Crow Search Algorithm Optimized 3DOF-PID Controller for AGC of Multi-area Power System Using RFB

Abstract

In this paper, crow search algorithm (CS) is proposed for 3DOF-PID for automatic generation control of multi-area multi-source power system. A two-area reheat thermal system is considered and the gains of the 3DOF-PID controller implemented individually in each area are tuned by a global search optimization technique CS. At first, 2DOF/3DOF-PID is written in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. 3DOF-PID controller performs better in terms of transiency considering three important aspects of undershoot, overshoot, and settling time at a disturbance of 0.1 pu. Later on, redox flow battery (RFB) is introduced in both the areas additionally to improve the system performance by minimizing the error in frequency and achieving minimum objective function ITAE. Sensitivity analysis is carried out in two ways by varying the SLP within +50% and −50% in steps of 25% whereas parametric variation is done by change in system parameters within ±50%. Percentage improvement, bar plot, and tabular presentation are exhibited in order to clarify the proposed 3DOF-PID controller tuned by CS algorithm for a two-area thermal power system in addition to RFB units’ in each area outperforms better when transiency condition is considered.

Appendix

$T_{g}$ = 0.08 s; $T_{t}$ = 0.3 s; $T_{r}$ = 10.0 s; $K_{r}$ = 0.5; $T_{\text{PS}}$ = 20 s; $K_{\text{PS}}$ = 120; $R$ = 2.4 Hz/MW; $B$ = 0.425 MW/Hz; $T_{12}$ = 0.086.