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Clinical and Biomedical Engineering in the Human Nose pp 157–192Cite as

Clinical Implications of Nasal Airflow Simulations

Part of the Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering book series (BIOMEDICAL)

Abstract

This chapter provides an up-to-date literature review on the relevance of CFD modeling results in clinical settings and the efforts made in the field to establish normative ranges for some CFD-derived variables. We discuss the significance of CFD-derived variables such as unilateral nasal airflow partitioning, nasal airway resistance, heat flux and wall shear stress on nasal function or symptomatology, and the strong associations established with these variables. Two important issues are discussed: (i) a need to establish meaningful representation involving combinations of different computed variables in order to accurately capture the full dynamical nature of patient-reported symptomatology; (ii) a need to develop a robust database of normative values for CFD-derived variables since typical healthy human sinonasal airway anatomies are characterized by substantial intersubject variability that confound concise description of normal airflow profile.

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Fig. 8.1

Figure from Wootton and co-authors [144]

Fig. 8.2

Figure from Cherobin et al. [20]

Fig. 8.3

Figure from Garcia et al. [52]

Fig. 8.4

Figure from Garcia et al. [52]

Fig. 8.5

Figure modified from Vogt and co-authors [137]

Fig. 8.6

Figure from Bailey and co-authors [7])

Fig. 8.7

Figure modified from Inthavong and co-authors [70]

Fig. 8.8

Reproduced with permission from [120]

Fig. 8.9

Reproduced with permission from Zhao and Jiang [148] & Ramprasad and Frank-Ito [120]

Fig. 8.10

reproduced with permission from Blaney [12]

Fig. 8.11

Reproduced with permission from Na et al. [108]

Fig. 8.12

Reproduced with permission from Kim et al. [80]

Notes

  1. 1.

    This relation is obtained using the definitions of airflow partitioning, nasal resistance, and the fact that the pressure drop is the same in the left and right cavities.

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  1. Duke University, Durham, NC, USA

    Dennis Onyeka Frank-Ito

  2. Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI, USA

    Guilherme Garcia

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  1. Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia

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  2. Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Narinder Singh

  3. Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia

    Dr. Eugene Wong

  4. Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia

    Prof. Jiyuan Tu

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Frank-Ito, D.O., Garcia, G. (2021). Clinical Implications of Nasal Airflow Simulations. In: Inthavong, K., Singh, N., Wong, E., Tu, J. (eds) Clinical and Biomedical Engineering in the Human Nose. Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6716-2_8

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