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Is Firm-Level International Trade More Pronounced at the Inter-industry or Intra-industry Level?

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Big Data Analysis on Global Community Formation and Isolation

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Abstract

Traditionally, imports and exports between developing and developed countries have been considered inter-industry trade in which primary commodities and industrial products are imported and exported, while imports and exports between developed countries are considered intra-industry trade. In recent years, economic integration has led to the development of a form of intra-industry trade that corresponds to the cross-border division of labor between developing countries and developed countries or between developing countries, which has been increasing. We analyze industry sector-specific international trade network and global inter-firm production network to determine whether international trade is more pronounced at inter-industry or intra-industry level. The identified communities in the international trade network reveal a six-backbones structure. We find that each community consists of mainly the same or similar industries. We also find that the first to fifth-largest communities involve developed countries, while the sixth-largest linked community involves only developed countries. This community structure means that international trade is actively transacted among the same or similar industry sectors. Conversely, all communities except for the fifth-largest community in the global production network involve both developed and developing countries. This result is consistent with the results obtained in the sector-specific international trade network. The obtained results support the assertion that firm-level international trade is more pronounced at intra-industry level, which corresponds to the cross-border division of labor between developing countries and developed countries.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP17KT0034. AC greatly acknowledges funding from the OeNB 17795 project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Josefstaedter Strasse 39, 1080, Vienna, Austria

    Abhijit Chakraborty

  2. Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies in Human Survivability, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8306, Japan

    Yuichi Ikeda

Authors
  1. Abhijit Chakraborty
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  2. Yuichi Ikeda
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Abhijit Chakraborty .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies in Human Survivability, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Yuichi Ikeda

  2. Department of Mathematics, Niigata University, Niigata, Nishi-ku, Japan

    Hiroshi Iyetomi

  3. National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo, Japan

    Takayuki Mizuno

Appendix

Appendix

  • Table 8 represents the code of countries, firm distribution in different countries.

  • Table 9 represents the industrial sectors and firm distribution.

  • Table 10 shows the primary industry and sector classification.

We show a different color code of the nodes for the overexpression network of primary industries that is shown in Fig. 8 in main text. Here we use the node color according to sector classification. From Fig. 8 of main text and Fig. 9, we observe the clustering among primary industries are formed based on sectors.

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Chakraborty, A., Ikeda, Y. (2021). Is Firm-Level International Trade More Pronounced at the Inter-industry or Intra-industry Level?. In: Ikeda, Y., Iyetomi, H., Mizuno, T. (eds) Big Data Analysis on Global Community Formation and Isolation. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4944-1_2

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