Abstract
Unexpected fluctuations in diesel prices, depletion of fossil fuel reserves, and global warming have prompted many countries to develop new energy policies that encourage the use of alternative energy sources. Renewable energy resources such as solar and wind energy are clean and can be used extensively. Combining these sources with storage batteries can result in better, cleaner, economical and more reliable results compared to a single source. In this paper, the techno-economic feasibility of using an integrated electricity generation system for a remote rural school in southern Iraq was studied. The HOMER program was used in this study. The average life expectancy of the proposed system is 20 years. The results show that the cheapest systems are those with relevant optimal values of 11 PV and 6 WT, utilizing 49 batteries and 8 converters at a cost of US$0.527 per kWh; NPC rated at US$80,097; O&M cost of US$1,040/year; IC of US$54,250; and RF of 100%.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Hemeida AM, El-ahmar MH, El-sayed AM, Hany MH, Salem A, Esmail MFC, Senjyu T (2019) Optimum design of hybrid wind/PV energy system for remote area. Ain Shams Eng J. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2019.08.005
Al-karaghouli A, Kazmerski LL (2010) Optimization and life-cycle cost of health clinic PV system for a rural area in southern Iraq using HOMER software. Solar Energy 84(4):710–714
Aziz AS, Mohammad F, Mohd R (2018) Feasibility analysis of PV/wind/battery hybrid power generation: a case study. Int J Renew Energy Res. 8(2):661–671
Saleh A, Mohammad FN, Azralmukmin A, Makbul AMR (2019) Optimization and sensitivity analysis of standalone hybrid energy systems for rural electrification: a case study of Iraq. Renew Energy 138:775–972
Azuwa A, Azizan MM, Mahmoud AM (2017) The security energy encryption in wireless power transfer. In: AIP conference proceedings, September. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5002436
Ogunjuyigbe ASO, Ayodele TR, Akinola OA (2016) Optimal allocation and sizing of PV/wind/split-diesel/battery hybrid energy system for minimizing life cycle cost, carbon emission and dump energy of remote residential building. Appl Energy 171:153–171
Salam A, Sabry S, Erika M, Nazar MME (2019) A methodology for improving wind energy production in low wind speed regions, with a case study application in Iraq. Comput Industr Eng 127:89–102
Normazlina M, Himadry S, Chee W, Yatim AHM (2016) A techno-economic assessment of a combined heat and power photovoltaic/fuel cell/battery energy system in Malaysia hospital. Energy 112:75–90
Ali A, Mohamad IS, Mohd NMY, Azizan MM, Muzammil H, Hambali NAM, Ahmad, MMH (2019) Wireless power transfer (WPT) optimization using resonant coil. In: AIP conference proceedings, July. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118135
Wikipedia Homepage. https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/iraq. Accessed 3 Oct 2019
Wikipedia Homepage. https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/AL-Faw. Accessed 3 Oct 2019
HOMER PRO, NASA surface meteorology and solar energy database. www.homerpro.com. Accessed 30 Aug 2019
Ministry of Electricity Homepage. https://moelc.gov.iq/. Accessed 4 Oct 2019
Ministry of planning Homepage. http://www.mop.gov.iq/. Accessed 4 Oct 2019
AliExpress Homepage. https://www.aliexpress.com/item/Solar-Panel-1000W-12v-10-Pcs-Lot-Solar-Power. Accessed 10 Oct 2019
AliExpress Homepage. https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1.5kw-220v-AC-use-wind-turbine-wind-generator-free-shipping-high-efficient. Accessed 10 Oct 2019
AliExpress Homepage. https://www.aliexpress.com/wholesale?catId=0&initiative_id=AS_20180310220504&SearchText=battery. Accessed 10 Oct 2019
AliExpress Homepage. https://www.aliexpress.com/wholesale?catId=0&initiative_id=SB_20180310215354&SearchText=converter. Accessed 10 Oct 2019
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
AL-Shammari, Z.W.J., Azizan, M.M., Rahman, A.S.F. (2021). Optimal Sizing of PV/Wind/Battery Hybrid System for Rural School in South Iraq. In: Md Zain, Z., et al. Proceedings of the 11th National Technical Seminar on Unmanned System Technology 2019 . NUSYS 2019. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 666. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5281-6_85
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5281-6_85
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-5280-9
Online ISBN: 978-981-15-5281-6
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)