Abstract
Since unfavorable weather condition is the most important cause of loss in the gardening sector and apple production, it is necessary to provide a proper strategy for risk management to improve farm economic and social conditions. Insurance is a suitable tool to control such problems, while due to challenges, such as asymmetric information, it cannot manage these risks well. In this regard, it is logical to use the successful global approach in handling the weather-based index insurance, which can solve problems caused by asymmetric information, and can stabilize farmers’ income. Thus, in this research, we design the weather-based index insurance for the apple production in Damavand which is considered an important apple production center in Iran. Data were collected during 1987–2016 from Iranian Agriculture Jihad Organization and the meteorological station in Damavand County. To investigate the dependency structure between weather variables and yield, the C- and D-vine copulas are used, and the Bayesian approach is employed to estimate the copula parameters. Considering the derived expected loss from this dependency structure, the premium is 36162340.44 Rials, that is different from the premium of the current insurance. This diversity arises form circular and administrative of current plan and lack of consideration of expected loss in the premium determination.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aas K, Czado C, Frigessi A, Bakken H (2009) Pair-Copula constructions of multiple dependence. Insur Math Econ 44:182–198
Agricultural Insurance Fund (2015) Report on the performance of agricultural insurance fund during the recent years. Manage Plan Serv (in Persian)
Agricultural Statistics (2015) Agriculture ministry. Department of planning and economy, IT center, vol 2, 1st edn (in Persian)
Aziznasiri S (2011) Weather-based crop insurance as a viable instrument for agricultural risk management in Iran. Master of Science thesis, Allameh Tabatabai University, E.C.O. College of Insurance (in Persian)
Beatriz V, Mendes M, Eduardo F, de Melo L, Nelsen R (2005) Robust fits for copula models. UFRJ/COPPEAD
Bedford T, Cooke RM (2001) Probability density decomposition for conditionally dependent random variables modeled by vines. Ann Math Artif Intell 32:245–268
Bedford T, Cooke RM (2002) Vines: a new graphical model for dependent random variables. Ann Stat 30:1031–1068
Blanc E (2012) The impact of climate change on crop yields in Sub-Saharan Africa. Am J Clim Chan 1(1):1–13
Bokusheva R (2010) Measuring the dependence structure between yield and weather variables. ETH Zurich, Institute for Environmental Decisions
Brechmann EC, Schepsmeier U (2012) Modeling dependence with C- and D-vine copulas: the R-package C-D vine. J Stat Softw 52(3):1–27
Brechmann EC, Czado C, Aas K (2010) Truncated regular vines and their applications. Can J Stat 40(1):68–85
Burke M, Hsiang SM, Miguel E (2015) Global non-linear effect of temperature on economic production. Nature 527:235–239
Carlin BP, Louis T (2000) Bayes and empirical Bayes methods for data analysis. Chapman and Hall, New York
Chen S, Wilson WW, Larsen R, Dahl B (2013) Investing in agriculture as an asset class. Department of Agribusiness and Applied Economics Agricultural Experiment Station North Dakota State University
Conradt S, Robert F, Bokusheva R (2015) Tailored to the extremes: quantile regression for index-based insurance contract design. Agric Econ 46:1–11
Czado C, Brechmann EC, Gruber L (2014) Selection of vine copulas. Technische Universitat Munchen
Daron JD, Stainforth DA (2014) Assessing pricing assumptions for weather index insurance in a changing climate. Climt Risk Mang 1:76–91
Dell M, Jones BF, Olken BA (2014) What do we learn from the weather? The new climate-economy literature. J Econ Lit 52(3):198–204
Emmanouil KN, Nikos N (2012) Extreme value theory and mixed canonical vine copulas on modelling energy price risks. Cass Business School, City University London
Farzaneh F, Allahyari MS, Damalas CA, Seidavi A (2017) Crop insurance as a risk management tool in agriculture: the case of silk farmers in northern Iran. Land Use Pol 64:225–232 (in Persian)
Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) (2014) FAO production year book (in Persian)
Geidosch M, Fischer M (2016) Application of vine copulas to credit portfolio risk modeling. J Risk Fin Mang 9: 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm9020004
Governor’s Office of Damavand (2015) Introduction to damavand county. Available at: https://damavand.ostan-th.ir (in Persian)
Guiteras R (2007) The impact of climate change on Indian agriculture. Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Mimeo
Iranian Agricultural Organization site, Tehran Province (2015) Available at: Tehran.agri-jahad.ir (in Persian)
Jie C, Li Y, Sijia L (2013) Design of wheat drought index insurance in Shandong province. Int J Hybrid Inf Technol 6(4):95–104
Joe H (1996) Families of m-variate distributions with given margins and m(m-1)/2 bivariate dependence parameters. Ins Math Stat Hayward
Kim D, Kimb JM, Liao SM, Jung YS (2013) Mixture of D-vine copulas for modeling dependence. Comput Stat Data Anal 64:1–19
Kochakzaei F, Kochakzaei A (2015) The study of weather-based index agriculture insurance in numerous different countries. International Conference on Applied Researches in Agriculture, Melard, Iran. Retrieved from http://www.civilica.com/Paper-ICARA01-ICARA01_085.html (in Persian)
Kochakzaei F, Norouzi Gh, Goudarzi M (2013) The calculation of agricultural insurance premium of rainfed wheat through precipitation index (case study: Daregaz town). Tehran, Iran. In: The 1st national conference on stable agriculture and natural resources. Proceedings of MehrArvand Higher Education Institute, Extension group of environmentalists and the Association of Iran’s nature advocacy. Retrieved from http://www.civilica.com/Paper-NACONF01-NACONF01_0520.html (in Persian)
Kurowicka D, Cooke RM (2006) Uncertainty analysis with high dimensional dependence dodelling. Wiley
Leblois A, Quirion P (2010) Agricultural insurances based on meteorological indices: realizations, methods and research agenda. Downloaded from http://ideas.repec.org
Lobell DB, Field CB (2007) Global scale climate crop yield relationships and the impacts of recent warming. Env Res Lett 2(1):625–630
Lobell DB, Schlenker W, Costa-Roberts J (2011) Climate trends and global crop production since 1980. Science 333(6042):616–620
Ma J, Maystadt JF (2017) The impact of weather variations on maize yields and household income: income diversification as adaptation in rural China. Global Env Change 42:93–106
Pishbahar E, Abedi S, Dashti G, Kianirad A (2015) Weather-based crop insurance (WBCI) premium for rainfed wheat in Miyaneh county: D-Vine copula approach application. J Agric Econ 9(3):37–62 (in Persian)
Pishbahar E, Abedi S, Dashti G, KianiRad A (2019) Agricultural risk management through weather-based insurance in Iran. In: Rashidghalam M (eds) Sustainable agriculture and agribusiness in Iran. Perspectives on development in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Springer, Singapore
Robison LJ, Barry PJ (1987) The competitive firm’s response to risk. Macmillan, New York
Roudier P, Sultan B, Quirion P, Berg A (2011) The impact of future climate change on West African crop yields: what does the recent literature say? Global Env Change 21(3):1073–1083
Schlenker W, Lobell DB (2010) Robust negative impacts of climate change on African agriculture. Env ResLett 5(1):123–129
Sklar A (1959) Fonctions de repartition a n dimension et leurs marges. Publications de l’Institut de Statistique de L Universite de Paris 8:299
Tao F, Zhang Z (2010) Dynamic responses of terrestrial ecosystems structure and function to climate change in China. J Geop Res: Biogeo 115(3):58–72
Welch JR, Vincent JR, Maximilian A, Moya PF, Achim D, David D (2010) Rice yields in tropical-subtropical Asia exhibit large but opposing sensitivities to minimum and maximum temperatures. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 107(33):14562–14567
Yao J, Liu Z, Yang Q, Liu Y, Chengzhi LI, Wenfeng HU (2014) Temperature variability and its possible causes in the typical basins of the arid Central Asia in recent 130 years. Acta Geogr Sinica 69(3):291–302
Zhang Q, Zhang J, Guo E, Yan D, Sun Z (2015) The impacts of long-term and year-to-year temperature change on corn yield in China. Theor App Clim 119:77–82
Zhang T, Huang Y (2012) Impacts of climate change and inter-annual variability on cereal crops in China from 1980 to 2008. J Sci Food Agric 92(8):1643–1652
Zhao Y, Chai Z, Delgado M, Preckel P (2017) A test on adverse selection of farmers in crop insurance: results from Inner Mongolia, China. J Integr Agric 16(2):478–485
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Appendix
Appendix
(a) Diagrams of posterior distribution of pair copulas’ parameters in C-vine
(b) Diagrams of posterior distribution of pair copulas parameters in D-vine
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Torabi, S., Dourandish, A., Daneshvar Kakhki, M., Kianirad, A., Mohammadi, H. (2020). Weather Risk Management: The Application of Vine Copula Approach. In: Rashidghalam, M. (eds) The Economics of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Perspectives on Development in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5250-2_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5250-2_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-5249-6
Online ISBN: 978-981-15-5250-2
eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceEconomics and Finance (R0)