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Neurophysiology of Heart

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Brain and Heart Crosstalk

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Abstract

Heart occupies a special place in our life, and physiologically, it is central to the functions of the cardiovascular system. The heart has inherent ability to generate its own rhythm and modulate its functions. The neural centres in the medulla integrate the afferent information from cardiovascular system with the modulatory signals from the cortical and sub-cortical neural regions to control the rate, rhythm and contracility of the heart. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves innervate the heart and form a network of plexuses with the intrinsic cardiac nervous system. These sympathetic and parasympathetic drives are modulated to operate in antagonistic, synergistic and temporally sequenced mode in context-specific patterns. The overall neural organization ensures that the functioning of the heart is modulated to synchronize it with the overall scheme of homeostasis and to support the ongoing physical and emotional components of motivated behaviour.

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Acknowledgements

The concepts and information presented in this chapter have been drawn from the research reports of hundreds of scientists from countless laboratories over last century, only a few of whom have been referred directly. We have made efforts to compile diverse and detailed data into simple unifying notions, to be able to visualize forest without losing sight of the trees.

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  1. Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Ashok Kumar Jaryal, Akanksha Singh & Kishore Kumar Deepak

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Correspondence to Ashok Kumar Jaryal .

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  1. Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Hemanshu Prabhakar

  2. Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Indu Kapoor

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Jaryal, A.K., Singh, A., Deepak, K.K. (2020). Neurophysiology of Heart. In: Prabhakar, H., Kapoor, I. (eds) Brain and Heart Crosstalk. Physiology in Clinical Neurosciences – Brain and Spinal Cord Crosstalks. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2497-4_1

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