Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) turned out to be one the most substantial global crisis in the recent times. Researchers all around the world are trying to understand the factors which influence and govern the occurrence and evolution of the pandemic. Earlier understanding of diseases generated by similar family of viruses suggest that climate factors do influence the growth of disease. Similarly, the risk of natural or manmade disaster depends on the vulnerability, exposure and capacity of the population. These factors in turn depend on the socio-economic status of the exposed population. During the past few years, it has been realized that India is highly vulnerable to climate change with the existing socio-economic condition. Given the severity of COVID 19 pandemic, it becomes necessary to investigate the role of climatic factors and socio-economic conditions in augmenting the risk of the disease. This chapter discusses the role of climatic and socio-economic conditions in increasing the risk of COVID 19 pandemic. We first discuss the dependence of climatic variables in augmenting the risk of the similar diseases. Then, the role of socio-economic status of the exposed population is investigated by previous studies. Further, the chapter incorporates a case study which explores the role of four climatic variables (pressure, relative humidity, temperature and wind speed) in governing the risk of COVID 19 in India. The hazard measure in terms of the occurrence of different percentiles of confirmed COVID 19 cases was calculated and then combined with the vulnerability and exposure indicators to estimate the risks. The case study is carried out using extreme value theory in a nonstationary setting to check and incorporate the dynamic nature of climate and COVID 19 dependence.
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Jha, S., Goyal, M.K. (2020). COVID 19 Threat and the Role of Human and Natural Factors. In: Goyal, M.K., Gupta, A.K. (eds) Integrated Risk of Pandemic: Covid-19 Impacts, Resilience and Recommendations. Disaster Resilience and Green Growth. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7679-9_4
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