Abstract
This chapter explores empirical research that relates to employees’ perspectives on mental health and well-being in the workplace. This research is part of a broader research project that explored employees’ reactions to HRM practices, the quality of working life, leadership, and well-being in the workplace. Informants were asked five research questions: definition and understanding of mental health and mental ill-health; experiences of mental ill-health at work and support strategies to assist employees; leadership development to respond to mental health concerns; removing the stigma of mental ill-health at work; and enhancing mental health and well-being in the workplace. The methodological approach adopted was mixed qualitative and entailed thirty-six semi-structured interviews and two focus groups with employees, the union, managers, and executive directors, respectively. The findings reveal that informants defined mental health as cognitive and psychological stability and satisfaction. In contrast, mental ill-health was defined as mistreatment at work that results in depression, anxiety, and emotional instability. The findings from the other research questions relate to the material aspects of the employment relationship that will effectively govern and manage the twenty-first-century workforce for sustained mental health and well-being.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Allen, T. D. (2001). Family supportive work environments: The role of organizational perceptions. Journal of Vocational Behavior,58, 414–435.
Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in advances of experimental social psychology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 822–848.
Chen, P. Y., & Cooper, C. (2014). Work and wellbeing, wellbeing: A complete reference guide (vol. III). John Wiley & Sons.
David, S. (2018). Employer strategy: Managing stress and mental health wellbeing within your organisation. Virgin Pulse (virginpulse.com).
Department of Health. (2003). Attitudes to mental illness. Report 2003.
Department of Health, Health and Safety Executive, and Department for Work and Pension. (2007). Line managers’ resource: A practical guide to managing and supporting people with mental health problems in the workplace. Shift, Health Work Wellbeing, www.shift.org.uk/employers (October 1, 2019).
Fogg, B. J. (2018). How habits really work, introduction to how habits really work: Let’s talk about habits. Virgin Pulse. https://community.virginpulse.com/bj-foggs-video-guide-to-how-habits-really-work-virgin-pulse?submissionGuid=4e24cd09-210c-41b4-a56d-448bf8338e40 (accessed September 10, 2019).
Giorgi, A. (1985). Phenomenology and psychological research. PA: Pittsburgh Duquesne University Press.
Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources and conflict between work and family roles. The Academy of Management Review,10(1), 76–88.
Guba, E., & Lincoln, Y. (1989). Fourth generation evaluation. CA: Thousand Oaks.
Hanisch, S., Twomey, C. D., Szeto, A. C. H., Birner, U. W., Nowak, D., & Sabariego, C. (2016). The effectiveness of interventions targeting the stigma of mental illness at the workplace: A systematic review. BMC Psychiatry,16, 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-0150706-4.
Henderson, C., Evans-Lacko, S., & Thornicroft, G. (2013). Mental illness stigma, help seeking, and public health programs. American Journal of Public Health,103(5), 777–780.
Heyman, S. J., & Penrose, K. (2006). Meeting children’s needs: How does the United States measure up? Merrill-Palmer Quarterly.,52(2), 189–211.
Hilton, M. F., Whiteford, H. A., Sheridan, J. S., Cleary, C. M., Chant, D. C., Wang, P. S., et al. (2008). The prevalence of psychological distress in employees and associated occupational risk factors. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,50, 746–757.
International Labour Organisation. (2000). Mental health in the workplace. Geneva: International Labour Office.
Jorm, A. F., Jorm, A. F., Christensen, H., Griffiths, K. M., Jorm, A. F., Christensen, H., et al. (2005). The impact of beyond blue: The national depression initiative on the Australian public’s recognition of depression and beliefs about treatments. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry,39(4), 248–254.
Kelloway, E. K., Hurrell, J. J., & Day, A. (2008). Workplace interventions for occupational stress. In The individual in the changing working life (pp. 419–441).
Keyes, C. L. M. (2007). Promoting and protecting mental health and flourishing: A complementary strategy for improving national mental health. American Psychologist, 62(2), 95–108.
Kilfedder, C., & Litchfield, P. (2014). Wellbeing as a business priority: Experience from the corporate world. Interventions and Policies to enhance wellbeing, Vol 6. London: John Wiley and Sons.
LaMontagne, A. D., Keegal, T., & Vallance, D. (2007). Protecting and promoting mental health in the workplace: Developing a system approach to job stress. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 18(3), 221–228.
LaMontagne, A. D., Keegel, T., Louie, A. M., & Ostry, A. (2010). Job stress as a preventable upstream determinant of common mental disorders: A review for practitioners and policy-makers. Advances in Mental Health,9, 17–35.
LaMontagne, A. D., Noblet, A. J., & Landsbergis, P. A. (2012). Intervention development and implementation: Understanding and addressing barriers to organizational-level interventions. In Improving organizational interventions for stress and well-being: Addressing process and context (pp. 21–38).
Langer, E. J. (1989). Minding matters: The consequences of mindlessness—mindfulness. Advances of Experimental Social Psychology, 22, 137–173.
Lawson, K. M., Davis, K. D., McHale, S. M., Hammer, L. B., & Buxton, O. M. (2014). Daily positive spillover and crossover from mothers’ work to youth health. Journal of Family Psychology,28(6), 897–907.
Mandel, H. (2011). Rethinking the paradox: Trade-offs in work-family policy and patterns of gender inequality. Community, Work & Family,14(2), 159–176.
Martin, A., Karanika-Murray, M., Biron, C., & Sanderson, K. (2014). The Psychosocial work environment, employee mental health and organizational interventions: Improving research and practice by taking a multilevel approach. Stress and Health.
Maxwell, J. A., & Loomis, D. (2002). Mixed methods design: An alternative approach. In: A. Tashakkori & C. Teddie (Eds.), (2002) Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research (pp. 241–271). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Maxwell, J. A. (2004). Causal explanation, qualitative research, and scientific inquiry in education. Educational Researcher,33(2), 3–11.
Memish, K., Martin, A., Bartlett, L., Dawkins, S., & Sanderson, K. (2017). Workplace mental health: An international review and guidelines. Preventive Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.03.017 (0091-7435/© 2017 Elsevier Inc.) All rights reserved (accessed September 10, 2019).
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Nilsen, A., Brannen, J., & Lewis, S. (Eds.). (2012). Transitions to parenthood in Europe: A comparative life course perspective. Bristol, UK: The Policy Press.
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). (2013). Employment outlook 2013. Paris: OECD Publishing. Retrieved from https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/employment/oecd-employment-outlook-2013_empl_outlook-2013-en (accessed October 1, 2019).
Outhwaite, W. (1986). Understanding social life: The method called ‘Verstehen’. London: Allen and Unwin.
Page, K. M., Lamontagne, A. D., Louie, A. M., Ostry, A. S., Shaw, A., & Shoveller, J. A. (2013). Stakeholder perceptions of job stress in an industrialized country: Implications for policy and practice. Journal of Public Health Policy,34, 447–461.
Pescosolido, B. A., Martin, J. K., Long, J. S., Medina, T. R., Phelan, J. C., & Link, B. G. (2010). “A disease like any other”? A decade of change in public reactions to schizophrenia, depression, and alcohol dependence. American Journal of Psychiatry,167(11), 1321–1330.
Perry-Jenkins, M. (2005). Work in the working class: Challenges facing workers and their families. In Bianchi, S. M. Casper, L. M., & King, R.B. (Eds.), Work, family, health and well-being (pp. 453–472). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Perry-Jenkins, M., Smith, J. Z., Wadsworth, L. P., & Halpern, H. P. (2017). Workplace policies and mental health among working—Class new parents. Community Work Family,20(2), 226–249.
Punch, K. F. (2005). Introduction to social research: quantitative and qualitative approaches. London: Sage Publications.
Putnam, L. (2015). Workplace wellness that works: 10 steps to infuse well-being and vitality into an organisation. New Jersey: Wiley.
Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2009). Research methods for business students (5th ed.). London: Pearson Education, Financial Times, Prentice Hall.
Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G., & Teasdale, J. D. (2002). Mindfulness based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse. New York: Guilford Press.
Sweet, S., Pitt-Catsouphes, M., Besen, E., & Golden, L. (2014). Explaining organizational variation in flexible work arrangements: Why the pattern and scale of availability matter. Community, Work & Family,17(2), 115–141.
The Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health. (2007). Mental health at work: developing the business case. https://www.impact.ie/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Mental-Health-at-Work.pdf (accessed October 1, 2019).
Thornicroft, G. (2007). Most people with mental illness are not treated. Lancet,370(9590), 807–808.
Thorne, S., Kirkham, S. R., & MacDonald-Emes, J. (1997). Interpretive description: A noncategorical qualitative alternative for developing nursing knowledge. Research in Nursing and Health,20, 169–177.
van Maanen, M. (1994). Researching lived experience: Human science for an action sensitive pedagogy. Michigan: Althouse.
Walton, L. (2003). Exploration of the attitudes of employees towards the provision of counselling within a profit-making organisation. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research,3(1), 65–71.
Westman, M. (2001). Stress and strain crossover. Human Relations, 54, 557–591.
World Health Organisation. (2018). Mental health: Strengthening our response. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-strengthening-our-response (accessed October 10, 2019).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Cvenkel, N. (2020). Mental Health and Well-Being in the Workplace. In: Well-Being in the Workplace: Governance and Sustainability Insights to Promote Workplace Health . Approaches to Global Sustainability, Markets, and Governance. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3619-9_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3619-9_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-3618-2
Online ISBN: 978-981-15-3619-9
eBook Packages: Business and ManagementBusiness and Management (R0)