Abstract
The first decade of the twenty-first century witnessed momentous changes in the distribution of power in West Asia as well as within the international system. Given those shifting power relations, a fresh evaluation of Iran’s international relations during the 2000s imposes itself.
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Notes
- 1.
Adib-Moghaddam 2007: 28.
- 2.
Ibid.: 29.
- 3.
Ibid.: 188. Against this backdrop, Adib-Moghaddam (2007: 188–189) argues that ‘the question of the Islamic Republic can only be posed and answered in the plural, that Iran in fact cannot be captured because Iranians number over seventy million, because life and culture in Lorestan are not the same as in Sistan-Baluchestan, because I don’t know of any effective methodology that could capture Iranians in their entirety, from the Iranian-Jew in Boroujerd to the Iranian-Baha’i in exile. In short, […] any reduction of Iran along a set of easily digestible propositions has a political purpose, typically carried by a myth making apparatus.’
- 4.
Ibid.: 25.
- 5.
Ibid.: 194.
- 6.
See Barnett 1996.
- 7.
The White House 2006: 20.
- 8.
On the latter aspect, Ansari (2006: 233) observes: ‘Students of international relations have a tendency to look at state as actors—rational or otherwise—with an occasional foray into the domestic political context of their foreign policy making. Rarely do we look at the ways in which these actors relate and communicate with each other or the ways in which they have influenced the behavior and perceptions of the other. When we do, more often than not any assessment of influence tends to be one way.’
- 9.
Perthes 2004b.
Bibliography
A
Adib-Moghaddam, Arshin (2007) Iran in World Politics: The Question of the Islamic Republic, London: Hurst. (Published in 2008 by Columbia University Press, New York.)
Ansari, Ali M. (2006) Confronting Iran: The Failure of American Foreign Policy and the Roots of Mistrust, New York: Basic Books.
B
Barnett, Michael N. (1996) ‘Identity and Alliances in the Middle East’, in: Katzenstein (ed.) The Culture of National Security, pp. 400–447.
P
Perthes, Volker (2004b) Bewegung im Mittleren Osten: Internationale Geopolitik und regionale Dynamiken nach dem Irak- Krieg [Agitation in the Middle East: International geopolitics and regional dynamics after the Iraq War], Berlin: German Institute for International and Security Affairs of the Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (SWP) (SWP-Studie, No. S 32, September).
Official Documents (Excerpts)
The White House (2006) The National Security Strategy of the United States of America, March, Washington, DC. United Nations Human Rights Council (2013) Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights in the Islamic Republic Iran, advance unedited version, A/HRC/22/56, 28 February. [Esp. see pp. 22–23 on economic sanctions.]
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Fathollah-Nejad, A. (2021). Introduction. In: Iran in an Emerging New World Order. Studies in Iranian Politics. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6074-3_1
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