Google Scholar 

  3. Fehske A, Fettweis G, Malmodin J, Biczok G (2011) The global footprint of mobile communications: the ecological and economic perspective. IEEE Commun Mag 49(8):55–62

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Zhang J, Wu M, Zhao M (2020) Energy-efficient switching on/off strategies analysis for dense cellular networks with partial conventional base-stations, special section on green communications on wireless networks. IEEE Access 8:9133–9145

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Hasan Z, Boostanimehr H, Bhargava VK (2011) Green cellular networks: a survey, some research issues and challenges. IEEE Commun Surv Tutorials 13:524–540

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Son K, Kim H, Yi Y, Krishnamachari B (2011) Base station operation and user association mechanisms for energy-delay tradeoffs in green cellular networks. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 29:1525–1536

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Han T, Ansari N (2013) On greening cellular networks via multicell cooperation. IEEE Wirel Commun 20:82–89

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Liu C, Natarajan B, Xia H (2016) Small cell base station sleep strategies for energy efficiency. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 65:1652–1661

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Ashraf I, Boccardi F, Ho L (2011) SLEEP mode techniques for small cell deployments. IEEE Commun Mag 49:72–79

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Ghosh P, Das SS, Naravaram S, Chandhar P (2012) Energy saving in OFDMA cellular systems using base-station sleep mode: 3GPP-LTE a case study. In: Proceedings of the national conference on communications (NCC). Kharagpur, pp 1–5

    Google Scholar 

  11. Darnnjanovic A, Montojo J, Wei Y, Ji T, Luo T, Vajapeyam M, Yoo T, Song O, MaUadi D (2011) A survey on 3GPP heterogeneous networks. IEEE Wirel Commun Mag 18:10–21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Saker L, Elayoubi SE, Combes R, Chahed T (2012) Optimal control of wake up mechanisms of Femtocells in heterogeneous networks. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 30:664–672

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Wildemeersch M, Quek TQS, Slump CH, Rabbachin A (2013) Cognitive small cell networks: energy efficiency and trade-offs. IEEE Trans Commun 61:4016–4029

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Feng M, Mao S, Jiang T (2016) BOOST: Base station on-off switching strategy for energy efficient massive mimo hetnets. In: Proceedings of the 35th annual international conference on computer communications, IEEE INFOCOM 2016. San Francisco, CA, USA, pp 1395–1403

    Google Scholar 

  15. Cai S, Che Y, Duan L, Wang J, Zhou S, Zhang R (2016) Green 5G heterogeneous networks through dynamic small-cell operation. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 34:1103–1115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Antonopoulos A, Kartsakli E, Bousia A, Alonso L, Verikoukis C (2015) Energy-efficient infrastructure sharing in multi-operator mobile networks. IEEE Commun Mag 53:242–249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Ebrahim A, Alsusa E (2017) Interference and resource management through sleep mode selection in heterogeneous networks. IEEE Trans Commun 65(1):257–269

    Google Scholar 

  18. Chang P, Miao G (2017) Energy and spectral efficiency of cellular networks with discontinuous transmission. IEEE Trans Wirel Commun 16(5):2991–3002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Kim J, Lee H-W, Chong S (2018) Traffic-aware energy-saving base station sleeping and clustering in cooperative networks. IEEE Trans Wirel Commun 17(2):1173–1186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Oikonomakou M, Antonopoulos A, Alonso L, Verikoukis C (2015) Cooperative base station switching off in multi-operator shared heterogeneous network. In: Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE global communications conference. San Diego, CA, USA, pp 1–6

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ishii H, Kishiyama Y, Takahashi H (2012) A novel architecture for LTE-B: C-plane/U-plane split and phantom cell concept. In: Proceedings of the IEEE GLOBECOM workshops. Anaheim, CA, USA, pp 624–630

    Google Scholar 

  22. Astely D, Dahlman E, Fodor G, Parkvall S, Sachs J (2013) LTE release 12 and beyond. IEEE Commun Mag 51:154–160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Mukherjee S, Ishii H (2013) Energy efficiency in the phantom cell enhanced local area architecture. In: Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE wireless communications and networking conference (WCNC). Shanghai, China, pp 1267–1272

    Google Scholar 

  24. Usama M, Erol-Kantarci M (2019) A survey on recent trends and open issues in energy efficiency of 5G. Sensors 19(3126):1–23

    Google Scholar 

  25. Alsharif MH, Kelechi AH, Kim J, Kim JH (2019) Energy efficiency and coverage trade-off in 5G for eco-friendly and sustainable cellular networks. Symmetry 11(408):1–21

    Google Scholar 

  26. Wu J, Wong EWM, Chan Y, Zukerman M (2017) ‘Energy efficiency—QoS tradeoff in cellular networks with base-station sleeping. In: Proceedings IEEE GLOBECOM communications conference, pp 1–7

    Google Scholar 

  27. Luo J, Chen Q, Tang L (2018) Reducing power consumption by joint sleeping strategy and power control in delay-aware C-RAN. IEEE Access 6:14655–14667

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Tang L, Wang W, Wang Y, Chen Q (2017) An energy-saving algorithm with joint user association, clustering, and ON/OFF strategies in dense heterogeneous networks. IEEE Access 5:12988–13000

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. James J, Li VO (2014) Base station switching problem for green cellular networks with social spider algorithm. In: Proceedings of IEEE congress on evolutionary computation. Beijing, China, pp 2338–2344

    Google Scholar 

  30. Beitelmal T, Yanikomeroglu H (2014) A set cover based algorithm for cell switch-off with different cell sorting criteria. In: Proceedings of IEEE international conference on communications workshops, pp 641–646

    Google Scholar 

  31. Khanesar MA, Teshnehlab M, Shoorehdeli MA (2007) A novel binary particle swarm optimization. In: Mediterranean conference on control and automation

    Google Scholar 

  32. Wu J, Wong EWM, Guo J, Zukerman M (2017) Performance analysis of green cellular networks with selective base-station sleeping. Perform Eval 111:17–36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Auer G, Giannini V, Desset C, Godor I, Skillermark P, Olsson M, Imran M, Sabella D, Gonzalez M, Blume O et al (2011) How much energy is needed to run a wireless network? IEEE Wirel Commun 18:40–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the support and encouragement by the Management, Principal, and Head of Department of Computer Applications and Electronics and Communication Engineering, toward this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. D. C. Navin Dhinnesh .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Navin Dhinnesh, A.D.C., Sabapathi, T. (2021). Mechanism for Saving Base Stations Energy Using Binary Particle Swarm Optimization. In: Smys, S., Palanisamy, R., Rocha, Á., Beligiannis, G.N. (eds) Computer Networks and Inventive Communication Technologies. Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies, vol 58. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9647-6_23

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9647-6_23

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-15-9646-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-15-9647-6

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics