Abstract
Vallarpadam ICTT Port in the state of Kerala was connected with NH-47 by 17.20 km long four-lane highway. Starting from the junction with NH-47, the first 8.40 km length of the project road was on land area. The rest of the project corridor was routed across reclaimed land and the last part of the road was in island of port area. Deep soft clay deposits were found along the project road. In the land area of project stretch, stone column had been adopted for the foundations of RCC retaining wall and box underpass structure as an alternative to pile foundations. The details of foundation adopted, design involving evaluation of load bearing capacity of stone columns-treated soft ground for the retaining wall and underpass structures, and results of load tests on stone columns are provided here in this paper. Details of machinery used, procedures adopted in the installation of vibratory stone columns, and different field controls adopted to ensure the proper formation of stone columns are presented here.
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References
IS 6403 (1981) Code of Practice for Determination of Bearing Capacity of Shallow foundations
IS: 8009 (Part I) (1976) Code of Practice for Calculations of Settlement of Foundations, Part I Shallow Foundations
IRC 78 (2000) Standard Specifications and Code of Practice for Road Bridges, Section VII Foundations and Substructure
IS 15284 Part 1 (2003) Design and Construction for Ground Improvement—Guidelines Part 1 Stone Columns
IRC-HRB (1994) State of the Art: High Embankment on Soft Ground—Part A—Stage Construction and Part B—Ground Improvement
Mandal Avik Kumar, Rao P. J., Biswas Pradyot, Sailesh S (2011) - Foundations for retaining walls on soft clay deposits along highway to ICTT, Vallarpadam Port in Cochin. In: Proceedings of Indian geotechnical conference i.e. IGC 2011, namely “GEOCHALLENGES”, organized by Indian Geotechnical Society (IGS) in KOCHI, Kerala, India, pp 1011–1014, December 2011
Acknowledgments
The authors thank senior managements, design, and construction supervision team of engineers of M/s. LEA Associates South Asia Pvt. Ltd. (LASA), New Delhi, India for providing the support and encouragement in preparation of the paper.
As stated earlier, some of the contents of the paper on foundation treatment with stone column for RCC retaining wall are based on earlier same project work as mentioned in the technical paper of same author published in “Proceedings of IGC2011” given under reference no. 6 of this paper.
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Mandal, A.K., Sailesh, S., Biswas, P. (2020). Ground Improvement for Foundations of Structures Using Stone Column—Case Study on Road Connectivity to ICTT, Vallarpadam Port in Cochin, Kerala, India. In: Latha Gali, M., Raghuveer Rao, P. (eds) Construction in Geotechnical Engineering. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 84. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6090-3_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6090-3_12
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