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Magnets, Magnetism, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging: History, Basics, Clinical Aspects, and Future Directions

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Modern Techniques in Biosensors

Part of the book series: Studies in Systems, Decision and Control ((SSDC,volume 327))

Abstract

Magnets and magnetism have played an intriguing and controversial role in human medicine. Undoubtedly, the most relevant use of magnetic phenomenon in modern clinics pertains to the diagnostic potential of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) that employs low-intensity radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation to study subjects placed in a strong magnetic field. The physical basis of MRI lies in its inherent ability to monitor the temporal and spatial distribution of tissue water protons, in the process taking into account local abnormalities to generate images with variable contrast. The contrast produced in MRI is further enhanced by the administration of paramagnetic entities called contrast agents that allow for superior spatial resolution in MRI. This chapter gives a glimpse into the history and development of MRI as a diagnostic imaging tool. The fundamentals of the MRI technique, contrast agent design, their current clinical status, and future directions are also discussed.

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  1. Department of Radiolgy, Michigan State University, 846 Service Road, East Lansing, MI, USA

    Shatadru Chakravarty & Erik M. Shapiro

  2. Institute for Quantitative Health Sciences and Engineering, Michigan State University, 775 Woodlot Dr, East Lansing, MI, USA

    Shatadru Chakravarty & Erik M. Shapiro

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  1. School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India

    Gorachand Dutta

  2. School of Mines and Metallurgy, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India

    Arindam Biswas

  3. A. K. Choudhury School of Information Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Amlan Chakrabarti

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Chakravarty, S., Shapiro, E.M. (2021). Magnets, Magnetism, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging: History, Basics, Clinical Aspects, and Future Directions. In: Dutta, G., Biswas, A., Chakrabarti, A. (eds) Modern Techniques in Biosensors. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol 327. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9612-4_6

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