Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Advances in Seed Production and Management pp 119–137Cite as

Production of High-Quality Tropical Forage Legume Seeds

Abstract

Production of quality seeds of tropical forage legumes is important to satisfy the growing market demand for planting of feed for livestock and for their environmental benefits. The overall quality of seeds is defined by genetic, physical, physiological, and health attributes. The entire production and storage process has a major effect on the quality of forage legume seeds. Therefore, attention needs to be given to all the stages of seed production and storage, to ensure the production and availability of high-quality forage seeds for use. This chapter covers the key attributes such as seed production, processing, maintenance/storage, and health testing, for the production of high-quality forage legume seeds.

Keywords

  • Forage
  • Tropical legumes
  • Quality seeds
  • Seed production
  • Seed processing

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Chapter
EUR   29.95
Price includes VAT (Finland)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
EUR   160.49
Price includes VAT (Finland)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
EUR   219.99
Price includes VAT (Finland)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
EUR   219.99
Price includes VAT (Finland)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Andrade-de RP (1999) Location of seed crops: legumes. In: Loch DS, Ferguson J (eds) Forage seed production. Volume 2: Tropical and subtropical species. CAB International, Wallingford, pp 129–140

    Google Scholar 

  • Andrade-de RP, English BH (1999) Seed harvesting and drying. In: Loch DS, Ferguson JE (eds) Forage seed production. Volume 2: Tropical and subtropical species. CAB International, Wallingford, p 213

    Google Scholar 

  • Argel PJ, Paton CJ (1999) Overcoming legume hardseededness. In: Loch DS, Ferguson JE (eds) Forage seed production. Volume 2: Tropical and subtropical species. CAB International, Wallingford, pp 247–265

    Google Scholar 

  • Beavis CHS, Harty RL (1999) Seed quality assurance. In: Loch DS, Ferguson J (eds) Forage seed production. Volume 2: Tropical and subtropical species. CAB International, Wallingford, pp 283–301

    Google Scholar 

  • Cameron DF, Irwin JAG (1986) Use of natural outcrossing to improve the anthracnose resistance of Stylosanthes guianensis. In: Proceedings of the DSIR Plant Breeding Symposium. Agronomy Society of New Zealand Special Publication No. 5. Agronomy Society of New Zealand, Christchurch, pp 224–227

    Google Scholar 

  • Cardona JAO (1990) Seed transmission and control of cowpea anthracnose (Colletotrichum dematium). Revista Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario 25:265–274

    Google Scholar 

  • Carmona R, Ferguson JE, Maia MS (1986) Maturacao para colheita de sementes de Stylosanthes macrocephala M.B.Fer.et S. Costa. Revista Brasileira de sementes 8(3):9–18

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Chin HF, Hanson J (1999) Seed quality: seed storage. In: Loch DS, Ferguson J (eds) Forage seed production. Volume 2: Tropical and subtropical species. CAB International, Wallingford, pp 303–315

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellis RH (2019) Temporal patterns of seed quality development, decline, and timing of maximum quality during seed development and maturation. Seed Sci Res 29:135–142

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis RH, Hong TD (2007) Quantitative response of the longevity of seed of twelve crops to temperature and moisture in hermetic storage. Seed Sci Technol 35:423–444

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis MA, Paschal EH (1979) Effect of fungicide seed treatment on internally seed-borne fungi, germination and field emergence of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan). Seed Sci Technol 7:75–81

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellis RH, Pieta-Filho C (1992) The development of seed quality in spring and winter cultivars of barley and wheat. Seed Sci Res 2:9–15

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis RH, Roberts EH (1980) Improved equations for the prediction of seed longevity. Ann Bot 45:13–30

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis RH, Roberts EH (1981) The quantification of ageing and survival in orthodox seeds. Seed Sci Technol 9:373–409

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellis RH, Nasehzadeh M, Hanson J, Woldemariam Y (2017) Medium-term seed storage of 50 genera of forage legumes and evidence-based genebank monitoring intervals. Genet Resour Crop Evol 65:607–623

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis RH, Nasehzadeh M, Hanson J, Ndiwa N, Woldemariam Y (2019) Medium-term seed storage of diverse genera of forages grasses, evidence-based genebank monitoring intervals, and regeneration standards. Genet Resour Crop Evol 66:723–734

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • English BH, Hopkinson JM (1985) Verano stylo seed production. QLD Agric J 111:59–63

    Google Scholar 

  • FAO (2006) Quality declared seed system. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, p 185

    Google Scholar 

  • FAO, CTA, IFAD (2014) Youth and agriculture: key challenges and concrete solutions. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in collaboration with the Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA) and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), Rome, p 128

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardiner MR (1975) Lupinosis. J Agric West Aust 16:26–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Grof B (1970) Interspecific hybridization in Centrosema: hybrids between C. brasilianum, C. virginianum and C. pubescens. QLD Dept Prim Indus Div Plant Indust Bull 564:385–389

    Google Scholar 

  • Guodao L, Chakraborty S (2005) Stylo in China: a tropical forage legume success story. In: Proceedings of the XX International Grassland Congress: Offered papers, Dublin. Wageningen Academic, Wageningen, p 322

    Google Scholar 

  • Hacker B, Hanson J (1999) Crop growth and development: reproduction. In: Loch DS, Ferguson J (eds) Forage seed production. Volume II. Tropical and subtropical species. CAB International, Wallingford, pp 93–111

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanson J, Peters M (2003) Meeting the need for herbage seeds in developing countries. In: Loch DS (ed) Proceedings of the 5th International Herbage Seed Conference, Herbage seeds in the new millennium – new markets, new products, new opportunities. Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Cleveland, OH, pp 26–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrington JF (1963) The value of moisture-resistant containers in vegetable seed packaging. Calif Agr Expt Stat Bull 792:1–23

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harrington JF (1970) Seed and pollen storage for conservation of plant gene resources. In: Frankel OH, Bennett E (eds) Genetic resources in plants; Their exploration and conservation. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, pp 501–521

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrington JF (1972) Seed storage and longevity. In: Kozlowski TT (ed) Seed biology, vol III. Academic Press, New York, NY, pp 145–245

    Google Scholar 

  • Hay FR, Smith RD, Ellis RH, Butler LH (2010) Developmental changes in the germinability, desiccation tolerance, hard seededness, and longevity of individual seeds of Trifolium ambiguum. Ann Bot 105:1035–1052

    CrossRef  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Heering JH (1994) The reproductive biology of three perennial Sesbania species (Leguminosae). Euphytica 74:143–148

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Hill MJ, Loch DS (1993) Achieving potential herbage seed yields in tropical regions. In: Proceedings of the XVII International Grassland Congress, pp 1629–1635

    Google Scholar 

  • Hopkinson JM, Clifford PTP (1993) Mechanical harvesting and processing of temperate zone and tropical pasture seed. In: Proceedings of the XVII International Grassland Congress, pp 1815–1822

    Google Scholar 

  • Hopkinson JM, Loch DS (1977) Seed production of stylo in north Queensland. QLD Agric J 103:116–125

    Google Scholar 

  • HSU (Herbage Seed Unit) (1994) Establishment and management of seed crop. ILCA training manual. Forage seed production. ILCA, Addis Ababa

    Google Scholar 

  • Humphreys LR, Riveros F (1986) Tropical pasture seed production. FAO plant production and protection paper 8. FAO, Rome, p 203

    Google Scholar 

  • ISTA (2019) International rules for seed testing 2019. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser WJ, Ramsey MD, Makkouk KM, Bretag TW, Açikgöz NA, Kumar J, Nutter FW Jr (2000) Foliar diseases of cool season food legumes and their control. In: Knight R (ed) Linking research and marketing opportunities for pulses in the 21st century. Proceedings of the Third International Food Legumes Research Conference, Adelaide, South Australia. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 437–455

    Google Scholar 

  • Kouam EB, Pasquet RS, Campagne P, Tignegre JB, Thoen K, Gaudin R, Ouedraogo JT, Salifu AB, Muluvi GM, Gepts P (2012) Genetic structure and mating system of wild cowpea populations in West Africa. BMC Plant Biol 12:113–126

    CrossRef  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kukade SA, Tidke JA (2014) Reproductive biology of Dolichos lablab L. (Fabaceae). Indian J Plant Sci 3:22–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Kulkarni KP, Tayade R, Asekova S, Song JT, Grover Shannon J, Lee JD (2018) Harnessing the potential of forage legumes, alfalfa, soybean, and cowpea for sustainable agriculture and global food security. Front Plant Sci 9:1314

    CrossRef  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lambert GA (1982) Seed production of fine- stem stylo in the upper Burnett. QLD Agric J 108:57–58

    Google Scholar 

  • Latch GCM, Skipp RA (1987) Disease. In: Baker MJ, Williams WM (eds) White clover. CABI, Wallingford, pp 441–460

    Google Scholar 

  • Linnett B (1999) Seed cleaning and processing. In: Loch DS, Ferguson JE (eds) Forage seed production. Volume 2: Tropical and subtropical species. CAB International, Wallingford, pp 229–246

    Google Scholar 

  • Loch DS, Hopkinson JM, English BH (1976) Seed production of Stylosanthes guianensis. 3. Effect of pre-harvest desiccation. Aust J Exp Agric Anim Husb 16:231–233

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Loch DS, Cook BJ, Harvey GL (1999) Crop establishment. In: Loch DS, Ferguson JE (eds) Forage seed production. Volume 2: Tropical and subtropical species. CAB International, Wallingford, pp 141–157

    Google Scholar 

  • Madin RW (1993) Weed, invertebrate and disease pests of Australian sheep pastures – an overview. In: Delfosse ES (ed) Pests of pastures, Weeds, invertebrate and disease pests of Australian sheep pastures. CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, pp 3–20

    Google Scholar 

  • McKay A (1993) Development of annual ryegrass resistant to Anguina funesta, the vector in annual ryegrass toxicity. In: Delfosse ES (ed) Pests of pastures, Weeds, invertebrate and disease pests of Australian sheep pastures. CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, pp 80–84

    Google Scholar 

  • Nan ZB, Hanson J, Woldemariam Y (1998) Effects of sulphuric acid and hot water treatments on seed borne fungi and germination of Stylosanthes hamata, S. guianensis and S. scabra. Seed Sci Technol 26:333–345

    Google Scholar 

  • Peters M, Lascano CE (2003) Forage technology adoption: linking on-station research with participatory methods. Trop Grasslands 37:197–203

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramesh CR, Chakraborty S, Pathak PS, Biradar N, Bhat P (2005) Stylo in India – much more than a plant for the revegetation of wasteland. Trop Grasslands 39:213

    Google Scholar 

  • Rotar PP, Park SJ, Bromdep A, Urata U (1967) Crossing and flowering behavior in Spanish clover, Desmodium sandwicense. In: Mey E et al (eds) Desmodium species. Technical progress report 164. Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station, Honolulu, HI, pp 3–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanhewe AJ, Ellis RH (1996a) Seed development and maturation in Phaseolus vulgaris. I. Ability to germinate and to tolerate desiccation. J Exp Bot 47:949–958

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sanhewe AJ, Ellis RH (1996b) Seed development and maturation in Phaseolus vulgaris. II. Post-harvest longevity in air-dry storage. J Exp Bot 47:959–965

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Trutmann P (1994) Management of diseases of tropical pasture plants. In: Lenne J, Trutmann P (eds) Diseases of tropical pasture plants. CAB International, Wallingford, pp 291–314

    Google Scholar 

  • Tu JC (1988) The role of white mold-infected white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds in the dissemination of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. Phytopathol Z 121:40–50

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Whitehouse KJ, Hay FR, Ellis RH (2018) Improvement in rice seed storage longevity from high-temperature drying is a consistent positive function of harvest moisture content above a critical value. Seed Sci Res 28:332–339

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Yadav G, Ellis RH (2016) Development of ability to germinate and of longevity in air-dry storage in wheat seed crops subjected to rain shelter or simulated supplementary rainfall. Seed Sci Res 26:332–341

    CrossRef  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

    Alok Kumar

  2. Feed and Forage Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Jean Hanson & Asebe Abdena

Authors
  1. Alok Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jean Hanson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Asebe Abdena
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. UP Council of Sugarcane Research, Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Dr. Ajay Kumar Tiwari

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Kumar, A., Hanson, J., Abdena, A. (2020). Production of High-Quality Tropical Forage Legume Seeds. In: Tiwari, A.K. (eds) Advances in Seed Production and Management. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4198-8_6

Download citation

Search

Navigation