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Soil-Forming Factors

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The Soils of Japan

Part of the book series: World Soils Book Series ((WSBS))

Abstract

Because the current climate zone of Japan ranges from subtropical to subarctic, soil temperature regime also varies from hyperthermic to frigid. The annual precipitation ranges from less than 1000 to over 2500 mm. The Pleistocene climate also affected the development of soils of Japan through formation and deposition of soil parent materials. The outline of the landforms has mainly been formed by the subduction of the tectonic plates in the vicinity, leading to a long and complicated history of the geology. The Japanese Islands constitute the most prominent volcanic area in the world with more than 111 active volcanoes. The plains are divided into the coastal plains and the inland mountain basin. A wide range of wind-blown dust, including Kosa, has been added to various sediments. The vegetation is characterized by a large number of species and a high percentage of endemic species due to a large variation in landscape, geology and climate. The majority of mountainous, hilly and volcanic areas are covered with forests. Most agricultural lands in cities situated in flat areas and suburban alluvial lowlands are mainly used for paddy fields, and higher terraces are used for upland cultivation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan

    Kenji Tamura

  2. National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa City, Tokyo, Japan

    Hideki Miura

  3. Kansai Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Center, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan

    Shinji Kaneko

  4. Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology, Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan

    Tetsuya Sano

  5. Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, NARO, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan

    Hideo Kubotera

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  1. Kenji Tamura
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  2. Hideki Miura
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  3. Shinji Kaneko
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  4. Tetsuya Sano
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  5. Hideo Kubotera
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Correspondence to Kenji Tamura .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan

    Ryusuke Hatano

  2. Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Hitoshi Shinjo

  3. National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

    Yusuke Takata

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Tamura, K., Miura, H., Kaneko, S., Sano, T., Kubotera, H. (2021). Soil-Forming Factors. In: Hatano, R., Shinjo, H., Takata, Y. (eds) The Soils of Japan. World Soils Book Series. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8229-5_2

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