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Lung and Prostate Cancer Stem Cells

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Cancer Stem Cells: New Horizons in Cancer Therapies

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Abstract

The most prominent cause of deaths due to cancer is lung cancer that typically includes the failure of treatment, reoccurrence of cancer, and dispersion that is only possible due to the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). The current development in translational and molecular investigation on lung cancer postulates the unique data and detailed comprehension of lung cancer biology and various treatment approaches. Targeting lung CSCs with detailed focus on specific markers of lung CSCs may give a conception to eliminate lung cancer without reoccurrence and may finally improve long-lasting clinical outcome. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent type of cancer and the major cause of mortality in males around the globe. It is a heterogenous condition attributed to instability of genome and mechanisms related to epigenetics resulting in cellular differentiation. The previous decade has seen evidences that have clearly revealed the critical role of PCa stem cells (PCSCs) in PCa. Metastasis, till date, remains a big challenge in the treatment of these cancer types due to limited survival advantage of the second-generation drugs as observed in sufferers. Molecular mechanisms reveal that mutations in tumor suppressors together with oncogenic activation are capable of inducing a major mechanism termed as partial epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), which provides plasticity to cancer stem cells (CSCs) and eventually contributes to metastasis. Thus, a clearer understanding of fundamental stem cell mechanisms pointing toward the various signaling pathways that regulate the fate of cell during development is crucial to improve stem cell-based regenerative medicine and anticancer strategies for both PCa and lung cancer.

In this chapter, we encapsulate our present understanding of normal stem/progenitor cells of prostate and lung cancer that highlight the recent progress that has been made on CSCs and discuss the properties and hallmarks of biology of prostate and lung CSCs and their involvement in resistance to therapy, tumor progression, and metastases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sudeep Bose, Valentina Sain, Sartaj Khurana & Rajat Gupta

  2. Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sudeep Bose & Sartaj Khurana

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  1. Sudeep Bose
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  2. Valentina Sain
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  3. Sartaj Khurana
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  4. Rajat Gupta
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Correspondence to Sudeep Bose .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Surajit Pathak

  2. Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Antara Banerjee

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Bose, S., Sain, V., Khurana, S., Gupta, R. (2020). Lung and Prostate Cancer Stem Cells. In: Pathak, S., Banerjee, A. (eds) Cancer Stem Cells: New Horizons in Cancer Therapies. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5120-8_4

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